Academic Journal
A Review of the Toxicity of Ingredients in E-Cigarettes, Including Those Ingredients Having the Fda's 'generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)' Regulatory Status for Use in Food.
| العنوان: | A Review of the Toxicity of Ingredients in E-Cigarettes, Including Those Ingredients Having the Fda's 'generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS)' Regulatory Status for Use in Food. |
|---|---|
| المؤلفون: | Kassem, Nada O F, Strongin, Robert M, Stroup, Andrea M, Brinkman, Marielle C, El-Hellani, Ahmad, Erythropel, Hanno C, Etemadi, Arash, Exil, Vernat, Goniewicz, Maciej L, Kassem, Noura O, Klupinski, Theodore P, Liles, Sandy, Muthumalage, Thivanka, Noël, Alexandra, Peyton, David H, Wang, Qixin, multiple additional authors |
| المصدر: | Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations |
| بيانات النشر: | PDXScholar |
| سنة النشر: | 2024 |
| المجموعة: | Portland State University: PDXScholar |
| مصطلحات موضوعية: | Vaping Machines, Vaping -- toxicity, Electronic cigarettes -- Health aspects, Chemistry |
| الوصف: | Some firms and marketers of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes; a type of electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS)) and refill liquids (e-liquids) have made claims about the safety of ingredients used in their products based on the term "GRAS or Generally Recognized As Safe" (GRAS). However, GRAS is a provision within the definition of a food additive under section 201(s) (21 U.S.C. 321(s)) of the U.S. Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act). Food additives and GRAS substances are by the FD&C Act definition intended for use in food, thus safety is based on oral consumption; the term GRAS cannot serve as an indicator of the toxicity of e-cigarette ingredients when aerosolized and inhaled (i.e., vaped). There is no legal or scientific support for labeling e-cigarette product ingredients as "GRAS". This review discusses our concerns with the GRAS provision being applied to e-cigarette products and provides examples of chemical compounds that have been used as food ingredients but have been shown to lead to adverse health effects when inhaled. The review provides scientific insight into the toxicological evaluation of e-liquid ingredients and their aerosols to help determine the potential respiratory risks associated with their use in e-cigarettes. |
| نوع الوثيقة: | text |
| وصف الملف: | application/pdf |
| اللغة: | unknown |
| Relation: | https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/chem_fac/503; https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/chem_fac/article/1508/viewcontent/ecigarettes.pdf |
| DOI: | 10.1093/ntr/ntae123 |
| الاتاحة: | https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/chem_fac/503 https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae123 https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/context/chem_fac/article/1508/viewcontent/ecigarettes.pdf |
| Rights: | Copyright (c) 2024 The Authors This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License . |
| رقم الانضمام: | edsbas.28835369 |
| قاعدة البيانات: | BASE |
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