Dissertation/ Thesis
African Swine Fever Virus – Exploring Virus Evolution and Vector Dynamics
| العنوان: | African Swine Fever Virus – Exploring Virus Evolution and Vector Dynamics |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Forth, Jan Hendrik |
| سنة النشر: | 2018 |
| المجموعة: | Publication Server of Greifswald University |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Afrikanische Schweinepest Virus, Tierseuche, Schweinekrankheit, ddc:570 |
| الوصف: | African swine fever virus (ASFV) is one of the most threatening animal viruses which has dramatically expanded its distribution range within the last years. ASFV was first described and is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa where it is transmitted in a sylvatic cycle between indigenous suids and Ornithodoros soft ticks. Therefore, ASFV is the only known DNA-arbovirus and, in addition to that, the only member of the genus Asfivirus within the family Asfarviridae. Being highly infectious to domestic pigs and wild boar, the virus was introduced into Georgia in 2007 and has subsequently spread throughout eastern Europe reaching the European Union in 2014. Despite almost 100 years of intensive research and the occurrence of African swine fever (ASF) on four continents including Europe, many aspects of its epidemiology, vector dynamics and virus evolution are unknown. In our study, first evidence is presented on endogenous ASFV-like (EASFL)- elements which are integrated into the genome of ASFV natural vectors, O. moubata soft ticks. Through a series of experiments including next-generation sequencing, infection experiments, phylogenetic and BEAST analyses as well as PCR-screening, evidence is provided that these elements belong to an ancestral ASFV strain that might have existed 50,000 to 30,000 years BCE. Further results suggest that the EASFL-elements are involved in protecting ticks against ASFV infection and might belong to a generalised tick defence mechanism. In order to evaluate factors influencing ASFV epidemiology in eastern Europe, experiments were conducted on possible indigenous vector species and circulating virus isolates. In the absence of the natural tick vector, blow fly larvae were considered as possible mechanical vectors involved in ASFV transmission and persistence. Results are presented that even after feeding on highly infectious wild boar tissue, fly larvae and pupae showed no contamination with infectious virus. On the contrary, the maggots appeared to have inactivated the virus in the organ ... |
| نوع الوثيقة: | doctoral or postdoctoral thesis |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | English |
| Relation: | https://epub.ub.uni-greifswald.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/2742; urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-27424; https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-27424; https://epub.ub.uni-greifswald.de/files/2742/Forth_2018.pdf |
| الاتاحة: | https://epub.ub.uni-greifswald.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/2742 https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:9-opus-27424 https://epub.ub.uni-greifswald.de/files/2742/Forth_2018.pdf |
| Rights: | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.7E9189D1 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
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