Academic Journal
Aerosol indirect effects
| العنوان: | Aerosol indirect effects |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Quaas, Johannes, Ming, Yi, Menon, Surabi, Takemura, Toshihiko, Wang, M., Penner, Joyce E., Gettelman, Andrew, Lohmann, Ulrike, Bellouin, Nicolas, Boucher, Olivier, Sayer, Andrew M., Thomas, G. E., McComiskey, Allison, Feingold, Graham, Hoose, Corinna, Kristjansson, Jon Egill, Liu, Xiaohong, Balkanski, Yves, Donner, Leo J., Ginoux, Paul A., Stier, Philip, Grandey, Benjamin, Feichter, Johann, Sednev, Igor, Bauer, Susanne E., Koch, Dorothy, Grainger, Roy Gordon, Kirkevag, Alf, Iversen, Trond, Seland, Ø., Easter, Richard, Ghan, Steven J., Rasch, Philip J., Morrison, Hugh, Lamarque, Jean-Francois, Iacono, Michael J., Kinne, Sebastian, Schulz, M. |
| المساهمون: | Copernicus Publications, Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory/NOAA, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Goddard Institute for Space Studies/NASA, Kyushu University, University of Michigan, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Met Office Hadley Centre, University of Oxford, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory, University of Oslo, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement/IPSL, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Atmospheric and Environmental Research Inc. |
| المصدر: | Atmospheric chemistry and physics (2009) 9, S. 8697-8717 |
| سنة النشر: | 2015 |
| المجموعة: | Universität Leipzig: Qucosa |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/551, ddc:551, Klima, Atmosphäre, Wolken, Aerosol, climate, atmosphere, clouds |
| الوصف: | Aerosol indirect effects continue to constitute one of the most important uncertainties for anthropogenic climate perturbations. Within the international AEROCOM initiative, the representation of aerosol-cloud-radiation interactions in ten different general circulation models (GCMs) is evaluated using three satellite datasets. The focus is on stratiform liquid water clouds since most GCMs do not include ice nucleation effects, and none of the model explicitly parameterises aerosol effects on convective clouds. We compute statistical relationships between aerosol optical depth (tau a) and various cloud and radiation quantities in a manner that is consistent between the models and the satellite data. cloud droplet number concentration (N d) compares relatively well to the satellite data at least over the ocean. The relationship between (tau a) and liquid water path is simulated much too strongly by the models. This suggests that the implementation of the second aerosol indirect effect mainly in terms of an autoconversion parameterisation has to be revisited in the GCMs. A positive relationship between total cloud fraction (fcld) and tau a as found in the satellite data is simulated by the majority of the models, albeit less strongly than that in the satellite data in most of them. In a discussion of the hypotheses proposed in the literature to explain the satellite-derived strong fcld–tau a relationship, our results indicate that none can be identified as a unique explanation. Relationships similar to the ones found in satellite data between tau a and cloud top temperature or outgoing long-wave radiation (OLR) are simulated by only a few GCMs. The GCMs that simulate a negative OLR - tau a relationship show a strong positive correlation between tau a and fcld. The short-wave total aerosol radiative forcing as simulated by the GCMs is strongly influenced by the simulated anthropogenic fraction of tau a, and parameterisation assumptions such as a lower bound on Nd. Nevertheless, the strengths of the statistical ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| Relation: | urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-186329; https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13849; https://ul.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A13849/attachment/ATT-0/ |
| الاتاحة: | https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-186329 https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A13849 https://ul.qucosa.de/api/qucosa%3A13849/attachment/ATT-0/ |
| Rights: | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.29B79263 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| الوصف غير متاح. |