The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system
| العنوان: | The retina of sharks as a model for studying radial glia development and cell positioning during the neurogenesis of the central nervous system |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Sánchez Farías, Nuria |
| المساهمون: | Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Facultade de Bioloxía. Departamento de Bioloxía Celular e Ecoloxía, Candal Suárez, Eva María (dir.) |
| المصدر: | Minerva. Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Santiago de Compostela instname |
| سنة النشر: | 2016 |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | neurogenesis, retina, Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240110 Histología animal [Materias], mmunoreactivity, Scyliorhinus canicula, Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2401 Biología animal (zoología)::240105 Desarrollo animal [Materias], fishes, CNS repair, Investigación::24 Ciencias de la vida::2490 Neurociencias::249002 Neuroquímica [Materias] |
| الوصف: | During the development of the central nervous system (CNS), neurogenesis gives rise to neurons and glia at different times and locations. Identifying progenitor cells from which these neurons and glia derived, is essential to understand the heterogeneity of the different cell types produced and how to use them for CNS repair. One of the most exciting and recent advances in this field has been the recognition of the radial glial cells as neurogenic glial progenitors for both neurons and glial cells. However, radial glia are mostly transient in mammals, and postnatal progenitors appear incapable of endogenous reparation. Contrasting with the situation in mammals, radial glia are maintained in the adult CNS of many anamniote vertebrates, where they contribute to CNS regeneration. Recent studies have focused on how these vertebrates activate progenitor cells, regenerating particular cell types and integrate them into the mature CNS. However, many questions remain unsolved concerning these cellular hierarchies. Among all neurogenic systems in the CNS, the neural retina constitutes an excellent system to study key events regarding constitutive and regenerative neurogenesis because of the presence of high rates of cell proliferation in the adult (from the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) in the peripheral retina and from adult radial glia), and because of the occurrence of reparation processes involving radial glial cells (Müller cells). Most of the investigations examining the presence of adult neurogenesis were focused in tetrapod vertebrates (especially in mammals) and teleost fishes (particularly in zebrafish). With respect to fishes, the fast development of zebrafish, including the retina, as well as the small size of the embryos, might cause some processes to remain unnoticed. Instead, the retina of the lesser spotted dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, belonging to the cartilaginous fishes, offers an exceptional model to approach the study of embryonic and adult neurogenesis. Since neurogenesis includes not only proliferation and differentiation processes, but also migration and synaptogenesis that are necessary for the correct function of the CNS, here we have extended the knowledge about neurogenesis using the retina of S. canicula as a model. Chapter 1 includes the study of the distribution pattern of the microtubule associated protein doublecortin (DCX), which is involved in regulating cytoskeletal arrangement during migration processes. This study has allowed us to differentiate three regions within the peripheral retina of the shark: a peripheral CMZ, a middle non-layered CMZ, and a transition zone bordering it. Chapter 2 was aimed to explore DCX immunoreactivity and its co-localization with proliferation and neuronal differentiation markers. We also studied its relation with glial cells and characterized the distribution of DCX-immunoreactive cells in mature areas. Our results suggest that DCX is an early marker of differentiation of specific cells and were compatible with previous suggested roles for DCX in nuclear stabilization and continuous neurite remodeling through late development and adulthood. We additionally suggest that DCX in the adult retina could reflect neuronal plasticity, not found in teleosts. In Chapter 3 we analyzed changes in radial glia during neurogenesis using the retina of S. canicula to study the processes underlying the transition from neuroepithelial cells to radial glial cells, and radial glia differentiation from development to the adulthood. To explore the relationship between radial glia and neurogenesis events in the retina, we analyzed the distribution pattern of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) during the lifespan of S. canicula and explored its localization with respect to other cell markers, including glutamine synthetase (GS), specifically expressed by mature Müller cells. The Appendix contains some preliminary experimental approaches focusing on retinal damage and pupil dilation in this species together with a brief summary of my training stain in the laboratory of the Professor Mike O. Karl in the CRTD (Dresden, Germany). |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | English |
| URL الوصول: | https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=dedup_wf_001::9e6e6cc0bf6c8a7344f721d585ea9399 https://hdl.handle.net/10347/14779 |
| Rights: | OPEN |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsair.dedup.wf.001..9e6e6cc0bf6c8a7344f721d585ea9399 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | OpenAIRE |
| الوصف غير متاح. |