马铃薯装卸袋过程的碰撞冲击损伤分析与试验.

التفاصيل البيبلوغرافية
العنوان:	马铃薯装卸袋过程的碰撞冲击损伤分析与试验. (Chinese)
Alternate Title:	Analysis and experiments of potato impact damage during the process of bagging and unloading. (English)
المؤلفون:	魏忠彩, 韩　梦, 苏国粱, 胡良龙, 王法明, 王宪良, 程修沛, 金诚谦, 张祥彩
المصدر:	Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering; Sep2024, Vol. 40 Issue 17, p41-51, 11p
مصطلحات موضوعية:	LOADING & unloading, POTATO waste, ANALYSIS of variance, FIELD research, POTATOES
Abstract (English):	High potato damage and peeling rates have been caused by the potato loading and unloading bag device. It is also unclear on the impact damage. In this study, a potato loading and unloading bag device test bench was constructed to reduce and prevent losses. Two aspects were mainly taken to optimize the structure: the potato collection device and the unloading device. A mechanical structure was adopted with the dual buffering of buffer rollers and limiting rollers, in order to reduce the impact damage of potatoes during bagging; Furthermore, two limiting rollers of "gather caching and separate bagging" mode were used to achieve uninterrupted harvesting for the high bagging efficiency; The lifting slide of the bag unloading device adopted the technology of "gradually decreasing with weight" to control the drop height of potatoes during bagging within a specific range, thus avoiding damage that caused by excessive drop height of potatoes. The position of the buffer roller was adjusted to determine the optimal movement trajectory of the potato, and then minimize the damage during potato bagging. The severity of the impact between potatoes and buffer rollers was evaluated to calculate the maximum contact stress. The main parameters of key components were then determined, according to the main structure and working principle of the device. The impact theory was analyzed during potato bagging. The key influencing factors were clarified on the potato skin damage. RecurDyn and EDEM were coupled to simulate the stress situation of potatoes under roller buffering and non-roller buffering states. The maximum collision contact force of potato blocks with roller buffering was reduced to 263.566 N, compared to those without roller buffering. Taking the conveying speed, buffer roller diameter, and feeding amount as the experimental factors, while the potato damage rate and skin breakage rate as evaluation indicators, a three-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was conducted using Box-Behnken neutral combination design function in Design-Expert. Variance analysis was also performed to analyze the impact of the interaction of various experimental factors on the evaluation indicators using the response surface method (RSM). The working parameters were optimized to determine the optimal values of each parameter, according to actual working conditions. A series of experiments were conducted to verify using an electronic potato impact detector. The results showed that the potato damage rate and skin breaking rate were 0.82% and 1.14%, respectively, when the conveying speed was 0.96 m/s, the diameter of the buffer roller was 83mm, and the feeding amount was 26 t/h. The peak impact acceleration was smaller than the critical damage threshold of potato impact acceleration. At the same time, the impact acceleration at the last point was much smaller than the initial one. The relative errors between the measured and the theoretical values after parameter optimization were 4.06% and 0.4%, respectively. The intensity of the potato impact decreased in a manner like wave, where the impact weakened gradually. Therefore, the potato bagging and unloading device achieved the expected goal of potato collecting and reducing loss. Field experiments showed that the potato damage rates were 0.97%, 1.32%, and 1.58%, respectively, and the skin breaking rates were 1.34%, 1.53%, and 1.87%, respectively, when the harvesting speeds were 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 m/s, respectively. The high performance was all met the national standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Abstract (Chinese):	针对马铃薯在装卸袋作业过程中伤薯率和破皮率较高的问题，该研究搭建了马铃薯装卸袋装置试验台，结合装置的主要结构及工作原理，通过理论分析明确了影响马铃薯破皮损伤的关键因素。通过 RecurDyn-EDEM 耦合模拟仿真，对比分析了有缓冲辊和无缓冲辊时薯块的碰撞特征，缓冲辊的缓冲减损作用明显，相较于无缓冲辊作业，薯块最大碰撞接触力峰值降低了 263.566 N。开展三因素三水平正交试验，以输送速度、缓冲辊直径和喂入量为试验因素，以伤薯率和破皮率为评价指标，通过响应面分析各因素交互作用对评价指标的影响并对关键参数进行优化，采用电子马铃薯测试系统进行了验证试验。结果表明：输送速度为 0.96 m/s，缓冲辊直径为 83 mm，喂入量为 26 t/h 时，伤薯率和破皮率分别为 0.82% 和 1.14%，碰撞加速度峰值小于马铃薯临界损伤的碰撞加速度阈值，马铃薯碰撞剧烈程度呈波浪式下降，入袋后薯块的最后一次的碰撞加速度均远小于入袋前初始碰撞加速度。田间试验表明：收获速度为 0.6、0.8 和 1.0 m/s 时，伤薯率分别为 0.97%、1.32% 和 1.58%，破皮率分别为 1.34%、1.53% 和 1.87%，均满足相关标准。研究结果可为马铃薯减损集薯装置的研发与优化提供支撑。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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قاعدة البيانات:	Complementary Index

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