Academic Journal
Activation of Toll-like receptor 7/8 encoded by the X chromosome alters sperm motility and provides a novel simple technology for sexing sperm
| العنوان: | Activation of Toll-like receptor 7/8 encoded by the X chromosome alters sperm motility and provides a novel simple technology for sexing sperm |
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| المؤلفون: | Umehara, Takashi, Tsujita, Natsumi, Shimada, Masayuki |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| المجموعة: | Hiroshima University: Institutional Repository (HiR) / 広島大学学術情報リポジトリ |
| الوصف: | In most mammals, the male to female sex ratio of offspring is about 50% because half of the sperm contain either the Y chromosome or X chromosome. In mice, the Y chromosome encodes fewer than 700 genes, whereas the X chromosome encodes over 3,000 genes. Although overall gene expression is lower in sperm than in somatic cells, transcription is activated selectively in round spermatids. By regulating the expression of specific genes, we hypothesized that the X chromosome might exert functional differences in sperm that are usually masked during fertilization. In this study, we found that Toll-like receptors 7/8 (TLR7/8) coding the X chromosome were expressed by approximately 50% of the round spermatids in testis and in approximately 50% of the epididymal sperm. Especially, TLR7 was localized to the tail, and TLR8 was localized to the midpiece. Ligand activation of TLR7/8 selectively suppressed the mobility of the X chromosome–bearing sperm (X-sperm) but not the Y-sperm without altering sperm viability or acrosome formation. The difference in sperm motility allowed for the separation of Y-sperm from X-sperm. Following in vitro fertilization using the ligand-selected high-mobility sperm, 90% of the embryos were XY male. Likewise, 83% of the pups obtained following embryo transfer were XY males. Conversely, the TLR7/8-activated, slow mobility sperm produced embryos and pups that were 81% XX females. Therefore, the functional differences between Y-sperm and X-sperm motility were revealed and related to different gene expression patterns, specifically TLR7/8 on X-sperm. ; This work was supported in part by Livestock Promotional Funds of Japan Racing Association (JRA) and by Hiroshima Cryopreservation Service Co. (to MS). |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| Relation: | PLoS Biology, 17(8), e3000398; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000398 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000398 |
| الاتاحة: | http://ir.lib.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/00048136 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000398 |
| Rights: | © 2019 Umehara et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.9A433DBB |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000398 |
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