Academic Journal
Cholera rages in Africa and the Middle East: A narrative review on challenges and solutions
| العنوان: | Cholera rages in Africa and the Middle East: A narrative review on challenges and solutions |
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| المؤلفون: | Ahmed, Abdulrahman K., Sijercic, Victor Coll, Akhtar, Mahad S., Elbayomy, Ahmed, Marouf, Mohamed A., Zeleke, Mahlet S., Sayad, Reem, Abdelshafi, Abdelrahman, Laird, Nicholas J., El‐Mokhtar, Mohamed A., Ruthig, Gregory R., Hetta, Helal F. |
| المصدر: | Health Science Reports ; volume 7, issue 5 ; ISSN 2398-8835 2398-8835 |
| بيانات النشر: | Wiley |
| سنة النشر: | 2024 |
| المجموعة: | Wiley Online Library (Open Access Articles via Crossref) |
| الوصف: | Background and Aim Cholera is a life‐threatening infectious disease that is still one of the most common acute watery diarrheal diseases in the world today. Acute diarrhea and severe dehydration brought on by cholera can cause hypovolemic shock, which can be fatal in minutes. Without competent clinical therapy, the rate of case fatality surpasses 50%. The purpose of this review was to highlight cholera challenges in Africa and the Middle East and explain the reasons for why this region is currently a fertile environment for cholera. We investigated cholera serology, epidemiology, and the geographical distribution of cholera in Africa and the Middle East in 2022 and 2023. We reviewed detection methods, such as rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), and treatments, such as antibiotics and phage therapy. Finally, this review explored oral cholera vaccines (OCVs), and the vaccine shortage crisis. Methods We carried out a systematic search in multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Embase, for studies on cholera using the following keywords: ((Cholera) OR (Vibrio cholera) and (Coronavirus) OR (COVID‐19) OR (SARS‐CoV2) OR (The Middle East) OR (Africa)). Results and Conclusions Cholera outbreaks have increased dramatically, mainly in Africa and many Middle Eastern countries. The COVID‐19 pandemic has reduced the attention devoted to cholera and disrupted diagnosis and treatment services, as well as vaccination initiatives. Most of the cholera cases in Africa and the Middle East were reported in Malawi and Syria, respectively, in 2022. RDTs are effective in the early detection of cholera epidemics, especially with limited advanced resources, which is the case in much of Africa. By offering both direct and indirect protection, expanding the use of OCV will significantly reduce the burden of current cholera outbreaks in Africa and the Middle East. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1002/hsr2.2013 |
| الاتاحة: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.2013 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hsr2.2013 |
| Rights: | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.ED535D95 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.1002/hsr2.2013 |
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