The puzzle of the hepatitis B genotype distribution and evolution in Africa / Das Rätsel der Verbreitung und Evolution der Hepatitis B-Genotypen in Afrika
| العنوان: | The puzzle of the hepatitis B genotype distribution and evolution in Africa / Das Rätsel der Verbreitung und Evolution der Hepatitis B-Genotypen in Afrika |
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| المؤلفون: | Christophe M. Olinger |
| المصدر: | LaboratoriumsMedizin. 32:280-285 |
| بيانات النشر: | Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2008. |
| سنة النشر: | 2008 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Hepatitis B virus, Medical Laboratory Technology, Biochemistry (medical), Clinical Biochemistry, Genotype, medicine, Distribution (pharmacology), Hepatitis B, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, medicine.disease, Virology |
| الوصف: | The hepatitis B virus (HBV) is currently estimated to chronically infect almost 400 million people worldwide of which 65 millions live on the African continent. Based on the nucleotide distance between complete genomes, the circulating hepatitis B strains have been classified into different genotypes and subtypes most of which present a specific geographic distribution. Numerous phylogenetic studies have determined the genotypes and subtypes of HBV circulating in Africa, and have revealed a surprising picture. The most prevalent genotype found was genotype E, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa followed by genotype A distributed in sub-Saharan Africa but also in the South and East of Africa, and genotype D, which was mostly found in North Africa. While the evolutionary history of genotype A has seen an obvious diversification with the appearance of several subtypes, genotype E did not undergo a similar evolutionary history. In fact, genotype E and A co-circulate in several countries but although genotype A strains show a high diversity from country to country, the diversity among genotype E strains found in the same countries is very low. While this low diversity suggests a recent appearance of genotype E in Africa it is paradoxical to the fact that the same genotype is found on more than a third of the African continent. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the HBV genotypes circulating in Africa and laboratory diagnosis. |
| تدمد: | 1439-0477 0342-3026 |
| DOI: | 10.1515/jlm.2008.038 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::f91965f54bb0494b450faff66f306678 https://doi.org/10.1515/jlm.2008.038 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi...........f91965f54bb0494b450faff66f306678 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 14390477 03423026 |
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| DOI: | 10.1515/jlm.2008.038 |