Diseases and compromised health states of massive Porites spp. in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea
| العنوان: | Diseases and compromised health states of massive Porites spp. in the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea |
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| المؤلفون: | Watchara Samsuvan, Monthaphat Thummasan, Sittiporn Pengsakun, Thamasak Yeemin, Juthamart Putthayakool, Makamas Sutthacheep |
| المصدر: | Acta Oceanologica Sinica. 38:118-127 |
| بيانات النشر: | Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2019. |
| سنة النشر: | 2019 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, National park, Coral, Porites, Aquatic Science, Biology, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Oceanography, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, Health states, Fishery, Disease severity, Coral health, parasitic diseases, Fish |
| الوصف: | In this study, we assess coral health by detecting the severity of coral diseases and compromised health states on massive Porites. Field surveys are conducted at twenty-two sites covering the eastern, inner and western Gulf of Thailand as well as the Andaman Sea during 2010–2015. A total of nine coral diseases and signs of compromised health are observed in the waters of Thailand, consisting of pigmentation responses (pink lines, pink patches, pink spots and pink borers), white syndromes (white patches, white bands and ulcerative white spots), growth anomalies, and unusual bleaching patterns. The highest severity of all observed coral diseases and signs of compromised health are found at Ko Khang Khao in the inner Gulf of Thailand, while that observed in the Andaman Sea is relatively low. Composition of the diseases vary across the study sites. Four groups of study sites, in which there is an 80% similarity of diseases or signs of compromised health composition, are clustered and detected based on the Bray-Curtis similarity. The canonical analysis of principal coordinates reveal that most study sites in the Gulf of Thailand, especially the inner Gulf of Thailand, tend to show a high severity of the diseases. The association of disease severity and composition and the level of human impact are also detected. The study sites located near the shores and/or the areas with intensive tourism tend to have higher human impact, especially on poor water quality, which may be linked to the higher severity and composition of coral diseases and signs of compromised health in the Gulf of Thailand. Fish bites are also observed in many study sites. The severity of fish bites in the Gulf of Thailand is much lower compared to the Andaman Sea. Ko Rawi exhibits the highest severity, following by Ko Surin Nua and Ko Butang. The study sites within marine national park boundaries have a significantly higher severity of fish bites than those outside of the marine national park boundaries. This study suggests that higher coral diseases and signs of compromised health severity might be linked to anthropogenic disturbances on coral communities in the waters of Thailand. |
| تدمد: | 1869-1099 0253-505X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s13131-019-1378-6 |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_________::8aa22139ec0adc85b4616bcc70d3b195 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13131-019-1378-6 |
| Rights: | CLOSED |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.doi...........8aa22139ec0adc85b4616bcc70d3b195 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| تدمد: | 18691099 0253505X |
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| DOI: | 10.1007/s13131-019-1378-6 |