Introduction: Liver abscess is a serious condition due to its complications. The most frequent complication is rupture. Our aim is to determine the predictive risk factors of liver abscess rupture at the Saint Louis Regional Hospital Center. Material and methods: This is a prospective descriptive and analytical study over the period of 1st January 2016 to 28th February 2019. We included liver abscess records regardless of age. An univariate and then multivariate analysis according to a Cox model allowed us to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of rupture.