التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Cortical activity and proposed mechanisms for active listening to noise-vocoded and masked speech. |
| المؤلفون: |
Heivet Hernández-Pérez (11587275), Jason Mikiel-Hunter (3343106), David McAlpine (451835), Sumitrajit Dhar (225118), Sriram Boothalingam (789433), Jessica J. M. Monaghan (11587278), Catherine M. McMahon (11508154) |
| سنة النشر: |
2021 |
| المجموعة: |
Smithsonian Institution: Digital Repository |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
Science Policy, Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified, navigate &# 8220, complex listening tasks, ci )&# 8212, higher auditory centres, auditory scene prior, either intrinsically degraded, auditory subcortical nuclei, speech cues peripherally, extrinsic acoustic energy, moc reflex based, auditory system, auditory pathway, subcortical circuits, intrinsically noisy, energy envelope, acoustic waveform, reflex modulate, moc reflex, brainstem reflex, %22">xlink ">, speech degradation, significantly activated, salient features, perceptual gating, pathway underlying, often considered, naturally spoken, mimics processing |
| الوصف: |
(A) ERP components (from electrodes: FZ, F3, F4, CZ, C3, C4, TP7, TP8, T7, T8, PZ, P3, and P4) during the active listening of Voc8, BN5, and SSN3. Electrodes’ selection was based on their relevance in attentional and language brain networks [ 93 – 97 ]. Thick lines and shaded areas represent mean and the SEM, respectively. Boxplots on the right show statistical comparisons between speech conditions for P2, N400, and LPC components. (B) Proposed auditory efferent mechanisms for speech processing. The “single stream” mechanism shows how degraded tokens such as noise-vocoded speech are processed in a mostly feed-forward manner (thick black arrows) (as should be the case for natural speech). The activation of the MOC reflex (dark green arrow) improves the AN representation of speech envelope (black arrow, from the cochlea shown as a spiral). This information passes up the auditory centres without much need to “denoise” the signal (represented as black arrows from the brainstem to midbrain to cortex). Given our observation that cochlear gain suppression increased with task difficulty, we included the possibility for enhanced MOC reflex drive from higher auditory regions via corticofugal connections (dark red arrows). By contrast, “multiple streams” such as speech in BN or SSN do not recruit the MOC reflex (light green arrow) because it negatively affects envelope encoding of speech signals (light grey arrows from cochlea–brainstem–midbrain). We therefore propose that corticofugal drive is suppressed to the MOC reflex (shaded red arrow), resulting in weaker MOC reflex activation (light green arrow). This leaves greater responsibility for speech signal extraction to the midbrain, cortex, and the efferent loop therein (corticofugal connections from AC to midbrain: dark red arrow). Both mechanisms ultimately lead to equal behavioural performance across speech conditions. The underlying data can be found in https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.3ffbg79fw . AC, auditory cortex; AN, auditory nerve; ERP, event-related potential; ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: |
still image |
| اللغة: |
unknown |
| Relation: |
https://figshare.com/articles/figure/Cortical_activity_and_proposed_mechanisms_for_active_listening_to_noise-vocoded_and_masked_speech_/16839594 |
| DOI: |
10.1371/journal.pbio.3001439.g003 |
| الاتاحة: |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3001439.g003 |
| Rights: |
CC BY 4.0 |
| رقم الانضمام: |
edsbas.C95FBDF0 |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
BASE |