Academic Journal
An investigation of the effects of a hand washing intervention on health outcomes and school absence using a randomised trial in Indian urban communities
| العنوان: | An investigation of the effects of a hand washing intervention on health outcomes and school absence using a randomised trial in Indian urban communities |
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| المؤلفون: | Nicholson, Julie A., Naeeni, Mojgan, Hoptroff, Michael, Matheson, Jane R., Roberts, Anthony J., Taylor, David, Sidibe, Myriam, Weir, Anthony J., Damle, Satyawan G., Wright, Richard L. |
| المساهمون: | Unilever plc |
| المصدر: | Tropical Medicine & International Health ; volume 19, issue 3, page 284-292 ; ISSN 1360-2276 1365-3156 |
| بيانات النشر: | Wiley |
| سنة النشر: | 2014 |
| المجموعة: | Wiley Online Library (Open Access Articles via Crossref) |
| الوصف: | Objectives To evaluate how an intervention, which combined hand washing promotion aimed at 5‐year‐olds with provision of free soap, affected illnesses among the children and their families and children's school absenteeism. Methods We monitored illnesses, including diarrhoea and acute respiratory infections ( ARI s), school absences and soap consumption for 41 weeks in 70 low‐income communities in Mumbai, India (35 communities per arm). Results Outcomes from 847 intervention households (containing 847 5‐year‐olds and 4863 subjects in total) and 833 control households (containing 833 5‐year‐olds and 4812 subjects) were modelled using negative binomial regression. Intervention group 5‐year‐olds had fewer episodes of diarrhoea (−25%, 95% confidence intervals [ CI ] = −37%, −2%), ARI s (−15%, 95% CI = −30%, −8%), school absences due to illnesses (−27%, 95% CI = −41%, −18%) and eye infections (−46%, 95% CI = −58%, −31%). Further, there were fewer episodes of diarrhoea and ARI s in the intervention group for ‘whole families’ (−31%, 95% CI = −37%, −5%; and −14%, 95% CI = −23%, −6%, respectively), 6‐ to 15‐year‐olds (−30%, 95% CI = −39%, −7%; and −15%, 95% CI = −24%, −6%) and under 5 s (−32%, 95% CI = −41%, −4%; and −20%, 95% CI = −29%, −8%). Conclusions Direct‐contact hand washing interventions aimed at younger school‐aged children can affect the health of the whole family. These may be scalable through public–private partnerships and classroom‐based campaigns. Further work is required to understand the conditions under which health benefits are transferred and the mechanisms for transference. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1111/tmi.12254 |
| الاتاحة: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/tmi.12254 https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1111%2Ftmi.12254 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/tmi.12254 |
| Rights: | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.1BB6B24C |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.1111/tmi.12254 |
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