Academic Journal
The Effects of Upper-Ocean Sea Temperatures and Salinity on the Intensity Change of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific and the South China Sea: An Observational Study
| العنوان: | The Effects of Upper-Ocean Sea Temperatures and Salinity on the Intensity Change of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific and the South China Sea: An Observational Study |
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| المؤلفون: | Pak-Wai Chan, Ching-Chi Lam, Tai-Wai Hui, Zhigang Gao, Hongli Fu, Chunjian Sun, Hui Su |
| المصدر: | Atmosphere, Vol 15, Iss 6, p 674 (2024) |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI AG |
| سنة النشر: | 2024 |
| المجموعة: | Directory of Open Access Journals: DOAJ Articles |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | tropical cyclone, rapid intensification, sea-surface temperature, salinity stratification, Pearl River Delta, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999 |
| الوصف: | With increasing air and sea temperatures, the thermodynamic environments over the oceans are becoming more favourable for the development of intense tropical cyclones (TCs) with rapid intensification (RI). The South China coastal region consists of highly densely populated cities, especially over the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region. Intense TCs maintaining their strength or the RI of TCs close to the coastal region can present substantial forecasting challenges and have significant potential impacts on the coastal population. This study investigates the effect of sea-surface and sub-surface temperatures and salinity on the intensification of five TCs, namely Super Typhoon Hato in 2017, Super Typhoon Mangkhut in 2018, and Typhoon Talim, Super Typhoon Saola, and Severe Typhoon Koinu in 2023, which have significantly affected the South China coastal region and triggered high TC warning signals in Hong Kong in the past few years. This analysis utilised the Hong Kong Observatory’s TC best-track and intensity data, along with sea temperature and salinity profiles generated using the China Ocean ReAnalysis version 2 (CORA2) product from the National Marine Data and Information Service of China. It was found that high sea-surface temperatures (SST) of 30 °C or above for a depth of about 20 m, low sea-surface salinity (SSS) levels of 33.8 psu or below for a depth of at least 20 m, and strong salinity stratification of at least 0.6 psu per 100 m depth might offer useful hints for predicting the RI of TCs over the western North Pacific and the South China Sea (SCS) in operational forecasting, while noting other contributing environmental factors and synoptic flow patterns conducive to RI. This study represents the first documentation of sub-surface salinity’s impact on some intense TCs traversing the SCS during 2017–2023 based on an observational study. Our aim is to supplement operational techniques for forecasting RI with some quantitative guidance based on upper-level ocean observations of temperatures and salinity, on ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 2073-4433 |
| Relation: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/15/6/674; https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4433; https://doaj.org/article/a79a4f536d2d4b5fb1a1c326b15a3ac6 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/atmos15060674 |
| الاتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15060674 https://doaj.org/article/a79a4f536d2d4b5fb1a1c326b15a3ac6 |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.3306E40A |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
Full Text Finder | تدمد: | 20734433 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/atmos15060674 |