Academic Journal
Momento de fertilización nitrogenada de cultivos de maíz en hapludoles típicos
| العنوان: | Momento de fertilización nitrogenada de cultivos de maíz en hapludoles típicos |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Mirian Barraco, Martín Díaz-Zorita |
| المصدر: | Ciencia del Suelo, Vol 23, Iss 2, Pp 197-203 (2005) |
| بيانات النشر: | Asociación Argentina de la Ciencia del Suelo, 2005. |
| سنة النشر: | 2005 |
| المجموعة: | LCC:Agriculture (General) LCC:Plant culture |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Región Pampeana, Cereales, Urea, Fertilidad de suelos, Cero Labranza, N suelo, Pampas Region, Cereals, Soil Fertility, No Tillage, Soil N, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Plant culture, SB1-1110 |
| الوصف: | La producción de maíz (Zea mays L.) en la región de la pampa arenosa está parcialmente limitada por la oferta de N del suelo. Si bien es frecuente la fertilización con N, la información en cuanto a los niveles críticos de respuesta y momentos de aplicación del N no es abundante. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar el momento conveniente para la fertilización con N en maíz y cuantificar la relación entre la respuesta del cultivo y algunos indicadores edáficos y de cultivo para su diagnóstico. En las campañas 2001 a 2003 se establecieron 4 sitios experimentales en Hapludoles Típicos en los que se evaluaron 7 tratamientos en un estudio factorial con 2 factores: (a) Dosis de fertilización con urea (0,0, 37,5, 75,0 o 150,0 kg ha-1 de N) y (b) momento de aplicación (siembra o estadio de 6 hojas desplegadas). La producción de grano varió entre 5.023 y 14.757 kg ha-1. No se observaron interacciones entre dosis y momentos de fertilización con N. Tampoco se detectaron diferencias en los rendimientos entre momentos de aplicación pero sí entre las dosis aplicadas. El 90 % de los rendimientos máximos se alcanzaron con niveles de N disponible (Nsuelo siembra + Nfertilizante) superiores a 142 kg ha-1 en la capa de 0 a 60 cm de profundidad. La intensidad de coloración verde de las hojas en estadios vegetativos contribuyó a distinguir entre tratamientos con y sin aplicación de N pero fue insuficiente para su utilización como herramienta de diagnóstico de necesidades de fertilización. En Hapludoles Típicos de la región de la pampa arenosa la corrección de necesidades de N para maximizar los rendimientos de maíz requiere de un correcto diagnóstico a partir del análisis de suelo y la aplicación de N indistintamente en el momento de la siembra o en estadios de desarrollo vegetativo.In the sandy Pampas region, corn (Zea mays L.) grain production is partially related with soil N availability levels. Although N fertilization is common practice, the available information for the efficient use of N fertilizers is not well documented. Our objective was to determine the best N fertilization timing and the relationship between corn response to this practice and soil and crop properties. In Typic Hapludolls located in the northern part of the sandy Pampas region, 4 field essays were performed during the 2001 to 2003 growing seasons in Typic Hapludolls. Seven treatments were arranged in a factorial design with 2 main factors: (a) Urea fertilization with 0.0, 37.5, 75.0 or 150.0 kg ha-1 and (b) fertilization timing (at planting or at the 6 leaves vegetative stage). Grain yields varied between 5023 and 14757 kg ha-1 without interactions between N fertilization rates and fertilization timing. The available information did not show differences between N fertilization at planting or during vegetative growth. Ninety percent of the maximum grain yields were achieved when available N levels (Nsoil at planting + Nfertilizer) was greater than 142 kg ha-1 in the 0 to 60 cm soil layer. The green color intensity of the upper leaves only discriminated between crops with and without N fertilization, but it was not adequate for N diagnosis. In Typic Hapludolls from the sandy Pampas region N requirements for maximum corn grain yields can be predicted based on soil N measurements and the fertilization performed both at planting or during vegetative growth stages. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article |
| وصف الملف: | electronic resource |
| اللغة: | English Spanish; Castilian Portuguese |
| تدمد: | 0326-3169 1850-2067 |
| Relation: | http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1850-20672005000200010; https://doaj.org/toc/0326-3169; https://doaj.org/toc/1850-2067 |
| URL الوصول: | https://doaj.org/article/5a475affe6b0447a9f01fefe0c3cc02b |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsdoj.5a475affe6b0447a9f01fefe0c3cc02b |
| قاعدة البيانات: | Directory of Open Access Journals |
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Array ( [Name] => Author [Label] => Authors [Group] => Au [Data] => <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Mirian+Barraco%22">Mirian Barraco</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Martín+Díaz-Zorita%22">Martín Díaz-Zorita</searchLink> ) Array ( [Name] => TitleSource [Label] => Source [Group] => Src [Data] => Ciencia del Suelo, Vol 23, Iss 2, Pp 197-203 (2005) ) Array ( [Name] => Publisher [Label] => Publisher Information [Group] => PubInfo [Data] => Asociación Argentina de la Ciencia del Suelo, 2005. ) Array ( [Name] => DatePubCY [Label] => Publication Year [Group] => Date [Data] => 2005 ) Array ( [Name] => Subset [Label] => Collection [Group] => HoldingsInfo [Data] => LCC:Agriculture (General)<br />LCC:Plant culture ) Array ( [Name] => Subject [Label] => Subject Terms [Group] => Su [Data] => <searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Región+Pampeana%22">Región Pampeana</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cereales%22">Cereales</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Urea%22">Urea</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Fertilidad+de+suelos%22">Fertilidad de suelos</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cero+Labranza%22">Cero Labranza</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22N+suelo%22">N suelo</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Pampas+Region%22">Pampas Region</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Cereals%22">Cereals</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+Fertility%22">Soil Fertility</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22No+Tillage%22">No Tillage</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Soil+N%22">Soil N</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Agriculture+%28General%29%22">Agriculture (General)</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22S1-972%22">S1-972</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22Plant+culture%22">Plant culture</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="DE" term="%22SB1-1110%22">SB1-1110</searchLink> ) Array ( [Name] => Abstract [Label] => Description [Group] => Ab [Data] => La producción de maíz (Zea mays L.) en la región de la pampa arenosa está parcialmente limitada por la oferta de N del suelo. Si bien es frecuente la fertilización con N, la información en cuanto a los niveles críticos de respuesta y momentos de aplicación del N no es abundante. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar el momento conveniente para la fertilización con N en maíz y cuantificar la relación entre la respuesta del cultivo y algunos indicadores edáficos y de cultivo para su diagnóstico. En las campañas 2001 a 2003 se establecieron 4 sitios experimentales en Hapludoles Típicos en los que se evaluaron 7 tratamientos en un estudio factorial con 2 factores: (a) Dosis de fertilización con urea (0,0, 37,5, 75,0 o 150,0 kg ha-1 de N) y (b) momento de aplicación (siembra o estadio de 6 hojas desplegadas). La producción de grano varió entre 5.023 y 14.757 kg ha-1. No se observaron interacciones entre dosis y momentos de fertilización con N. Tampoco se detectaron diferencias en los rendimientos entre momentos de aplicación pero sí entre las dosis aplicadas. El 90 % de los rendimientos máximos se alcanzaron con niveles de N disponible (Nsuelo siembra + Nfertilizante) superiores a 142 kg ha-1 en la capa de 0 a 60 cm de profundidad. La intensidad de coloración verde de las hojas en estadios vegetativos contribuyó a distinguir entre tratamientos con y sin aplicación de N pero fue insuficiente para su utilización como herramienta de diagnóstico de necesidades de fertilización. En Hapludoles Típicos de la región de la pampa arenosa la corrección de necesidades de N para maximizar los rendimientos de maíz requiere de un correcto diagnóstico a partir del análisis de suelo y la aplicación de N indistintamente en el momento de la siembra o en estadios de desarrollo vegetativo.In the sandy Pampas region, corn (Zea mays L.) grain production is partially related with soil N availability levels. Although N fertilization is common practice, the available information for the efficient use of N fertilizers is not well documented. Our objective was to determine the best N fertilization timing and the relationship between corn response to this practice and soil and crop properties. In Typic Hapludolls located in the northern part of the sandy Pampas region, 4 field essays were performed during the 2001 to 2003 growing seasons in Typic Hapludolls. Seven treatments were arranged in a factorial design with 2 main factors: (a) Urea fertilization with 0.0, 37.5, 75.0 or 150.0 kg ha-1 and (b) fertilization timing (at planting or at the 6 leaves vegetative stage). Grain yields varied between 5023 and 14757 kg ha-1 without interactions between N fertilization rates and fertilization timing. The available information did not show differences between N fertilization at planting or during vegetative growth. Ninety percent of the maximum grain yields were achieved when available N levels (Nsoil at planting + Nfertilizer) was greater than 142 kg ha-1 in the 0 to 60 cm soil layer. The green color intensity of the upper leaves only discriminated between crops with and without N fertilization, but it was not adequate for N diagnosis. 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