Academic Journal
The Role of Sulfated Materials for Biodiesel Production from Cheap Raw Materials
| العنوان: | The Role of Sulfated Materials for Biodiesel Production from Cheap Raw Materials |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Lowe, B, Gardy, J, Hassanpour, A |
| بيانات النشر: | MDPI |
| سنة النشر: | 2022 |
| المجموعة: | White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) |
| الوصف: | There is an urgent need to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, yet to date the decarbonization of the transportation industry has been slow and of particular difficulty. While fossil fuel replacements such as biodiesel may aid the transition to a less polluting society, production at the industrial scales required is currently heavily dependent on chemical catalysis. Conventional two-step homogenous routes require the challenging separation of catalyst from the obtained product; however, heterogenous solid catalysts bring new considerations such as material stability, surface area, porosity, deactivation effects, and reduced reactivities under mild conditions. Nanomaterials present an attractive solution, offering the high reactivity of homogenous catalysts without complex recyclability issues. Slightly less reactive, acidic sulfated nanomaterials may also demonstrate greater stability to feedstock impurity, extending lifetime and improved versatility to a range of starting feeds. There remains, however, much work to be done in demonstrating the full-scale feasibility of such catalysts. This review explores recent developments over time in acidic sulfated nanocatalysis for biodiesel production, with particular focus on metal oxides, magnetic nanoparticles, silica-supported nanomaterials, and acidic carbon nanocatalysts. Included are various summaries of current progress in the literature, as well as recommendations for future research. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| وصف الملف: | text |
| اللغة: | English |
| Relation: | https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183743/3/catalysts-12-00223.pdf; Lowe, B, Gardy, J orcid.org/0000-0003-1806-4056 and Hassanpour, A (2022) The Role of Sulfated Materials for Biodiesel Production from Cheap Raw Materials. Catalysts, 12 (2). 223. p. 223. ISSN 2073-4344 |
| الاتاحة: | https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183743/ https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183743/3/catalysts-12-00223.pdf |
| Rights: | cc_by_4 |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.FE8DF4F8 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| ResultId |
1 |
|---|---|
| Header |
edsbas BASE edsbas.FE8DF4F8 938 3 Academic Journal academicJournal 937.599182128906 |
| PLink |
https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&scope=site&db=edsbas&AN=edsbas.FE8DF4F8&custid=s6537998&authtype=sso |
| FullText |
Array
(
[Availability] => 0
)
Array ( [0] => Array ( [Url] => https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183743/# [Name] => EDS - BASE [Category] => fullText [Text] => View record in BASE [MouseOverText] => View record in BASE ) ) |
| Items |
Array
(
[Name] => Title
[Label] => Title
[Group] => Ti
[Data] => The Role of Sulfated Materials for Biodiesel Production from Cheap Raw Materials
)
Array ( [Name] => Author [Label] => Authors [Group] => Au [Data] => <searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Lowe%2C+B%22">Lowe, B</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Gardy%2C+J%22">Gardy, J</searchLink><br /><searchLink fieldCode="AR" term="%22Hassanpour%2C+A%22">Hassanpour, A</searchLink> ) Array ( [Name] => Publisher [Label] => Publisher Information [Group] => PubInfo [Data] => MDPI ) Array ( [Name] => DatePubCY [Label] => Publication Year [Group] => Date [Data] => 2022 ) Array ( [Name] => Subset [Label] => Collection [Group] => HoldingsInfo [Data] => White Rose Research Online (Universities of Leeds, Sheffield & York) ) Array ( [Name] => Abstract [Label] => Description [Group] => Ab [Data] => There is an urgent need to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions, yet to date the decarbonization of the transportation industry has been slow and of particular difficulty. While fossil fuel replacements such as biodiesel may aid the transition to a less polluting society, production at the industrial scales required is currently heavily dependent on chemical catalysis. Conventional two-step homogenous routes require the challenging separation of catalyst from the obtained product; however, heterogenous solid catalysts bring new considerations such as material stability, surface area, porosity, deactivation effects, and reduced reactivities under mild conditions. Nanomaterials present an attractive solution, offering the high reactivity of homogenous catalysts without complex recyclability issues. Slightly less reactive, acidic sulfated nanomaterials may also demonstrate greater stability to feedstock impurity, extending lifetime and improved versatility to a range of starting feeds. There remains, however, much work to be done in demonstrating the full-scale feasibility of such catalysts. This review explores recent developments over time in acidic sulfated nanocatalysis for biodiesel production, with particular focus on metal oxides, magnetic nanoparticles, silica-supported nanomaterials, and acidic carbon nanocatalysts. Included are various summaries of current progress in the literature, as well as recommendations for future research. ) Array ( [Name] => TypeDocument [Label] => Document Type [Group] => TypDoc [Data] => article in journal/newspaper ) Array ( [Name] => Format [Label] => File Description [Group] => SrcInfo [Data] => text ) Array ( [Name] => Language [Label] => Language [Group] => Lang [Data] => English ) Array ( [Name] => NoteTitleSource [Label] => Relation [Group] => SrcInfo [Data] => https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183743/3/catalysts-12-00223.pdf; Lowe, B, Gardy, J orcid.org/0000-0003-1806-4056 and Hassanpour, A (2022) The Role of Sulfated Materials for Biodiesel Production from Cheap Raw Materials. Catalysts, 12 (2). 223. p. 223. ISSN 2073-4344 ) Array ( [Name] => URL [Label] => Availability [Group] => URL [Data] => https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183743/<br />https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/183743/3/catalysts-12-00223.pdf ) Array ( [Name] => Copyright [Label] => Rights [Group] => Cpyrght [Data] => cc_by_4 ) Array ( [Name] => AN [Label] => Accession Number [Group] => ID [Data] => edsbas.FE8DF4F8 ) |
| RecordInfo |
Array
(
[BibEntity] => Array
(
[Languages] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[Text] => English
)
)
[Titles] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[TitleFull] => The Role of Sulfated Materials for Biodiesel Production from Cheap Raw Materials
[Type] => main
)
)
)
[BibRelationships] => Array
(
[HasContributorRelationships] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[PersonEntity] => Array
(
[Name] => Array
(
[NameFull] => Lowe, B
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[PersonEntity] => Array
(
[Name] => Array
(
[NameFull] => Gardy, J
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[PersonEntity] => Array
(
[Name] => Array
(
[NameFull] => Hassanpour, A
)
)
)
)
[IsPartOfRelationships] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[BibEntity] => Array
(
[Dates] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[D] => 01
[M] => 01
[Type] => published
[Y] => 2022
)
)
[Identifiers] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[Type] => issn-locals
[Value] => edsbas
)
[1] => Array
(
[Type] => issn-locals
[Value] => edsbas.oa
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
|
| IllustrationInfo |