Academic Journal
Low concentrations of silver nanoparticles in biosolids cause adverse ecosystem responses under realistic field scenario.
| العنوان: | Low concentrations of silver nanoparticles in biosolids cause adverse ecosystem responses under realistic field scenario. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Benjamin P Colman, Christina L Arnaout, Sarah Anciaux, Claudia K Gunsch, Michael F Hochella, Bojeong Kim, Gregory V Lowry, Bonnie M McGill, Brian C Reinsch, Curtis J Richardson, Jason M Unrine, Justin P Wright, Liyan Yin, Emily S Bernhardt |
| المصدر: | PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 2, p e57189 (2013) |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| سنة النشر: | 2013 |
| المجموعة: | Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Medicine, Science |
| الوصف: | A large fraction of engineered nanomaterials in consumer and commercial products will reach natural ecosystems. To date, research on the biological impacts of environmental nanomaterial exposures has largely focused on high-concentration exposures in mechanistic lab studies with single strains of model organisms. These results are difficult to extrapolate to ecosystems, where exposures will likely be at low-concentrations and which are inhabited by a diversity of organisms. Here we show adverse responses of plants and microorganisms in a replicated long-term terrestrial mesocosm field experiment following a single low dose of silver nanoparticles (0.14 mg Ag kg(-1) soil) applied via a likely route of exposure, sewage biosolid application. While total aboveground plant biomass did not differ between treatments receiving biosolids, one plant species, Microstegium vimeneum, had 32 % less biomass in the Slurry+AgNP treatment relative to the Slurry only treatment. Microorganisms were also affected by AgNP treatment, which gave a significantly different community composition of bacteria in the Slurry+AgNPs as opposed to the Slurry treatment one day after addition as analyzed by T-RFLP analysis of 16S-rRNA genes. After eight days, N2O flux was 4.5 fold higher in the Slurry+AgNPs treatment than the Slurry treatment. After fifty days, community composition and N2O flux of the Slurry+AgNPs treatment converged with the Slurry. However, the soil microbial extracellular enzymes leucine amino peptidase and phosphatase had 52 and 27% lower activities, respectively, while microbial biomass was 35% lower than the Slurry. We also show that the magnitude of these responses was in all cases as large as or larger than the positive control, AgNO3, added at 4-fold the Ag concentration of the silver nanoparticles. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1932-6203 |
| Relation: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3584129?pdf=render; https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203; https://doaj.org/article/d22a654adee9446abfb7622cdc829977 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0057189 |
| الاتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0057189 https://doaj.org/article/d22a654adee9446abfb7622cdc829977 |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.A01CBF9C |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 19326203 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0057189 |