Effects of 6-Week Use of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Smokers With Serious Mental Illness
| العنوان: | Effects of 6-Week Use of Very Low Nicotine Content Cigarettes in Smokers With Serious Mental Illness |
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| المؤلفون: | Sharon E. Murphy, Stephen S. Hecht, Rachel N. Cassidy, Patricia A. Cioe, Dorothy K. Hatsukami, Rachel L Denlinger-Apte, Robert M. Swift, Bruce R. Lindgren, Suzanne M. Colby, Nathan Rubin, Christine Goodwin, Eric C. Donny, Jennifer W. Tidey |
| المصدر: | Nicotine & Tobacco Research |
| بيانات النشر: | Oxford University Press (OUP), 2019. |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Adult, Male, Nicotine, Nicotine Standards and Smokers with Psychiatric Co-morbidity, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, Schizoaffective disorder, Craving, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Extrapyramidal symptoms, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Bipolar disorder, media_common, business.industry, Mental Disorders, Smoking, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Tobacco Products, Middle Aged, Abstinence, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Schizophrenia, Female, Smoking Cessation, medicine.symptom, business, Breath carbon monoxide, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug |
| الوصف: | Introduction The US Food and Drug Administration is considering implementing a reduced-nicotine standard for cigarettes. Given the high rate of smoking among people with serious mental illness (SMI), it is important to examine the responses of these smokers to very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes. Methods This trial compared the effects of VLNC (0.4 mg nicotine/g tobacco) and normal nicotine content cigarettes (15.8 mg/g) over a 6-week period in non-treatment-seeking smokers with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or bipolar disorder (n = 58). Linear regression was used to examine the effects of cigarette condition on cigarettes per day, subjective responses, nicotine and tobacco toxicant exposure, craving, withdrawal symptoms, and psychiatric symptoms. Results At week 6, participants in the VLNC condition smoked fewer cigarettes per day, had lower breath carbon monoxide levels, lower craving scores, and rated their study cigarettes lower in satisfaction, reward, enjoyment, and craving reduction than those in the normal nicotine content condition (ps < .05). Week 6 psychiatric and extrapyramidal symptoms did not differ by condition, except for scores on a measure of parkinsonism, which were lower in the VLNC condition (p < .05). There were no differences across conditions on total nicotine exposure, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol, withdrawal symptoms, or responses to abstinence. Conclusions These results suggest that a reduced-nicotine standard for cigarettes would reduce smoking among smokers with SMI. However, the lack of effect on total nicotine exposure indicates VLNC noncompliance, suggesting that smokers with SMI may respond to a reduced-nicotine standard by substituting alternative forms of nicotine. Implications Results from this trial suggest that a reduced-nicotine standard for cigarettes would reduce smoking rates and smoke exposure in smokers with SMI, without increasing psychiatric symptoms. However, noncompliance with VLNC cigarettes was observed, suggesting that these smokers might respond to a reduced-nicotine standard by substituting alternative forms of nicotine. |
| تدمد: | 1469-994X 1462-2203 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/ntr/ntz133 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::0164b5b43a50c48a160d3fc6d29c6e30 https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz133 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi.dedup.....0164b5b43a50c48a160d3fc6d29c6e30 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 1469994X 14622203 |
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| DOI: | 10.1093/ntr/ntz133 |