Patent
High-capacity electrical energy storage device for use in electric and hybrid electric vehicles
| العنوان: | High-capacity electrical energy storage device for use in electric and hybrid electric vehicles |
|---|---|
| Patent Number: | 10580,590 |
| تاريخ النشر: | March 03, 2020 |
| Appl. No: | 16/438395 |
| Application Filed: | June 11, 2019 |
| مستخلص: | A high-capacity electrical energy storage device (HCEESD) comprising a capacitor having at least one power cell, a pair of high-voltage main power terminals configured to receive and store electrical energy from an external main power source, and a pair of fixating auxiliary power terminals configured to receive a fixating voltage from an auxiliary power source that causes the stored electrical energy to be retained so long as the auxiliary power source remains active. The HCEESD may include a plurality of power cells electrically connected in parallel and one or more fixating cells oppositely polarized to the power cells that assist in suppressing energy decay of the HCEESDs. An electric locomotive that includes multiple energy banks of HCEESDs configured to independently provide electrical energy to the electric locomotive, which may be a maglev vehicle designed to operate on special tracks with electromagnets inductively polarized using electrical power from on-board HCEESDs, is also disclosed. |
| Inventors: | Achrekar, Prakash (Laguna Woods, CA, US) |
| Claim: | 1. A high-capacity electrical energy storage device (“HCEESD”), the HCEESD comprising: a capacitor having at least one power cell comprising: an anode electrode (positive); a cathode electrode (negative); and a dielectric material positioned between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode that separates the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, a pair of high-voltage main power terminals; and a pair of fixating auxiliary power terminals; wherein, during charging of the HCEESD, a main power source is electrically connected to the pair of high-voltage main power terminals that are configured to receive electrical energy from the main power source and store electrical energy in the HCEESD; and wherein the pair of fixating auxiliary power terminals are configured to receive from an auxiliary power source a fixating electrical voltage that facilitates the HCEESD to retain its stored electrical energy so long as the fixating electrical voltage is applied to the HCEESD. |
| Claim: | 2. The HCEESD of claim 1 , where the auxiliary power source includes an amplifier configured to provide a voltage to the electrical energy provided by the fixating auxiliary power source that is equal to that of the electrical energy supplied by the main power source. |
| Claim: | 3. The HCEESD of claim 1 , where the at least one capacitor comprises a plurality of power cells electrically connected in parallel. |
| Claim: | 4. The HCEESD of claim 1 , where the main power source is a power source located externally to a vehicle in which the HCEESD is placed. |
| Claim: | 5. The HCEESD of claim 3 , where the anode electrode and the cathode electrode of the capacitors of the HCEESD are manufactured from a material selected from a group consisting of activated carbon, carbon aerogel, xerogels, carbon nanotubes, carbon nano-fibers, and any other conductive media that can be produced with large surface area particles. |
| Claim: | 6. The HCEESD of claim 1 , where the HCEESD is in the shape of a cube, a cylinder, a rectangular prism, a cone, or a pyramid. |
| Claim: | 7. The HCEESD of claim 1 , wherein the pair of high-voltage main power terminals of the HCEESD are configured to discharge stored electrical energy from the HCEESD to an electric motor load. |
| Claim: | 8. The HCEESD of claim 3 , where the HCEESD further comprises, in addition to the plurality of power cells electrically connected in parallel, a first fixating cell comprising an anode electrode (positive), a cathode electrode (negative), and a dielectric material positioned between the anode electrode (positive) and the cathode electrode (negative) that separates the anode electrode and the cathode electrode, wherein the first fixating cell is electrically connected in parallel with opposite polarity with the plurality of power cells and the anode electrode (positive) and the cathode electrode (negative) are electrically connected to the pair of fixating auxiliary power terminals. |
| Claim: | 9. The HCEESD of claim 8 , where the HCEESD further comprises, in addition to the plurality of power cells electrically connected in parallel, a second fixating cell comprising an anode electrode (positive), a cathode electrode (negative), and a dielectric material positioned between the anode electrode (positive) and the cathode electrode (negative), wherein the second fixating cell is electrically connected in parallel with opposite polarity with the plurality of power cells and the anode electrode (positive) and the cathode electrode (negative) are electrically connected to the pair of high-voltage main power terminals. |
| Claim: | 10. A main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle, the main power source comprising: a plurality of energy banks of high-capacity electrical energy storage devices (“HCEESDs”), wherein each of the HCEESDs comprises: at least one power cell comprising: an anode electrode (positive); a cathode electrode (negative); and a dielectric material positioned between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode; a pair of high-voltage main power terminals; and a pair of fixating auxiliary power terminals; wherein the high-voltage main power terminals of the HCEESD are configured, when electrically connected to a power source external to the electric vehicle, to receive electrical energy from the power source and store that electrical energy in the HCEESD; power cables coupled to each HCEESD of the plurality of banks of HCEESDs that are configured to transit electrical energy from each HCEESD to one or more electric motors that provide motive power to wheels of the electric vehicle; a controller in signal communication with each HCEESD of the plurality of energy banks of HCEESDs wherein the controller is configured to activate and deactivate each bank as required to utilize all electrical energy stored in the plurality of banks of HCEESDs; and a fixating auxiliary power source that provides a fixating electrical voltage to the pair of fixating auxiliary power terminals that facilitates the HCEESD to retain its stored electrical energy so long as the fixating electrical voltage is applied to the HCEESD. |
| Claim: | 11. The main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle of claim 10 , where the electric vehicle is an electric locomotive or a magnetically levitated (maglev) locomotive designed to operate on special tracks with electromagnets of the maglev vehicle inductively polarized using electrical power from the plurality of energy banks of HCEESDs to levitate the maglev above the special tracks. |
| Claim: | 12. The main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle of claim 11 , where each of the HCEESDs comprises a plurality of power cells electrically connected in parallel. |
| Claim: | 13. The main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle of claim 12 , where each of the HCEESDs further comprises, in addition to the plurality of power cells electrically connected in parallel, a first fixating cell comprising an anode electrode (positive), a cathode electrode (negative), and a dielectric material positioned between the anode electrode (positive) and the cathode electrode (negative), wherein the first fixating cell is electrically connected in parallel with opposite polarity to the plurality of power cells and the anode electrode (positive) and the cathode electrode (negative) are electrically connected to the pair of auxiliary power terminals. |
| Claim: | 14. The main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle of claim 10 , further comprising one or more power receptacles configured to be coupled to an external charging station configured to recharge the HCEESDs of the plurality of energy banks. |
| Claim: | 15. The main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle of claim 14 , wherein the auxiliary power source is a conventional lead-acid 12V automotive battery. |
| Claim: | 16. The main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle of claim 15 , further comprising a receptacle configured to be coupled to an auxiliary battery and charger circuit within the electric locomotive in order to recharge the conventional lead-acid 12V automotive battery. |
| Claim: | 17. The main power source for utilization by an electric vehicle of claim 13 , wherein the controller comprises switching circuitry in signal communication with each HCEESD of the plurality of energy banks configured to measure the status of the electrical energy in each HCEESD, disconnect a HCEESD from the power cables when that HCEESD's stored electrical energy is depleted, and select and connect a HCEESD with stored electrical energy from the plurality of energy banks to the power cables when required. |
| Patent References Cited: | 3932797 January 1976 York 6208502 March 2001 Hudis 6628572 September 2003 Yabe 7541782 June 2009 Narendra 2005/0282067 December 2005 Gutkin 2007/0262746 November 2007 Kang 2008/0089012 April 2008 Kon 2008/0211457 September 2008 Rudorff 2009/0123823 May 2009 Ando 2009/0161296 June 2009 Matsui 2010/0159356 June 2010 Mahoney 2010/0327819 December 2010 Macdougall 2011/0085283 April 2011 Park 2011/0170233 July 2011 Lee 2011/0210701 September 2011 Nakamura 2011/0286148 November 2011 Lee 2012/0169270 July 2012 Cho 2012/0282495 November 2012 Kise 2012/0328916 December 2012 Enning 2013/0044017 February 2013 Matsuzawa 2017/0365595 December 2017 He |
| Primary Examiner: | Ngo, Brian |
| Attorney, Agent or Firm: | Wilk, Jeffrey C. |
| رقم الانضمام: | edspgr.10580590 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | USPTO Patent Grants |
| الوصف غير متاح. |