المؤلفون: 蔡宗翰, Tsai, Tsung-Han

المساهمون: 謝正義, 臺灣大學：生物環境系統工程學研究所

مصطلحات موضوعية: 二維擴散, 標準k-ε紊流模式, 流場阻礙物, 森林密度, 市蓋, 混合層高度, 濃度累積量, 濃度混合效率, two-dimensional turbulence diffusion, standard k-ε model, forest density, mixing layer height, diffusion efficiency

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Relation: 1 Abe, K., Kondoh, T., and Nagano, Y. (1994). A New Turbulence Model for Predicting Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in Separating and Reattaching Flows -I. Flow Field Calculations, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 37, No.1, pp. 139-151. 2 Acharya, S., Dutta, S., Myrum, T.A., and Baker R.S. (1994). Turbulent Flow Past a Surface-Mounted Two- Dimensional Rib, ASME J. Fluids Eng., 116, pp. 238-246. 4 Amiro, B.D. (1990). Comparison of turbulence statistics within three boreal forest canopies. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 51, 99-121. 3 Amiro, B.D., and Davis, P.A. (1988). Statistics of atmospheric turbulence within a natural black spruce forest canopy. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 44, 267-283. 5 Cionco, R.M. (1965). A mathematical model for air flow in a vegetative canopy. Journal of Applied Meteorology 4, 517-522. 6 Cionco, R.M. (1978). Analysis of canopy index value for various canopy densities. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 15, 81-93. 7 Cowan, I.R. (1968). Mass, heat and momentum exchange between stands of plants and their atmospheric environment. Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc., 94, 523-544. 8 Curry, J.R., and Fons, W.L. (1938). Transfer of heat and momentum in the lowest layers of the atmosphere. Gt. Brit. Met. Off., Geophys. Mem. No. 65, 66 pp., Illus. 9 Dumbauld, R.K., and Cionco, R.M. (1985). A method for characterizing turbulence and wind speed profiles within and vegetative canopies. 17th Conference Agriculture and Forest Meteorology and 7th Conference Biometeorology and Aerobiology, pp. 120-123. 10 Gardiner, B.A. (1994). Wind and wind forces in a plantation spruce forest. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 67, 161-186. 11 Hanjali´c, K., and Launder, B.E. (1972). A Reynolds stress model of turbulence and its application to thin shear flows. J. Fluid Mech. 52, 609-638. 12 Hirt, C.W., Nichols, B.D., and Romero, N.C. (1975). SOLA - A Numerical Solution Algorithm for Trancient Fluid Flow, LA-5852 technical report, LoaAlamos Scientific Laboratory, USA. 13 Hoffmann, K.A., and Chiang, S.T. (1993). “Computational Fluid Dynamics for Engineers-Volume Ⅱ”. 14 Hutton, A., and Szczepura, R. (1987). Turbulent flow and heat transfer in a sudden pipe expansion: A comparison of current models of turbulence, CEGB Report TPRD/B/0926/R87. 15 Ignat, L., Pelletier, D., and Ilinca, F. (1996). An adaptive finite element method for turbulent heat transfer, in: AIAA 34th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, January 15–18, Reno, NV, AIAA Paper 96-0607. 16 Ilinca, F., and Pelletier, D. (1997). A unified approach for adaptive solutions of compressible and incompressible flows, in: AIAA 35th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, January 6–10, Reno, NV, AIAA Paper 97-0330. 17 Kaimal, J.C., and Finnigan, J.J. (1994). Atmospheric boundary layer flows: their structure and measurement. Oxford University Press, New York. 18 Lacasse, D., Turgeon, É., and Pelletier, D. (2001). Prediction of turbulent separated flow in a turnaround duct using wall functions and adaptivity, Internat. J. CFD 15 209–225. 20 Launder, B.E. (1991). Current capabilities for modelling turbulence in industrial flows, Appl. Sci. Res. 48 247–269. 19 Launder, B.E., and Spalding, D.B. (1972). Mathematical Model of Turbulence, Academic Press, London, 169 pp. 21 Launder, B.E., Reece, G.J., and Rodi, W. (1975). Progress in the development of a Reynolds stress turbulent closure. J. Fluid. Mech. 58 537–66. 22 Leonard, B.P. (1979). ‘A Stable and Accurate Convective Modelling Procedure Based on Quadratic Upstream Interpolation’, Comput. Meth. Appl. Mech. Eng. 19, 59–98. 23 Lumley, J.L. (1978). Computational Modeling of Turbulent Flows, Advances in Applied Mechanics, vol. 18, pp. 123–176. 24 Macdonald, R.W. (2000). Modelling the Mean Velocity Profile in the Urban Canopy Layer. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 97, pp. 25-45. 25 Massman, W. (1987). A comparative study of some mathematical modles of the mean wind structure and aerodynamic drag of plant canopies. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 93, No.3, pp.425-451. 26 Mihailovic, D.T. (1996). Description of a land-air parameterization scheme (LAPS). Global and Planetary Change, 13, 207-215. 27 Mihailovic, D.T., Lalic, B., Rajkovic, B. and Arsenic, I. (1999). A roughness sublayer wind profile above non-uniform surface. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 93, No.3, pp.425-451. 28 Murakami, S., Mochida A., Hayashi Y. and Sakamoto S. (1992). Numerical study on velocitypressure field and wind forces for bluff bodies by k-ε, ASM and LES. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 41-44, 2841–2852. 29 Mursch-Radlgruber, E., and Kovacic, T. (1990). Mean canopy flow in an oak forest and estimation of the foliage profile by a numerical-model. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 41, 129-136. 30 Nallasamy, M. (1987). Turbulence models and their applications to the predictions of internal flows, Comput. Fluids 15 151–194. 31 Novak, M.D., Warland J.S., Orchaansky A.L., Ketler R., and Green R. (2000). Wind tunnel and field measurement of turbulent flow in forests. Part I: Uniformly thinned stands. Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 95, pp.457-495. 32 Oke, T.R. (1987). Boundary layer climates, 2nd edn. Rotledge, London. 33 Pinard, J.D.J., and Wilson J.D. (2001). First and second order closure models for wind in a plant canopy, J. Appl. Meteor., 40, 1762-1768. 34 Pingtong, Z., and Hidenori, T. (2000). A first order closure model for the wind flow within and above vegetation canopies, Agric. For. Meteor., 103, 301-313. 35 Pinker, R.T., and Moses, J.F. (1982). On the canopy flow index of a tropical forest. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 22, 313-324. 36 Ran, N., Henry, S.H., Jerome, C., and Simon, A.L. (2001). Mechanistic models for tree seed dispersal by wind in dense forests and open landscapes. Seed Dispersal and Frugivory: Ecology, Evolution and Conservation. 37 Raupach, M.R. (1988). Canopy transport process. In: Steffan, W.L. and Denmead, O.T. (eds.). Flow and transport in the natural environment: advances and applications. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 95-127. 38 Reynolds, W.C. (1976). “Computation of Turbulent Flows”. 39 Roache, P.J. (1998). Verification and Validation in Computational Science and Engineering, Hermosa Publishers. 40 Hwang, R.R., Chow, Y.C. and Peng, Y.F. (1999). Numerical study of turbulent flow over two -dimensional surface-mounted ribs in a channel. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids Int. J. 31: 767–785. 41 Seginer, I., Mulhearn, P. J., Bradley, E. F., and Finnigan, J. J. (1976). Turbulent Flow in a Model Plant Canopy, Boundary-Layer Meteorol. 10, 423-453. 42 Seibert P., Beyrich F., Gryning, SE, and Joffre, S., A. Rasmussen, P. Tercier. (2000). Review and intercomparsion of operational methods for the determination of the mixing height. Atmos. Environ., 34, 1001-1027. 43 Su, H.B., Shaw, R.H., Paw, K.T., Moeng, C.H., and Sullivan, P.P. (1998). Turbulent statistics of neutrally stratified flow within and above a sparse forest from large-eddy simulation and field observations. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 88, 363-397. 44 Thom, A.S. (1971). Momentum absorption by vegetation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 97, 414-428. 45 Turgeon, É., Pelletier, D., and Ignat, L. (2000). Effects of adaptivity on various finite element schemes for turbulent heat transfer and flow predictions, Numer. Heat Transfer. A 38 847–868. 46 Versteeg, H.K., and Malalaskera, W. (1995). An Introducion to Computational Fluid Dynamics- The Finite Volume Method, pp. 72-75, Addison Wesley Longman Ltd, London, UK. 47 方偉德 (民93) 大氣與森林之間紊流流場之風洞實驗，中央大學土木所碩士論文。 48 朱佳仁 (2003) 環境流體力學，科技圖書出版公司印行。 49 馬震煊 (民94) 吹吸式工業通風氣罩之紊流擴散數值模擬，台灣科技大學機械所碩士論文。 50 譚智宏 (2004) 水田於農業及都會區域溫度和緩功能評估，行政院農委會。; zh-TW; http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/246246/56065; http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/56065/1/ntu-95-R93622025-1.pdf

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المؤلفون: 許志揆, Shu, Jyh-Kwei

المساهمون: 謝正義, 臺灣大學：生物環境系統工程學研究所

مصطلحات موضوعية: 雷諾應力紊流模式, 非均勻地形, k-ε紊流模式, 大氣邊界層, 地表粗糙度, 粗糙密度, Reynolds stress model, nonhomogeneous terrain, k-εmodel, Atmospheric boundary layer, surface roughness, roughness density

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Relation: References 1.Acharya S, Dutta A, Myrum T. A., and Baker R. S., 1994, Turbulent flow a surface-mounted two-dimensional rib, Journal of Fluids Engineering, 16, JUNE. 2.Amano, R. S. and Goel, P., 1984, A numerical study of a separating and reattaching flow by using Reynolds-stress turbulence closure, Numerical Heat Transfer, 7, 343-57. 3.Ando T. and Shakouchi T., 2004, Flow characteristics over forward facing step and through abrupt contraction pipe and drag reduction. Res. Rep. Fac. Eng. Mie Univ., 29, pp. 1-8. 4.Antonia, R. A. and Luxton, R. E., 1971, The response of a turbulent boundary layer to a step change in surface roughness, Part1. Smooth-to-Roughness, J. Fluid Mech., 48, part4, pp. 721-761. 5.Antonia, R. A. and Luxton, R. E., 1972, The response of a turbulent boundary layer to a step change in surface roughness. Part2. Roughness-to-smooth, J. Fluid Mech., 58, part4, pp. 737-757. 6.Antonia, R. A. and Luxton, R. E., 1971a, Trans. ASME, J. Basic Engng., 93, 22. 7.Avelino M. R., Rio D. J., 2000, An experimental/numerical study of the turbulent boundary layer development along a surface with a sudden change in roughness, Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. 22, n.1. 8.Castro, I. P., 1979, Relaxing wakes behind surface-mounted obstacles in rough wall boundary layers, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 93, pp. 631-659. 9.Chou, P. Y., 1945, On velocity correlations and the solution of the equations of turublent fluctuation, Quart. Appl. Math. 3, 31. 10.Daly, B. J. and Harlow, F. H., 1970, Transport equations of turbulence, Phys. Fluids., 13, 2634. 11.Gerald, C.F. and Wheatley P.O., 1999, Applied Numerical Analysis, 6th ed., Addison Wesley Longman, New York, USA. 12.Ghia, U., Ghia, K. N. and Shin, C. T., 1982, High-Re solutions for incompressible flow using the Naiver-Stokes equations and a multigrid method, Journal of Computational Physics 48, 387-411. 13.Hanjalic, K., 1970, Two dimensional asymmetrical turbulent flow in ducts, Ph. D. Thesis, University of London. 14.Hirt, C. W., Nichols, B.D. and Romero, N. C., 1975, SOLA –A numerical solution algorithm for transient fluid flow, LA-5852 technical report, Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, USA. 15.Jacobs, W., 1939 Z. angew Math. Mech., 19. 87. Translation, 1940, NACA T.M. 951. 16.Kim J., Kline S. J., and Johnston J. P., 1980, Investigation of a reattaching turbulent shear layer: Flow over a backward-facing step, Journal of Fluids Engineering, 102, pp.302-308. 17.Lakshminarayana, B., 1986, Turbulence modeling of complex shear flows, AIAA Journal, 24, 12, 1900-17. 18.Launder, B. E., Reece, G. J. and Rodi, W., 1975, Progress in the development of a Reynolds-stress turbulence closure, J. Fluid Mech. (1975), 68, part3, pp. 537-566. 19.Leonard, B. P., 1979, A stable and accurate convective modeling procedure based on quadratic upstream interpolation, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 19, p. 59-98. 20.Logan, E. and Jones, J. B., 1963, Trans. ASME, J. Basic Engng 85, 35. 21.Panofsky, H., and Lumley J., 1964, The structure of atmosphere turbulence, New York, Interscience, 239 pp. 22.Peng, Y. F., 1993, The development and application of an anisotropic Reynolds stress model. Ph. D. Thesis, Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering, National Taiwan University. 23.Peterson, E. W., 1969a: Modification of mean flow and turbulent energy by a change in surface roughness under conditions of neutral stability, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 95, 561-575. 24.Promode R., and Bandyopadhyay, 1987, Rough-wall turbulent boundary layers in the transition regime, J. Fluid Mech. 180, 231-266. 25.Rao K. S, Wynggard, J. C. and Cote, O. R., 1974, Local advection for momentum, heat, and moisture in micrometeorology, 7, 331-346. 26.Rao, K. S., Wyngaard, J. C., and Cote, O. R., 1974, The Structure of the two-dimensional internal boundary layer over a sudden change of surface roughness, J. Atmospheric Sci. 31, 738-746. 27.Reynolds, W. C., 1970. Computation of turbulent flows-state-of-the-art, Standford University Mech. Engng Dept. Rep. MD-27. 28.Rodi, W., 1980. Turbulence models and their application in hydraulics-A state of the art review, IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands. 29.Roland, B. S., 1988, An introduction to boundary layer meteorology. 30.Rotta, J. C. 1951, Statistische theorie nichthomogener turbulenz, Z. Phys. 129, 547. 31.Rotta, J. C., 1972, Turbulente Stromungen, B.G. Teubner, Stuttgart. 32.Savelyev, S. A. and Taylor, P. A., 2005, Internal boundary layers:I. Height formulae for neutral and diabatic flows, Boundary-Layer Meteorology 115: 1-25. 33.Smith G. D., 1985, Numerical solution of partial differential equations: finite difference methods. Oxford [Oxfordshire] : Clarendon Press; New York : Oxford University Press, c1985. 34.Taylor, R. J., 1962, Small scale advection and the neutral wind profile, J. Fluid Mech. 13, 529-539. 35.Townsend, A. A., 1965, The response of a turbulent boundary layer to abrupt changes in surface conditions. J. Fluid Mech., 22, 799-882. 36.Launder, B.E. and Spalding, D. B., 1974, The numerical computation of turbulent flows, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics, 3, pp. 269-289. 37.Townsend, A. A., 1966, The flow in a turbulent boundary layer after a change in surface roughness. J. Fluid Mech., 26, 255-266.; en-US; http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/246246/55948; http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/55948/1/ntu-95-R93622037-1.pdf

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المؤلفون: 胡庭訓, Hu, Ting-Shing

المساهمون: 張倉榮, 臺灣大學：生物環境系統工程學研究所

مصطلحات موضوعية: 計算流體力學, 氣懸微粒軌跡追蹤模式, k-ε紊流模式, computational fluid dynamic, Lagrangian particle trajectory tracking technique, k-ε turbulence model, mechanisms of airborne particulate

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Relation: 1.Ahmadi, G. and Li, A., 2000, Computer simulation of particle transport and deposition near a small isolated building, J. of Wind Eng. and Ind. Aerodyn, 84: 23-46. 2.Anderson, D.A., Tannehill, J.C. and Pletcher, R.H., 1988, Computational Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, McGraw Hill, N.Y. 3.Chen, W.C., Wang, C.S. and Wei., C.C., 1997. An assessment of source concentrations to ambient aerosols in central Taiwan. J. Air Water Manage. Associ., 47: 501-509. 4.Chang, T.J. and Yen, B.C., 1998. Gravitional fall velocity of sphere in viscous fluid. J. Engrg. Mech., 124(11):1193-1199. 5.Chung, K.C., 1999. Three-dimensional analysis of airflow and contaminant particle transport in a partitioned enclosure. Building and Environment, 34:7-17. 6.Clift, R., Grace, J.R., and Weber, M.E., 1978. Bubbles, Drops, and P articles, Academic Press, N.Y. 7.Dick, E., 1996. Introduction to Finite Volume Techniques in Computational Fluid Dynamics, Chap. 11. McGraw Hill, N.Y. 8.Dimitropoulos, C.D., Edwards, B.J., Chae, K.S., and Beris, A.N., 1998. Efficient pseudospectial flow simulations in moderately complex geometries, J. Comp. Phys., 144(2):517-547. 9.Ferziger, J.H. and Peric, M., 2002. Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics, 3rd Edition, Spring, Berlin. 10.Hinds, W.C., 1999. Aerosol Technology: Properties, Behavior, and Measurement of Airborne Particles. John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. 11.Hussaini, M.Y. and Zan, T.A., 1987. Spectral methods in fluid dynamics, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 19: 339-367. 12.Jiang, Y. and Chen, Q., 2001. Study of natural ventilation in buildings by large eddy simulation. J. of Wind Eng. and Ind. Aerodyn., 89: 1155-1178. 13.Launder, B.E. and Sharma, B.I., 1974. Application of the Energy Dissipation Model of Turbulence to the Calculation of Flow Near a Spinning Disc, Letter in Heat and Mass Transfer, 1(2):131-138. 14.Lee, H. and Awbi, H.B., 2004. Effect of internal partitioning on indoor air quality of rooms with missing ventilation-basic study. Building and Environment, 39:127-141. 15.Li, A. and Ahmadi, G., 1992. Dispersion and deposition of spherical particles from point sources in a turbulent channel flow, Aerosol. Sci. and Tech., 16: 209-226. 16.Lu, S.Y., 1996. Narrowest particle size distributions in aerosol processes, J. Chin. Inst. Chem. Eng, 27:71-78 17.Lu, W., Howarth, A.T., Adam, N., and Riffat, S.B., 1996. Modeling and measurement of airflow and aerosol particle distribution in a ventilated two-zone chamber. Building and Environment, 31(5): 417-423. 18.Pope, C.A., and Dockery, D.W., 1992. Acute health effects of PM10 pollution on symptomatic and asymptomatic children. Am. Rev. Respir. Dis., 145(5):1123-1128. 19.Rao, S.S., 2002. Applied Numerical Methods for Engineers and Scientists. Prentice Hall, New Jersey. 20.Schwartz, J., 1993. Particulate air pollution and chronic respiratory disease. Environ. Res., 62: 7-13. 21.Seaton, A., Macnee, W., Donaldson, K. and Godden., D., 1995. Particulate air pollution and acute health effects. Lancet, 345(8943): 176-178. 22.Yakhot, V., Orszag, S.A., Thangam, S., Gatski, T.B. and Speziale, C.G.,1992. Development of Turbulence Models for Shear Flow by a Double Expansion Technique. Physics Fluids, Part A, 4(7):1510-1520. 23.Yang, H.H., Chiang, C.F., Lee, W.J., Hwang, K.P., and Wu, E.M.Y., 1999. Size distribution and dry deposition of road dust PAHs. Environ. Int., 25(5): 585-597. 24.Zhao, B., Zhang, Y., Li, X., Yang, X., and Huang, D., 2004. Comparison of indoor aerosol particle concentration and deposition in different ventilated rooms by numerical method. Building and Environment, 39: 1-8. 25.朱佳仁，2002。「環境流體力學」，科技圖書。 26.吳毓庭，2003，「紊流大渦模擬在二維與三維設施環境問題之研究」，國立台灣大學生物環境系統工程學研究所碩士論文。 27.林亭儀，2003，「環境氣懸微粒在人體呼吸系統沉積之數值模擬」，國立台灣大學生物環境系統工程學研究所碩士論文。 28.謝怡芳，2004，「三維度紊流大渦模擬在多區間建築物室內環境風場之應用研究」，國立台灣大學生物環境系統工程學研究所碩士論文。 29.高宏名，2004「以三維度微粒軌跡追蹤模式研析多區間建築物室內懸浮微粒傳輸行為」，國立台灣大學生物環境系統工程學研究所碩士論文。; zh-TW; http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/handle/246246/56126; http://ntur.lib.ntu.edu.tw/bitstream/246246/56126/1/ntu-94-R92622035-1.pdf

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المؤلفون: 李世鳴, Lee, Shi-min, 陳騰瑞, Chen, Teng-Jui, 許文翰, Sheu, Tony W. H., 淡江大學工學院航空太空學系

المساهمون: 淡江大學航空太空工程學系

مصطلحات موضوعية: MAC, K-ε紊流模式, 雙層模式, FRAM, Filtering Remedy And Methodology, Tensor Viscosity Method, Turbulent Flow, Two Layer Approach, Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equation

Relation: 第三屆海峽兩岸航空太空學術研討會論文集，頁113-120; 第三屆海峽兩岸航空太空學術研討會; http://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:8080/dspace/handle/987654321/84721; http://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:8080/dspace/bitstream/987654321/84721/-1/index.html

الاتاحة: http://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:8080/dspace/handle/987654321/84721
http://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw:8080/dspace/bitstream/987654321/84721/-1/index.html