This chapter outlines the reality in many humanitarian settings, where low resources and limitations in human resources, diagnostics, and infrastructure make the controlled diagnostic process more challenging, supporting a more symptomatic approach to diagnosis and management. This chapter outlines the key principles of syndromic case management, including essential components of clinical assessment, development of differential diagnoses, and flow charts for management for the most commonly encountered conditions and most important causative agents. The management principles contained in this chapter are adapted for humanitarian settings and provide opportunities for capacity building when highly trained local human resources may be scarce.