Depth- and temperature-specific fatty acid adaptations in ctenophores from extreme habitats
| العنوان: | Depth- and temperature-specific fatty acid adaptations in ctenophores from extreme habitats |
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| المؤلفون: | Steven H. D. Haddock, Jacob R. Winnikoff, Itay Budin |
| المصدر: | The Journal of Experimental Biology article-version (VoR) Version of Record |
| بيانات النشر: | The Company of Biologists, 2021. |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Physiology, Hydrostatic pressure, Biochemical adaptation, Aquatic Science, Biology, Deep sea, Membrane Lipids, Water column, Pressure, Temperate climate, Animals, Molecular Biology, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Refugium (fishkeeping), chemistry.chemical_classification, Ecology, Ctenophora, Fatty Acids, Temperature, Fatty acid, Marine invertebrates, Ctenophores, Lipids, chemistry, Insect Science, Animal Science and Zoology, Research Article, Polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| الوصف: | Animals are known to regulate the composition of their cell membranes to maintain key biophysical properties in response to changes in temperature. For deep-sea marine organisms, high hydrostatic pressure represents an additional, yet much more poorly understood, perturbant of cell membrane structure. Previous studies in fish and marine microbes have reported correlations with temperature and depth of membrane-fluidizing lipid components, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids. Because little has been done to isolate the separate effects of temperature and pressure on the lipid pool, it is still not understood whether these two environmental factors elicit independent or overlapping biochemical adaptive responses. Here, we use the taxonomic and habitat diversity of the phylum Ctenophora to test whether distinct low-temperature and high-pressure signatures can be detected in fatty acid profiles. We measured the fatty acid composition of 105 individual ctenophores, representing 21 species, from deep and shallow Arctic, temperate, and tropical sampling locales (sea surface temperature, −2° to 28°C). In tropical and temperate regions, remotely operated submersibles (ROVs) enabled sampling down to 4000 m. We found that among specimens with body temperatures 7.5°C or colder, depth predicted fatty acid unsaturation levels. In contrast, in the upper 200 m of the water column, temperature predicted fatty acid chain lengths. Taken together, our findings suggest that lipid metabolism may be specialized with respect to multiple physical variables in diverse marine environments. Largely distinct modes of adaptation to depth and cold imply that polar marine invertebrates may not find a ready refugium from climate change in the deep. Summary: Global sampling of comb jellies reveals distinct fatty acid compositions in cold versus deep habitats, suggesting that high hydrostatic pressure requires specialized adaptation of lipid membranes. |
| تدمد: | 1477-9145 0022-0949 |
| DOI: | 10.1242/jeb.242800 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::a794667d803d9a96020d58bb2ec2270f https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.242800 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....a794667d803d9a96020d58bb2ec2270f |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 14779145 00220949 |
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| DOI: | 10.1242/jeb.242800 |