Academic Journal
Psychotic Experiences and Overhasty Inferences Are Related to Maladaptive Learning.
| العنوان: | Psychotic Experiences and Overhasty Inferences Are Related to Maladaptive Learning. |
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| المؤلفون: | Heiner Stuke, Hannes Stuke, Veith Andreas Weilnhammer, Katharina Schmack |
| المصدر: | PLoS Computational Biology, Vol 13, Iss 1, p e1005328 (2017) |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017. |
| سنة النشر: | 2017 |
| المجموعة: | LCC:Biology (General) |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Biology (General), QH301-705.5 |
| الوصف: | Theoretical accounts suggest that an alteration in the brain's learning mechanisms might lead to overhasty inferences, resulting in psychotic symptoms. Here, we sought to elucidate the suggested link between maladaptive learning and psychosis. Ninety-eight healthy individuals with varying degrees of delusional ideation and hallucinatory experiences performed a probabilistic reasoning task that allowed us to quantify overhasty inferences. Replicating previous results, we found a relationship between psychotic experiences and overhasty inferences during probabilistic reasoning. Computational modelling revealed that the behavioral data was best explained by a novel computational learning model that formalizes the adaptiveness of learning by a non-linear distortion of prediction error processing, where an increased non-linearity implies a growing resilience against learning from surprising and thus unreliable information (large prediction errors). Most importantly, a decreased adaptiveness of learning predicted delusional ideation and hallucinatory experiences. Our current findings provide a formal description of the computational mechanisms underlying overhasty inferences, thereby empirically substantiating theories that link psychosis to maladaptive learning. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article |
| وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1553-734X 1553-7358 |
| Relation: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5249047?pdf=render; https://doaj.org/toc/1553-734X; https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7358 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005328 |
| URL الوصول: | https://doaj.org/article/2fecadb7dee1494ba08a436dafe8af39 |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsdoj.2fecadb7dee1494ba08a436dafe8af39 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 1553734X 15537358 |
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| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005328 |