We report the first full-length genome of a Bougainvillea chlorotic vein banding virus, isolate BCVBV-UNB-01, causing leaf yellowing in a Bougainvillea spectabilis from Brasilia, Brazil. The genome, recovered using high throughput sequencing (Illumina HiSeq) and Sanger, consisted of 8665 nucleotides and four typical badnavirus ORFs: ORF I with 456 nt in length, ORF II with 432 nt, ORF III with 6636 nt and ORF IV with 594 nt. Phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference of the 1228 bp of the RT + RNase H region along other 35 badnaviruses clustered isolate BCVBV-UNB-01 with BCVBV accession (NC011592) from Taiwan. The accurately aligned region of 1228 bp using Sequence Demarcation Tool (SDT) software, confirmed this result, evidencing a robust identification. In addition, further studies involving biological characteristics, distribution and diversity of BCVBV in Brazil will be conducted in an attempt for better understanding the role of interactions among virus, plant and vector.