Healthcare associated infections in surgical procedures have long been the focus of scientific research. In Germany, more than 225,000 patients suffer from such infections each year [1]. However, the reduction of the microbiological contamination is not only limited by cleaning and disinfecting measures. The choice of the ventilation system in the operating room or the type of the clothing of the personnel during the operation is also an important factor contributing to patient safety and infection control. Currently there are different approaches for assessing the hygienic situation in an operating room. In Germany, the air quality and cleanliness is evaluated by the DIN 1946-4: 2008-12 [2] and is based on the measurement of particles in the operating theatre. Other countries i.eSweden. focus on the biological contamination and use microbiological methods for the assessment and surveillance of the operating room ventilation (SIS-TS 39: 2015) [3].