Experimental Bothrops atrox envenomation: Efficacy of antivenom therapy and the combination of Bothrops antivenom with dexamethasone
| العنوان: | Experimental Bothrops atrox envenomation: Efficacy of antivenom therapy and the combination of Bothrops antivenom with dexamethasone |
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| المؤلفون: | Gabriella Neves Leal Santos Barreto, Rosa Helena Veras Mourão, Hipócrates de Menezes Chalkidis, Luis Roberto de Camargo Gonçalves, Ida S. Sano-Martins, Sâmella Silva de Oliveira, Isabelle Valle dos Anjos, Ana Maria Moura-da-Silva |
| المصدر: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 11, Iss 3, p e0005458 (2017) |
| بيانات النشر: | Public Library of Science, 2017. |
| سنة النشر: | 2017 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 0301 basic medicine, Antivenom, Glycobiology, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Snake Bites, Venom, Pharmacology, Toxicology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Biochemistry, Vascular Medicine, Dexamethasone, Mice, Edema, Medicine and Health Sciences, Morphogenesis, Medicine, Toxins, Bothrops, Snakebite, Immune Response, biology, Antivenins, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Snakes, Squamates, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Vertebrates, Drug Therapy, Combination, medicine.symptom, Muscle Regeneration, medicine.drug, Research Article, Neglected Tropical Diseases, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Toxic Agents, Immunology, Hemorrhage, complex mixtures, 03 medical and health sciences, Necrosis, Pharmacotherapy, Signs and Symptoms, Diagnostic Medicine, Regeneration, Animals, Immunologic Factors, Envenomation, Glycoproteins, Inflammation, business.industry, Venoms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Reptiles, Fibrinogen, lcsh:RA1-1270, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Tropical Diseases, Snake bites, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Amniotes, business, Organism Development, Developmental Biology |
| الوصف: | Bothrops atrox snakes are the leading cause of snake bites in Northern Brazil. The venom of this snake is not included in the antigen pool used to obtain the Bothrops antivenom. There are discrepancies in reports on the effectiveness of this antivenom to treat victims bitten by B. atrox snakes. However, these studies were performed using a pre-incubation of the venom with the antivenom and, thus, did not simulate a true case of envenomation treatment. In addition, the local lesions induced by Bothrops venoms are not well resolved by antivenom therapy. Here, we investigated the efficacy of the Bothrops antivenom in treating the signs and symptoms caused by B. atrox venom in mice and evaluated whether the combination of dexamethasone and antivenom therapy enhanced the healing of local lesions induced by this envenomation. In animals that were administered the antivenom 10 minutes after the envenomation, we observed an important reduction of edema, dermonecrosis, and myonecrosis. When the antivenom was given 45 minutes after the envenomation, the edema and myonecrosis were reduced, and the fibrinogen levels and platelet counts were restored. The groups treated with the combination of antivenom and dexamethasone had an enhanced decrease in edema and a faster recovery of the damaged skeletal muscle. Our results show that Bothrops antivenom effectively treats the envenomation caused by Bothrops atrox and that the use of dexamethasone as an adjunct to the antivenom therapy could be useful to improve the treatment of local symptoms observed in envenomation caused by Bothrops snakes. Author summary Bothrops atrox is the dominant species responsible for accidental human snake bites in Northern Brazil. The efficacy of antivenom therapy to correct the systemic disturbances, including hemostatic disorders, caused by Brazilian Bothrops is well known. However, two fundamental issues need to be addressed in this region. (1) There are concerns regarding the effectiveness of the antivenom to treat Bothrops snake bites in this region since Bothrops atrox venom is not used as an antigen to obtain the Bothrops antivenom in Brazil, and (2) the efficacy of the antivenom therapy in reversing local injuries induced by Bothrops venoms is low. Thus, our study aimed to assess the effectiveness of antivenom therapy alone or in combination with dexamethasone to treat experimental envenomation induced by Bothrops atrox venom in mice. Our results showed that the Brazilian Bothrops antivenom effectively reversed the systemic disturbances caused by this envenomation and combining the antivenom therapy with dexamethasone accelerated the regression of inflammatory edema and the regeneration of skeletal muscle that was damaged by the venom. |
| اللغة: | English |
| تدمد: | 1935-2735 1935-2727 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0eb87d0422dfb7285152470247ffca60 http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5371371 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....0eb87d0422dfb7285152470247ffca60 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 19352735 19352727 |
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