The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis
| العنوان: | The effect of natural disturbances on forest biodiversity: an ecological synthesis |
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| المؤلفون: | Mari‐Liis Viljur, Scott R. Abella, Martin Adámek, Janderson Batista Rodrigues Alencar, Nicholas A. Barber, Burkhard Beudert, Laura A. Burkle, Luciano Cagnolo, Brent R. Campos, Anne Chao, Brahim Chergui, Chang‐Yong Choi, Daniel F. R. Cleary, Thomas Seth Davis, Yanus A. Dechnik‐Vázquez, William M. Downing, Andrés Fuentes‐Ramirez, Kamal J. K. Gandhi, Catherine Gehring, Kostadin B. Georgiev, Mark Gimbutas, Konstantin B. Gongalsky, Anastasiya Y. Gorbunova, Cathryn H. Greenberg, Kristoffer Hylander, Erik S. Jules, Daniil I. Korobushkin, Kajar Köster, Valerie Kurth, Joseph Drew Lanham, Maria Lazarina, Alexandro B. Leverkus, David Lindenmayer, Daniel Magnabosco Marra, Pablo Martín‐Pinto, Jorge A. Meave, Marco Moretti, Hyun‐Young Nam, Martin K. Obrist, Theodora Petanidou, Pere Pons, Simon G. Potts, Irina B. Rapoport, Paul R. Rhoades, Clark Richter, Ruslan A. Saifutdinov, Nathan J. Sanders, Xavier Santos, Zachary Steel, Julia Tavella, Clara Wendenburg, Beat Wermelinger, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Simon Thorn |
| المصدر: | Digibug. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Granada Consorcio Madroño Biological Reviews |
| بيانات النشر: | Wiley, 2022. |
| سنة النشر: | 2022 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Disturbance extent, Intermediate disturbance hypothesis, Biodiversity, Forests, Plants, Disturbance severity, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Trees, Birds, β-diversity, Natural disturbance, Forest communities, ddc:570, α-diversity, Animals, Humans, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Ecosystem, Diversity-disturbance relationship |
| الوصف: | Disturbances alter biodiversity via their specific characteristics, including severity and extent in the landscape, which act at different temporal and spatial scales. Biodiversity response to disturbance also depends on the community characteristics and habitat requirements of species. Untangling the mechanistic interplay of these factors has guided disturbance ecology for decades, generating mixed scientific evidence of biodiversity responses to disturbance. Understanding the impact of natural disturbances on biodiversity is increasingly important due to human-induced changes in natural disturbance regimes. In many areas, major natural forest disturbances, such as wildfires, windstorms, and insect outbreaks, are becoming more frequent, intense, severe, and widespread due to climate change and land-use change. Conversely, the suppression of natural disturbances threatens disturbance-dependent biota. Using a meta-analytic approach, we analysed a global data set (with most sampling concentrated in temperate and boreal secondary forests) of species assemblages of 26 taxonomic groups, including plants, animals, and fungi collected from forests affected by wildfires, windstorms, and insect outbreaks. The overall effect of natural disturbances on α-diversity did not differ significantly from zero, but some taxonomic groups responded positively to disturbance, while others tended to respond negatively. Disturbance was beneficial for taxonomic groups preferring conditions associated with open canopies (e.g. hymenopterans and hoverflies), whereas ground-dwelling groups and/or groups typically associated with shady conditions (e.g. epigeic lichens and mycorrhizal fungi) were more likely to be negatively impacted by disturbance. Across all taxonomic groups, the highest α-diversity in disturbed forest patches occurred under moderate disturbance severity, i.e. with approximately 55% of trees killed by disturbance. We further extended our meta-analysis by applying a unified diversity concept based on Hill numbers to estimate α-diversity changes in different taxonomic groups across a gradient of disturbance severity measured at the stand scale and incorporating other disturbance features. We found that disturbance severity negatively affected diversity for Hill number q = 0 but not for q = 1 and q = 2, indicating that diversity–disturbance relationships are shaped by species relative abundances. Our synthesis of α-diversity was extended by a synthesis of disturbance-induced change in species assemblages, and revealed that disturbance changes the β-diversity of multiple taxonomic groups, including some groups that were not affected at the α-diversity level (birds and woody plants). Finally, we used mixed rarefaction/extrapolation to estimate biodiversity change as a function of the proportion of forests that were disturbed, i.e. the disturbance extent measured at the landscape scale. The comparison of intact and naturally disturbed forests revealed that both types of forests provide habitat for unique species assemblages, whereas species diversity in the mixture of disturbed and undisturbed forests peaked at intermediate values of disturbance extent in the simulated landscape. Hence, the relationship between α-diversity and disturbance severity in disturbed forest stands was strikingly similar to the relationship between species richness and disturbance extent in a landscape consisting of both disturbed and undisturbed forest habitats. This result suggests that both moderate disturbance severity and moderate disturbance extent support the highest levels of biodiversity in contemporary forest landscapes. British Ecological Society LRB20/1002 Junta de Andalucia European Commission B-FQM-366-UGR20 Centro ANID Basal FB210015 Direccion de Investigacion Universidad de La Frontera DIUFRO DI20-0066 Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) Max Planck Society INCT Madeiras da Amazonia Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF) 01LB1001A 01LK1602A Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MCTI/FINEP) 01.11.01248.00 Russian Science Foundation (RSF) 21-14-00227 Ministry of Education, Youth & Sports - Czech Republic Czech Republic Government LTC 20058 Czech Academy of Sciences RVO67985939 UK Research & Innovation (UKRI) Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) GR3/11743 Greek project POL-AEGIS, Program THALES MIS 376737 Projekt DEAL TH 2218/5-1 |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf; application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 6798-5939 1469-185X |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::300c39c411c9419615f467b69465ee89 http://hdl.handle.net/10481/76415 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....300c39c411c9419615f467b69465ee89 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 67985939 1469185X |
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