التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
Horse Grimace Scale Does Not Detect Pain in Horses with Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome |
| المؤلفون: |
Gustavo Ferlini Agne, Bridget Eileen May, Amy Lovett, Olivier Simon, Catherine Steel, Luiz Santos, Laize Guedes do Carmo, Bianca Barbosa, Laís Cristine Werner, Ruan R. Daros, Andrew A. Somogyi, Benjamin Sykes, Samantha Franklin |
| المصدر: |
Animals; Volume 13; Issue 10; Pages: 1623 |
| بيانات النشر: |
Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute |
| سنة النشر: |
2023 |
| المجموعة: |
MDPI Open Access Publishing |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
horse grimace scale, grimace, pain behaviours, pain scale, horse welfare, equine gastric ulcer, squamous gastric disease, glandular gastric disease |
| جغرافية الموضوع: |
agris |
| الوصف: |
Equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS) is a highly prevalent and presumptively painful condition, although the amount of pain horses might experience is currently unknown. The aims of this study were to determine if the Horse Grimace Scale (HGS) could identify pain behaviours in horses with and without EGUS and if severity would be positively associated with the HGS score. Horse grimace scale scores were assessed blindly using facial photographs by seven observers and involved evaluation of 6 facial action units as 0 (not present), 1 (moderately present) and 2 (obviously present). Lameness examination, serum amyloid A (SAA) measurement and gastroscopy evaluation were performed on all horses. Horses (n = 61) were divided into two and three groups based on the presence (yes, no) and severity (none, mild, moderate-severe) of EGUS, respectively. Presence of lameness and elevated SAA (≥50 µg/mL) were used as exclusion criteria. Inter-observer reliability was analyzed by intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). HGS scores between groups were compared using Welch’s and Brown Forsythe tests (p < 0.05). Overall, HGS ICC was “excellent” (0.75). No significant differences (p = 0.566) were observed in HGS scores between horses with and without gastric lesions (mean, 95% CI; 3.36, 2.76–3.95 and 3, 1.79–4.20, respectively). HGS was not influenced by the presence or severity of EGUS in this current study. Further studies investigating the use of different pain scales in horses with EGUS are needed. |
| نوع الوثيقة: |
text |
| وصف الملف: |
application/pdf |
| اللغة: |
English |
| Relation: |
Equids; https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13101623 |
| DOI: |
10.3390/ani13101623 |
| الاتاحة: |
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13101623 |
| Rights: |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| رقم الانضمام: |
edsbas.3FA00ECF |
| قاعدة البيانات: |
BASE |