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Self-reported exposure to blood and body fluids and serological evidence of lifetime exposure to hepatitis B virus among health care workers in Ghana: a cross-sectional study

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان: Self-reported exposure to blood and body fluids and serological evidence of lifetime exposure to hepatitis B virus among health care workers in Ghana: a cross-sectional study
المؤلفون: Vivian Efua Senoo-Dogbey, Ellen Eyi Klutsey
المصدر: BMC Infectious Diseases, Vol 24, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2024)
بيانات النشر: BMC, 2024.
سنة النشر: 2024
المجموعة: LCC:Infectious and parasitic diseases
مصطلحات موضوعية: Health care worker, Hepatitis B virus infection, Lifetime exposure, Self-reported, Serological evidence, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
الوصف: Abstract Introduction In Sub-Saharan Africa alone, about 40–65% of Hepatitis B Virus infections among HCWs were a result of percutaneous occupational exposures to contaminated blood and body fluids of patients. Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers is on the rise in Ghana. However, the relationship between self-reported exposures to blood and body fluids suspected to be contaminated with the hepatitis B virus and actual serological evidence of exposure remains unknown. The aim of the study however was to assess the self-reported exposure to HBV as against the serological evidence of lifetime exposure to HBV and associated factors among Ghanaian HCWs. Methods The study was a cross-sectional analytical survey that involved 340 HCWs who were recruited using a simple random sampling procedure from six cadres of staff from five districts in Greater Accra. The participants were surveyed using a validated instrument and 5mls of venous blood was aseptically withdrawn for qualitative detection of Anti-HBc. SPSS version 23.0 was used to analyze the data to obtain proportions, odds ratios and their corresponding confidence intervals with the level of significance set at 0.05. Results The response rate was 94% with Nurses and Doctors in the majority with a mean age of 35.6 ± 7.2. Self-reported exposure to HBV was 63% whereas lifetime exposure to HBV (Anti-HBc) prevalence was 8.2% (95% CI = 5.0-11.0%). Females were 60% less likely to be exposed to HBV (aOR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.1–0.9) than their male counterparts. HCWs without training in the prevention of blood-borne infections had almost three times higher odds of being exposed to HBV in their lifetime (aOR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.0-6.4). Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that self-reported exposure to HBV-contaminated biological materials was high with a corresponding high lifetime exposure to HBV. The female gender was protective of anti-HBc acquisition. Apart from direct interventions for preventing occupational exposures to HBV in the healthcare setting, periodic training of all categories of healthcare workers in infection prevention techniques could significantly reduce exposure to the Hepatitis B virus.
نوع الوثيقة: article
وصف الملف: electronic resource
اللغة: English
تدمد: 1471-2334
Relation: https://doaj.org/toc/1471-2334
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09703-4
URL الوصول: https://doaj.org/article/3ddd5d677f064fcea90050bfa3e450ea
رقم الانضمام: edsdoj.3ddd5d677f064fcea90050bfa3e450ea
قاعدة البيانات: Directory of Open Access Journals
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