Dissertation/ Thesis
Burning the soil to cultivate since the Neolithic : Geoarchaeological approaches to the identification of primary evidence of agro-pastoral fires (France) ; Cuire la terre pour cultiver depuis le Néolithique : approches géoarchéologiques pour la reconnaissance de témoins primaires de feux agro-pastoraux (France)
| العنوان: | Burning the soil to cultivate since the Neolithic : Geoarchaeological approaches to the identification of primary evidence of agro-pastoral fires (France) ; Cuire la terre pour cultiver depuis le Néolithique : approches géoarchéologiques pour la reconnaissance de témoins primaires de feux agro-pastoraux (France) |
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| المؤلفون: | Menbrivès, Clément |
| المساهمون: | Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, Christophe Petit, Michelle Elliott |
| المصدر: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-04634880 ; Archéologie et Préhistoire. Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2023. Français. ⟨NNT : 2023PA01H052⟩. |
| بيانات النشر: | HAL CCSD |
| سنة النشر: | 2023 |
| المجموعة: | Université Paris Lumières: HAL |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Paring-and-burning, Swidden cultivation, Slash-and-burn, Reddening, Paleosols, Archeopedology, Neolithic, Middle Ages, Écobuage, Essartage, Abattis-brûlis, Rubéfaction, Paléosols, Archéopédologie, Néolithique, Moyen-Âge, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ART]Humanities and Social Sciences/Art and art history |
| الوصف: | The identification of cultivation techniques, and more specifically of field preparation methods in ancient agriculture, is a difficult exercise. Generally, they can only be deduced from various intra-site archaeological evidence and off-site paleo-environmental data. One agrarian system often assumed for prehistoric societies is that of “slash-and-burn”. This is an agricultural technique that aims to prepare a temporary plot of land in the forest, through the use of a running fire. However, although fire produces various remnants that can last for several millennia in soil-sedimentary archives, it is extremely difficult to disentangle events linked to vegetation fires of natural origin from those of anthropogenic origin. At the same time, there are frequent references in archaeological literature about traces left by the passage of fire, which in some cases correspond to anthropogenic deforestation undertaken as part of agro-pastoral activities. These traces, described as "deforestation fireplaces" or "burnt tree throw", interpreted as the result of the burning of tree stumps, raise questions. In this work, we use geoarchaeological and archaeometric approaches (XRF, XRD, micromorphology, spectrocolorimetry, experimental firing) to characterize pedo-sedimentary traces related to such phenomena or interpreted as very high-energy catastrophic events. The results lead us to conclude that these remains are essentially residues of earth fired in covered, raised combustion structures, redeposited and more or less reworked by agricultural activities. We reject the "deforestation fireplaces" hypothesis. We interpret them as the remnants of earthen furnaces, resulting from ecobuage practices (Portères, 1972; Sigaut, 1975). This singular agricultural technique, aimed at cultivating clay soils in wet lowlands, is identified since the Neolithic period. ; L’identification des techniques agricoles, et plus précisément des méthodes de préparation du champ des agricultures anciennes est délicate. Généralement, elles ne peuvent ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | doctoral or postdoctoral thesis |
| اللغة: | French |
| Relation: | NNT: 2023PA01H052; tel-04634880; https://theses.hal.science/tel-04634880; https://theses.hal.science/tel-04634880/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-04634880/file/MENBRIVES.pdf |
| الاتاحة: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-04634880 https://theses.hal.science/tel-04634880/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-04634880/file/MENBRIVES.pdf |
| Rights: | info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.FFD20A9 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| الوصف غير متاح. |