| الوصف: |
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different supplementation levels of stevia residues in high-fiber diets on the fecal microorganisms of pregnant sows. Forty-eight first-farrowing Danish Landrace sows with similar weight, age, and due date were randomly divided into four groups. The control group was fed a normal diet (CON; 3.15% crude fiber content), and the treatment groups were supplemented with 20% stevia residue (SRL), 30% stevia residue (SRM), or 40% stevia residue (SRH) stevia residue, with crude fiber content of 7.79%, 9.15%, and 10.68%, respectively. The test period was 135 days, and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing was used to test the fecal bacteria of the pregnant sows on day 56. Compared to the control group, species diversity was greater in the 30% stevia residue group. At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Spirochaetes had the greatest relative abundances; Firmicutes was most abundant in the SRM group, and Spirochaetes was most abundant in the CON group. At the genus level, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, and Treponema_2 had the highest relative abundances in the stevia-residue treatments. Among them, Lactobacillus and Treponema_2 were more abundant in SRL, Streptococcus was more abundant in SRH, and Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group was more abundant in SRM. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) showed that the bacterial species differed among the stevia residue treatments. SRL mainly included g__Lactobacillus and g__Romboutsi, SRM mainly included g__Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group and g__Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014, SRH mainly included g__Streptococcus, and CON mainly included g__Treponema_2, f__Clostridiaceae_1, g__norank_f__Muribaculaceae, and g__norank_f__p_251_o5. Stevia-residue supplementation significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as g__Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, g__Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, and g__Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005 (p < 0.05), and significantly reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria, ... |