Statistics of solar wind electron breakpoint energies using machine learning techniques
| العنوان: | Statistics of solar wind electron breakpoint energies using machine learning techniques |
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| المؤلفون: | Téo Bloch, Daniel Verscharen, Andrew Walsh, Mayur R. Bakrania, A. W. Smith, Clare E. J. Watt, I. J. Rae |
| المصدر: | Astronomy & Astrophysics. 639:A46 |
| بيانات النشر: | EDP Sciences, 2020. |
| سنة النشر: | 2020 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Physics, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Breakpoint, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Plasma, Electron, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Physics - Plasma Physics, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Computational physics, Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph), Methods statistical, Solar wind, Physics - Space Physics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences |
| الوصف: | Solar wind electron velocity distributions at 1 au consist of a thermal "core" population and two suprathermal populations: "halo" and "strahl". The core and halo are quasi-isotropic, whereas the strahl typically travels radially outwards along the parallel and/or anti-parallel direction with respect to the interplanetary magnetic field. With Cluster-PEACE data, we analyse energy and pitch angle distributions and use machine learning techniques to provide robust classifications of these solar wind populations. Initially, we use unsupervised algorithms to classify halo and strahl differential energy flux distributions to allow us to calculate relative number densities, which are of the same order as previous results. Subsequently, we apply unsupervised algorithms to phase space density distributions over ten years to study the variation of halo and strahl breakpoint energies with solar wind parameters. In our statistical study, we find both halo and strahl suprathermal breakpoint energies display a significant increase with core temperature, with the halo exhibiting a more positive correlation than the strahl. We conclude low energy strahl electrons are scattering into the core at perpendicular pitch angles. This increases the number of Coulomb collisions and extends the perpendicular core population to higher energies, resulting in a larger difference between halo and strahl breakpoint energies at higher core temperatures. Statistically, the locations of both suprathermal breakpoint energies decrease with increasing solar wind speed. In the case of halo breakpoint energy, we observe two distinct profiles above and below 500 km/s. We relate this to the difference in origin of fast and slow solar wind. Comment: Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 11 pages, 10 figures |
| تدمد: | 1432-0746 0004-6361 |
| DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/202037840 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::93d65d07615de7dc6de4433784ea6b10 https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037840 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....93d65d07615de7dc6de4433784ea6b10 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 14320746 00046361 |
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| DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/202037840 |