Report
Constraining the ISM properties of the Cloverleaf quasar host galaxy with Herschel spectroscopy
| العنوان: | Constraining the ISM properties of the Cloverleaf quasar host galaxy with Herschel spectroscopy |
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| المؤلفون: | Uzgil, Bade D., Bradford, C. Matt, Hailey-Dunsheath, Steve, Maloney, Philip R., Aguirre, James E. |
| سنة النشر: | 2016 |
| المجموعة: | Astrophysics |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies |
| الوصف: | We present Herschel observations of far-infrared (FIR) fine-structure (FS) lines [CII]158$\mu$m, [OI]63$\mu$m, [OIII]52$\mu$m, and [SiII]35$\mu$m in the z=2.56 Cloverleaf quasar, and combine them with published data in an analysis of the dense interstellar medium (ISM) in this system. Observed [CII]158$\mu$m, [OI]63$\mu$m, and FIR continuum flux ratios are reproduced with photodissociation region (PDR) models characterized by moderate far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation fields $G_0=$ 0.3-1$\times10^3$ and atomic gas densities $n_{\rm H}=$ 3-5$\times10^3$ cm$^{-3}$, depending on contributions to [CII]158$\mu$m from ionized gas. We assess the contribution to [CII]158$\mu$m flux from an active galactic nucleus (AGN) narrow line region (NLR) using ground-based measurements of the [NII]122$\mu$m transition, finding that the NLR can contribute at most 20-30% of the observed [CII]158$\mu$m flux. The PDR density and far-UV radiation fields inferred from the atomic lines are not consistent with the CO emission, indicating that the molecular gas excitation is not solely provided via UV-heating from local star-formation, but requires an additional heating source. X-ray heating from the AGN is explored, and we find that X-ray dominated region (XDR) models, in combination with PDR models, can match the CO cooling without overproducing observed FS line emission. While this XDR/PDR solution is favored given the evidence for both X-rays and star-formation in the Cloverleaf, we also investigate alternatives for the warm molecular gas, finding that either mechanical heating via low-velocity shocks or an enhanced cosmic-ray ionization rate may also contribute. Finally, we include upper limits on two other measurements attempted in the Herschel program: [CII]158$\mu$m in FSC~10214 and [OI]63$\mu$m in APM~08279+5255. Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ |
| نوع الوثيقة: | Working Paper |
| DOI: | 10.3847/0004-637X/832/2/209 |
| URL الوصول: | http://arxiv.org/abs/1610.00347 |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsarx.1610.00347 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | arXiv |
| DOI: | 10.3847/0004-637X/832/2/209 |
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