Academic Journal
Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions related to social distancing on respiratory viral infectious disease outcomes: A rapid evidence-based review and meta-analysis
| العنوان: | Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions related to social distancing on respiratory viral infectious disease outcomes: A rapid evidence-based review and meta-analysis |
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| المؤلفون: | Rizvi, Rubina F, Craig, Kelly J Thomas, Hekmat, Rezzan, Reyes, Fredy, South, Brett, Rosario, Bedda, Kassler, William J, Jackson, Gretchen P |
| المصدر: | SAGE Open Medicine ; volume 9 ; ISSN 2050-3121 2050-3121 |
| بيانات النشر: | SAGE Publications |
| سنة النشر: | 2021 |
| الوصف: | Objectives: Non-pharmaceutical interventions (e.g. quarantine and isolation) are used to mitigate and control viral infectious disease, but their effectiveness has not been well studied. For COVID-19, disease control efforts will rely on non-pharmaceutical interventions until pharmaceutical interventions become widely available, while non-pharmaceutical interventions will be of continued importance thereafter. Methods: This rapid evidence-based review provides both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the effectiveness of social distancing non-pharmaceutical interventions on disease outcomes. Literature was retrieved from MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and pre-print databases ( BioRxiv.org , MedRxiv.org , and Wellcome Open Research). Results: Twenty-eight studies met inclusion criteria ( n = 28). Early, sustained, and combined application of various non-pharmaceutical interventions could mitigate and control primary outbreaks and prevent more severe secondary or tertiary outbreaks. The strategic use of non-pharmaceutical interventions decreased incidence, transmission, and/or mortality across all interventions examined. The pooled attack rates for no non-pharmaceutical intervention, single non-pharmaceutical interventions, and multiple non-pharmaceutical interventions were 42% (95% confidence interval = 30% – 55%), 29% (95% confidence interval = 23% – 36%), and 22% (95% confidence interval = 16% – 29%), respectively. Conclusion: Implementation of multiple non-pharmaceutical interventions at key decision points for public health could effectively facilitate disease mitigation and suppression until pharmaceutical interventions become available. Dynamics around R 0 values, the susceptibility of certain high-risk patient groups to infection, and the probability of asymptomatic cases spreading disease should be considered. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | article in journal/newspaper |
| اللغة: | English |
| DOI: | 10.1177/20503121211022973 |
| الاتاحة: | https://doi.org/10.1177/20503121211022973 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/20503121211022973 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full-xml/10.1177/20503121211022973 |
| Rights: | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.4A73E7DE |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
| DOI: | 10.1177/20503121211022973 |
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