Population-Level Persistence of Immunity 2 Years After the PsA-TT Mass-Vaccination Campaign in Mali
| العنوان: | Population-Level Persistence of Immunity 2 Years After the PsA-TT Mass-Vaccination Campaign in Mali |
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| المؤلفون: | Kelly Townsend, Ray Borrow, Awa Traoré Eps Dembélé, Xilian Bai, Samba O. Sow, Uma Onwuchekwa, Nicole E. Basta, Helen Findlow, Abdoulaye Berthe, Rahamatou Moustapha Boukary, Lesley Mabey |
| المصدر: | Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America |
| بيانات النشر: | Oxford University Press (OUP), 2015. |
| سنة النشر: | 2015 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Adult, Male, Microbiology (medical), Blood Bactericidal Activity, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Adolescent, The Meningitis Vaccine Project: The Development, Licensure, Introduction, and Impact of a New Group a Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine for Africa, 030231 tropical medicine, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Meningococcal Vaccines, Meningococcal vaccine, Booster dose, Meningitis, Meningococcal, Mali, Meningococcal disease, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup A, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Conjugate vaccine, Surveys and Questionnaires, parasitic diseases, Animals, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, seroprevalence, business.industry, Meningitis Vaccine Project, Infant, medicine.disease, Antibodies, Bacterial, immunity, 3. Good health, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Child, Preschool, Immunoglobulin G, Serologic and Safety Studies of a Group a Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine, Africa, Immunology, Female, African meningitis belt, business, MenAfriVac |
| الوصف: | Efforts to prevent the large-scale outbreaks of meningococcal disease that have led to significant morbidity and mortality in the African meningitis belt, a region stretching from Senegal to Ethiopia, changed dramatically in 2010 when a newly developed group A meningococcal polysaccharide–tetanus toxoid protein conjugate vaccine, PsA-TT or MenAfriVac, was introduced in the first-ever preventive mass vaccination campaign in Burkina Faso, Mali, and Niger [1–4]. Developed by the Meningitis Vaccine Project, a partnership between the World Health Organization (WHO) and PATH with funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, PsA-TT transformed the reactive vaccination strategy in place in the Meningitis Belt since the 1970s, which utilized polysaccharide meningococcal vaccines to respond to meningococcal disease outbreaks, into a preventive campaign that is implementing mass vaccination of individuals aged 1–29 years in >25 countries in Africa [5]. Evidence has indicated that PsA-TT is highly immunogenic; the vaccine was licensed based on immunogenicity alone [2, 6–8]. By the end of 2014, >217 million people in 15 countries had been vaccinated with PsA-TT [9]. The introduction of PsA-TT has dramatically altered the epidemiology of meningococcal disease in Africa, and significant reductions in the incidence of meningococcal A disease [10, 11] and meningococcal A carriage [12, 13] have been achieved in countries where the vaccine has been introduced. As with all recently developed and newly introduced vaccines, questions remain about the duration of protection provided by PsA-TT. Assessing the duration of protection has been identified as a priority for the prevention and control of meningitis in Africa [14]. Evaluating antibody persistence both in the context of clinical trials and in population-based epidemiologic studies is an important component of investigating the impact conjugate meningococcal A vaccination has had on immunity in this region. Meningococcal conjugate vaccines including PsA-TT join together polysaccharides from the outer membrane of Neisseria meningitidis to a protein carrier such as tetanus toxoid. Conjugate vaccines elicit a more robust immune response than polysaccharide-only vaccines, which are limited in that immunity wanes after 3–5 years and in that they are not immunogenic in very young children [15–17]. Although conjugate meningococcal C and ACWY vaccines provide a longer duration of immunity than comparable polysaccharide vaccines, antibody levels have been shown to wane rapidly following vaccination [18, 19]. Booster doses have been added to vaccination schedules in both the United States, where meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine is recommended for 11- and 12-year-olds with a booster dose at age 16 years [20], and the United Kingdom, where meningococcal C conjugate vaccine is recommended for infants and booster doses are given at 12 months and around 14 years [21]. Booster doses for these meningococcal conjugate vaccines have been recommended due to concerns about waning immunity during periods of high risk [18, 22–24], further emphasizing the need to understand the duration of immunity following PsA-TT introduction has been introduced in areas where meningococcal disease is highly endemic. To assess the duration of protection and changes in population-level immunity over time following the 2010 introduction of PsA-TT, we established a cohort in 2012 among residents of Bamako, Mali. Here we report the results of the first seroprevalence survey undertaken in the cohort, 2 years after the PsA-TT mass vaccination campaign. |
| تدمد: | 1537-6591 1058-4838 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/cid/civ602 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::667a98fddb0e5def127ae21a4aa38c1e https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ602 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....667a98fddb0e5def127ae21a4aa38c1e |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 15376591 10584838 |
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| DOI: | 10.1093/cid/civ602 |