Academic Journal
Agrarian changes in the Nepalese lowlands: local actors and the state
| العنوان: | Agrarian changes in the Nepalese lowlands: local actors and the state |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Aubriot, Olivia, Bruslé, Tristan |
| بيانات النشر: | CNRS - UPR 299 - Centre d'Etudes Himalayennes European Bulletin of Himalayan Research |
| سنة النشر: | 2023 |
| المجموعة: | OpenEdition |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Nepal, Tarai, agriculture, irrigation, land use, state, local actors, Népal, Téraï, utilisation des sols, état, acteurs locaux |
| الوصف: | This article presents a historical reconstruction of the development of the Tarai plain, which has been central to Nepal’s agricultural policy. It focuses on the role of the state and the involvement of local actors in this development to show how state policies benefited some actors while excluding others. Starting in the eighteenth century, a critical period in the structuring of society and in the establishment of the elite, we show how the state selected its rural interlocutors according to specific characteristics during four historical phases characterised by dominant development paradigms. Firstly, from the unification of Nepal (late eighteenth century) to 1950 when land policies structured the relationship between the state and farmers. Secondly, in the 1950s–80s when public policies focused on collective infrastructures. Thirdly, from the mid-1980s to the 2000s when the participatory management paradigm emerged. Finally, from the 2000s onwards with market-oriented agriculture and the increase in development actors and a very relative disengagement of the state. We show that the current trend is towards individualising access to water, individualising access to state-offered aid, and de facto exclusion of the disadvantaged from specific development programmes, with only a few NGOs countering this trend. ; Cet article retrace l’histoire du développement de la plaine du Téraï qui a été au cœur de la politique agricole du Népal. Il met l'accent sur le rôle de l'État et l'implication des acteurs locaux dans ce développement afin de montrer comment les politiques de l'État ont bénéficié à certains acteurs et en ont exclu d’autres. En commençant notre étude au XVIIIème siècle, période critique dans la structuration de la société et dans la constitution de l'élite, nous montrons comment l'État a sélectionné ses interlocuteurs en milieu rural en fonction de caractéristiques spécifiques au cours de quatre phases historiques caractérisées chacune par un paradigme de développement dominant. Tout d’abord, depuis ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| Relation: | info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/0943-8254; info:eu-repo/semantics/reference/issn/2823-6114; urn:doi:10.4000/ebhr.1633; https://journals.openedition.org/ebhr/1633 |
| الاتاحة: | https://journals.openedition.org/ebhr/1633 |
| Rights: | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.B9CC5C3 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| الوصف غير متاح. |