Emergency cases are rare events in the paediatric emergency department. Nevertheless, paediatricians working at the emergency department should be able to provide the appropriate pharmacological intervention. This retrospective study, performed at the paediatric emergency department of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste (Italy), analysed 251 emergency cases. The most frequently reported emergencies were related to respiratory and neurological diseases. Oxygen, bronchodilators, fluids and anticonvulsants were the drugs most frequent-ly administered. The results were discussed according to the recent literature evidence.