Academic Journal
Progressive Dopamine Neuron Loss in Parkinson's Disease: The Multiple Hit Hypothesis
| العنوان: | Progressive Dopamine Neuron Loss in Parkinson's Disease: The Multiple Hit Hypothesis |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Carvey, Paul M., Punati, Ashok, Newman, Mary B. |
| المصدر: | Cell Transplantation ; volume 15, issue 3, page 239-250 ; ISSN 0963-6897 1555-3892 |
| بيانات النشر: | SAGE Publications |
| سنة النشر: | 2006 |
| الوصف: | Animal models have been an essential tool for researchers and clinicians in their efforts to study and treat Parkinson's disease (PD). Thus, the various ways 6-hydroxydopamine is employed, the use of MPTP in rodents and nonhuman primates, the prenatal exposure to bacterial endotoxin, the postnatal exposure to environmental toxins such as paraquat and rotenone, the assessment of dopamine (DA) neurons in genetic knockout mouse, and even the behavioral analysis of fruit flies and worms have added significantly to our knowledge base of PD—or have they? Are these animal models manifesting a true model of PD? Have the 7786 published studies (to date) on PD with animal models led to a clearer understanding of its etiology, treatment, or progression? In this review we critically assess this question. We begin with a succinct history of the major contributions, which have led to the current animal models of PD. We then evaluate the primary issue of the progressive loss of DA neurons, which, except for a few studies, has not been addressed in animal models of PD, even though this is the major pathological characteristic of the disease. Lastly, we discuss the possibility that more than one risk factor for PD may be necessary to develop an animal model that shows synergy—the progressive loss of DA neurons. Thus, the multiple hit hypothesis of PD—that is, the effect of more then one risk factor—may be the start of new era in animal models of PD that is one step closer to mimicking the pathology of PD in humans. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| DOI: | 10.3727/000000006783981990 |
| الاتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.3727/000000006783981990 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.3727/000000006783981990 |
| Rights: | http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.35958B86 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.3727/000000006783981990 |
|---|