Effect of reducing the ratio of omega-6-to-omega-3 fatty acids in diets of low protein quality on nursery pig growth performance and immune response
| العنوان: | Effect of reducing the ratio of omega-6-to-omega-3 fatty acids in diets of low protein quality on nursery pig growth performance and immune response |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Cornelis F M de Lange, Niel A. Karrow, Rebecca E. Fisher-Heffernan, Seema Hooda, Lee-Anne Huber |
| المصدر: | Journal of Animal Science. 96:4348-4359 |
| بيانات النشر: | Oxford University Press (OUP), 2018. |
| سنة النشر: | 2018 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Male, 0301 basic medicine, Low protein, Swine, medicine.medical_treatment, Soybean meal, Weaning, Weight Gain, Zea mays, Random Allocation, 03 medical and health sciences, Fish Oils, Animal science, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Diet, Protein-Restricted, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Saline, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0402 animal and dairy science, Fatty acid, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Fish oil, Animal Feed, 040201 dairy & animal science, Non ruminant Nutrition, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, Dietary Supplements, Female, Animal Science and Zoology, Corn Oil, Soybeans, medicine.symptom, Weight gain, Corn oil, Food Science |
| الوصف: | A total of 240 newly weaned pigs (5.25 ± 0.15 kg BW) were used to determine the dietary omega-6-to-omega-3 (ω-6:ω-3) fatty acid ratio that optimized growth performance and immune responses when fed corn and soybean meal (SBM)-based diets with low protein quality. Pigs were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments (n = 6 pens per treatment; day 0 of study): [1] positive control (High; included animal proteins and 5% corn oil), [2] negative control (Low0; corn- and SBM-based and 5% corn oil), or 1 of 3 Low diets with increasing supplementation of fish oil to replace corn oil: [3] 1.25% (Low1.25), [4] 2.5% (Low2.5), [5] 5% (Low5) to achieve 5:1, 3:1, and 1:1 ω-6:ω-3 ratios, respectively. Pigs were fed dietary treatments in 2 phases for 7 and 14 d, respectively, followed by a common phase III diet for 21 d. On day 6 and 20, 12 pigs per treatment were immune sensitized with 0.5 mg ovalbumin (OVA) and 0.5 mg Quil A adjuvant in 1 mL saline. The dermal hypersensitivity response (DHR) was evaluated on day 40 in these same pigs, using intradermal injection of OVA; changes in skin-fold thickness were measured. On day 21, 4 pigs per pen were immune challenged with LPS (30 µg Escherichia coli LPS per kg BW) or saline (n = 12); rectal temperature was monitored over 3 h. During phase I only, ADG, ADFI, and G:F were greater for pigs fed the High diet vs. those fed the Low diet (P < 0.05), and increased with increasing fish oil supplementation up to 2.5% (Low2.5), but decreased for pigs fed the Low5 diet (quadratic; P < 0.05, P = 0.086, and P < 0.05 for ADG, ADFI, and G:F, respectively). On day 21, LPS increased rectal temperature (vs. saline at 1-, 2-, and 3-h post-challenge; P < 0.001); fish oil supplementation reduced rectal temperature 2-h post-challenge in the Low-fed pigs (linear; P < 0.05). On day 22, serum haptoglobin was greatest for pigs fed Low0 and decreased with increasing fish oil supplementation (linear; P < 0.05). Immunization with OVA induced a serum anti-OVA IgG response, which was reduced on day 34 among pigs fed Low diets with increasing fish oil supplementation (linear; P = 0.050). On day 40, and 6 h after intradermal injection of OVA, the DHR was least for pigs fed the Low2.5 diet (P < 0.05). Inclusion of 2.5% fish oil (3:1, ω-6:ω-3) optimized growth performance during the early nursery phase when pigs were most sensitive to diets with low protein quality; the ideal ω-6-to-ω-3 fatty acid ratio may differ when using immune responses as the major outcome. |
| تدمد: | 1525-3163 0021-8812 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/jas/sky296 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::d627e6b95bee88c6256bf9165ed823d7 https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/sky296 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....d627e6b95bee88c6256bf9165ed823d7 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 15253163 00218812 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.1093/jas/sky296 |