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Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to cause hyponatremia via multiple mechanisms and is often a confounder in the diagnosis of the syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). However, not much is known about the prevalence of DM in patients with SIADH or the effect it has on outcomes of hospitalizations for SIADH. Method: Data was extracted from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) for 2019. The NIS contains hospital discharge information estimating yearly US hospitalizations. We included hospitalizations with a principal discharge diagnostic code for SIADH using the ICD-10-CM code (E22.2). We excluded hospitalizations of patients less than 18 years. This cohort was divided based on the secondary diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM). We compared inpatient mortality rates, mean length of hospital stay (LOS), mean hospitalization cost (THC), and rates of septic shock, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), acute respiratory failure (ARF), acute renal failure (AKI), and acute pulmonary edema (PE) between the subgroups. Adjustments were made for age, sex, race, primary payer, median household income by zip code, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), hospital location, bed-size, and teaching status using multivariate regression analysis. Statistical significance was set at a p-value < 0.05. Results In 2019, there were 39,110 hospitalizations with SIADH as the reason for the admission. Comorbid DM was prevalent in 25.4% of these admissions. A higher proportion of hospitalizations involved females, with no significant difference between both cohorts (62.3 vs 60.1%, p=0.084). Patients with DM had a higher mean age (73.3±12 vs 72.4±13.8 years, p=0.005), a higher proportion of CCI >2, and a higher proportion of ethnic minorities. In patients with SIADH, DM was associated with no mortality difference (1.2% vs 0.9%, p=0.317) and no difference in LOS (4.9 vs 5.1 days, p=0.328) despite increased THC (10,873 vs 10,641 US$, p =0.03). Comorbid DM was associated with lower odds of AMI (0.4 vs 0.8%, aOR: 0.315, p=0.002), PE (0.15 vs 0.4%, aOR: 0.22, p=0.012) and ARF (6.8% vs 7.5%, aOR: 0.77, p=0.016), higher odds of AKI (15.9 vs 10.7, aOR: 1.23, p=0.008), with no significant difference in odds of septic shock or CVA. Conclusions Comorbid DM was associated with no difference in mortality or LOS despite an association with increased THC and AKI in hospitalizations of patients with SIADH. Notably, DM also appeared to lower the odds of AMI, PE, and ARF in this cohort of patients. Presentation: Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m. |