التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
| العنوان: |
The effect of crop rotation on cellulolytic activity of soil under climate change conditions. |
| المؤلفون: |
Rukavitsina, Irina, Suleimenov, Mechlis, Akhmetova, Galiya, Yerpasheva, Dana |
| المصدر: |
Cereal Research Communications; 2017 Supplement S1, Vol. 45, p92-93, 2p |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: |
CROP rotation, CELLULOSE, SOIL composition |
| مستخلص: |
At the present stage, one of the directions for improving cultivation technologies of agricultural crops is the transition to a biologized farming system that contributes to the protection of the environment and the production of environmentally friendly products. An important role in this process is played by fore crops, since they contribute to increasing the yield of cultivated crops and improving the balance of nutrients in the soil. In this regard, special attention is paid to such agro-practices as crop rotation. In the context of agricultural technology and chemistry, the advantage of crop rotations is well known, but it will be incomplete without considering the microbiological processes occurring in soil, including cellulolytic activity. Therefore, the diversification in a crop rotation can potentially affect the group and numerical composition of soil microorganisms, which subsequently leads to a change in the level of biological activity of the soil. The study of cellulolytic activity was carried out at the field fixed-site laboratories of the crop rotation of LLP "SPCGF named after A.I. Barayev" in the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan in the period of in 2015-2016. The soils are southern carbonate chernozem. The four-course crop rotations with different crops alternation were selected for investigation: 1) pea-wheat-flax-barley; 2) rape-wheat-pea-wheat; 3) mustard-wheat-pea-wheat; 4) flax-wheat-pea-wheat. Cellulolytic activity was determined by the application method, where cotton goods were instilled into the soil on a depth of 0-30 cm in triplicate. The exposure lasted for 90 days. Then, the linen was removed from the soil, cleaned of the ground, dried and weighed. The intensity of the cellulose-decomposing activity of the soil was judged by the difference in weights of the control cotton linen unexposed to the soil and the decomposed cotton linen extracted from the soil, where the activity was expressed as a percentage (Kazeev, 2003). The conducted studies showed that the cellulolytic activity of the soil changed over the years depending on the crop rotation culture. In 2015, the intensity of cellulose decomposition under crop sowings in all studied crop rotations ranged from 7.6 to 24.8%, in 2016 - from 47.6 to 63.6%. Such differences can be explained by the weather-climatic conditions of the year. A more active decomposition of cellulose was preceded in the moistened conditions of 2016. Analyzing the data obtained, it should be noted that under the conditions of 2015, the active decay of cellulose was carried out in pea sowings after barley and amounted to 24.8% (crop rotation 1) and in pea sowings after wheat -13.3% (crop rotation 3). A similar phenomenon was traced in 2016 on the same crop rotations, but already with other fore crops. It should be noted that the cellulolytic activity changed along the layers of the soil profile. Depending on the crop rotation and culture, cellulolytic activity has increased with the depth, reaching a maximum in the 20-30 cm layer in crop rotations 1 and 2, and averaged 53.4% and 41.0% for two years, respectively. The cellulasic complex was represented by various physiological groups of microorganisms (fungi, bacteria and dominating actinomycetes). The most intensive process of cellulose decay was in 2015 in pea sowings after barley (24.8%) and in wheat crops after peas 63.6% in 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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| قاعدة البيانات: |
Complementary Index |