Academic Journal
Intracerebral hemorrhage
| العنوان: | Intracerebral hemorrhage |
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| المؤلفون: | Lee, Tsong-Hai |
| المصدر: | Cerebrovascular Diseases Extra ; page 1-16 ; ISSN 1664-5456 |
| بيانات النشر: | S. Karger AG |
| سنة النشر: | 2024 |
| الوصف: | Background: Compared to ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has higher mortality and more severe disability. Asian such as Chinese and Japanese and Mexican Americans, Latin Americans, African Americans, Native Americans have higher incidences than do white Americans. So, ICH is an important cerebrovascular disease in Asia. Summary: ICH accounts for approximately 10-20% of all strokes. The incidence of ICH is higher in low- and middle-income than high-income countries and is estimated 8-15% in western countries like USA, UK and Australia, and 18-24% in Japan, Taiwan and Korea. The ICH incidence increases exponentially with age, and old age especially over 80 years is a major predictor of mortality independent of ICH severity. Females are older at the onset of ICH and have higher clinical severity than males. Modifiable risk factors include blood pressure, smoking, alcohol consumption, lipid profiles, use of anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents and sympathomimetic drugs. Non-modifiable risk factors constitute old age, male gender, Asian ethnicity, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, cerebral microbleed, and chronic kidney disease. Blood pressure is the most important risk factor of ICH. Imaging markers may help predict ICH outcome, which include black hole sign, blend sign, iodine sign, island sign, leakage sign, satellite sign, spot sign, spot-tail sign, swirl sign, and hypodensities. ICH prognostic scoring system such as ICH scoring system and ICH grading scale scoring system in Chinese and Osaka prognostic score and Naples prognostic score has been used to predict ICH outcome. Early minimally invasive removal of ICH can be recommended for lobar ICH of 30–80 mL within 24 hours after onset. Decompressive craniectomy without clot evacuation might benefit ICH patients aged 18–75 years with 30–100 mL at basal ganglia or thalamus. However, clinical studies are needed to investigate the effect of surgery on patients with smaller or larger ICH, ICH in non-lobar locations, and for older patients or patients with ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1159/000542566 |
| DOI: | 10.1159/000542566/4301779/000542566.pdf |
| الاتاحة: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000542566 https://karger.com/cee/article-pdf/doi/10.1159/000542566/4301779/000542566.pdf |
| Rights: | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ ; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.D7B946CD |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.1159/000542566 |
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