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1Academic Journal
المؤلفون: Hrenko, Zachary, Nugent, Jeffrey B
المصدر: Topics in Middle Eastern and North African Economies
مصطلحات موضوعية: This paper examines the impact of an important financial reform in the Palestinian territories of West Bank and Gaza (WBG) of the Middle East and North Africa, a region in which bank credit and financial markets have been very heavily constrained. The reform was to allow firms to use their own equipment and other forms of moveable capital instead of only land as collateral for loans so as to make it easier for private firms to get access to credit. We first do so at both the country and firm levels, in the former case measuring its effect on growth of credit using synthetic control techniques in comparing WBG before and after the reform with comparable other countries which did not go through the reform. In the latter case, we use firm level panel data to trace the impacts of the reform on various outcomes at the firm level between 3 years before the reform and 3 years after the reform. In both cases, despite other difficulties that WBG has been going through, we find considerable evidence that this reform has been very effective, Economics
وصف الملف: application/pdf
Relation: https://ecommons.luc.edu/meea/311; https://ecommons.luc.edu/context/meea/article/1310/viewcontent/2021.06.17_20Hrenko_20and_20Nugent_20Proceedings.pdf
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2Academic Journal
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المصدر: Общество: философия, история, культура.
وصف الملف: text/html
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المؤلفون: World Bank
مصطلحات موضوعية: INVESTMENT, TOTAL DEBT, FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENTS, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, DEPOSIT, BOND YIELDS, INFLATION, EMERGING MARKET, FISCAL DEFICIT, EXPROPRIATION, EQUITIES, RURAL CREDIT, TRADE SECTORS, INVESTMENTS, EXPORT GROWTH, PLEDGE, PORTFOLIO INFLOWS, STOCK, FORWARD MARKET, TRANCHES, CONSUMER PRICE INDEX, POVERTY, INVESTORS, COLLATERAL, CREDIT GROWTH, LAND TITLES, BONDS, SHARES, FINANCIAL MARKET, TRANSACTIONS, NON-PERFORMING LOANS, PUBLIC SPENDING, BROKER, GOVERNMENT BUDGET, TRANSPARENCY, REAL EXCHANGE RATE, EMERGING MARKETS, FINANCIAL MARKETS, SPOT MARKET, EMERGING ECONOMIES, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, HOLDING, DEPOSITS, MARKETS, ISSUANCES, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, BORROWING COSTS, PROFIT, INTERNATIONAL FINANCE, VARIABLE COSTS, HOLDING REQUIREMENT, GLOBAL ECONOMY, PROPERTY RIGHTS, BASIS POINTS, BALANCE SHEET, AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES, SWAP, MONETARY POLICY, DISBURSEMENT, INCOME TAXES, RURAL BANK, INTEREST RATES, MARKET, INTEREST PAYMENTS, WORKING CAPITAL, DOMESTIC CREDIT, SECURITIES ISSUANCES, CAPITAL ALLOCATION, PROPERTY, FINANCIAL RISK, BUDGET DEFICIT, FIXED CAPITAL, PORTFOLIO INVESTMENT, DISBURSEMENTS, CURRENCIES, PORTFOLIO FLOWS, TRADE BALANCE, PORTFOLIO, TRADING SYSTEM, POLITICAL ECONOMY, BUDGETS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, INCOME TAX, RETURN ON ASSETS, SECURITY, MARKET PARTICIPANTS, DERIVATIVES, ACCESS TO INFORMATION, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, REGULATORY FRAMEWORK, FISCAL POLICY, LIABILITY, EXCHANGE RATE, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, BOND SALE, EQUIPMENT, REVENUE, CURRENCY, CAPITAL GRANTS, LANDHOLDERS, ECONOMIC POLICIES, BOND, GOVERNMENT SECURITIES, INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, FOREIGN INVESTMENTS, DIRECT INVESTMENT, EQUITY MARKET, EXTERNAL BORROWING, FINANCIAL MARKET PARTICIPANTS, OPTION, LOAN, COMMODITY PRICES, BOND ISSUANCE, INVESTMENT LOAN, SECURITIES, MATURITY, MARKET INTEREST RATE, FUTURE, GOVERNMENT REGULATION, GOVERNMENT INVESTMENT, EMERGING MARKET ECONOMIES, ISSUANCE, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, CONTRACTS, INVESTOR, TRADING, BUDGETING, CAPITAL FORMATION, BOND SPREAD, REVENUES, INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT, CASH TRANSFER, DEFICIT, INVESTMENT SPENDING, LOCAL CURRENCY, INTERNATIONAL INVESTOR, LAND AS COLLATERAL, MARKET ACCESS, INVESTMENT LOANS, PREFERENTIAL MARKET ACCESS, CAPITAL FLOWS, FOREIGN INFLOWS, TAX, FOREIGN INVESTORS, INVENTORY, STOCK MARKET, TREATIES, BUDGET, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, ENTERPRISE CREDIT, GOVERNMENT DEBT, STOCKS, MARKET ECONOMIES, RISK AVERSION, LENDING, BENEFICIARIES, MARKET REQUIREMENTS, INVESTMENT FLOWS, INFLATION RATE, REGISTRATION SYSTEM, SOVEREIGN BONDS, GOVERNMENT BONDS, PLEDGES, GUARANTEE, EMERGING MARKET BOND, RESERVES, GOODS, ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS, LOANS, TREATY, SETTLEMENT, SECURITIES ISSUANCE, RISK MANAGEMENT, LONG-TERM COST, GOVERNMENT BOND YIELD, TARIFF, INVENTORIES, ASSET PRICES, TRANCHE, FINANCE, EXPORTERS, MARKET EQUITIES, EXTERNAL FUNDING, EXTERNAL DEBT, INTERNATIONAL BOND, LEVIES, LABOR MARKET, SHORT-TERM CAPITAL, EMERGING MARKET EQUITIES, DEBT, MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT, BANKING SECTOR, BOND YIELD, CAPITAL ADEQUACY, COMMODITY PRICE, LONG-TERM COSTS, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, RETURN, CONSUMPTION EXPENDITURE, LAND TITLE, LAND VALUE, CAPITAL OUTFLOWS, DOMESTIC DEBT, GOVERNMENT SUPPORT, TAX INCENTIVES, BOND INDEX, FOREIGN EXCHANGE, LEGAL PROTECTION, EXCHANGE, ACCOUNTING, GLOBAL TRADE, FOREIGN EXCHANGE TRANSACTIONS, TARIFFS, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, OIL PRICES, INSURANCE, CLAIMANT, TAXES, EQUITY, GOVERNMENT BOND, BANK LOANS, BASIS POINT, DOUBLE TAXATION, INTEREST RATE SPREADS, PROFITS, EXPENDITURES, GLOBAL BONDS, INTERNATIONAL BANK, INVESTMENT ACTIVITY, CONTRACT, EQUITY INDICES, OIL PRICE, INTEREST, MACROECONOMIC CONDITIONS, FIXED INVESTMENT, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, DEBT BURDEN, CONVERSION, CAPITAL INFLOWS, CONSUMER GOODS, SHARE, CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT, INTEREST RATE, FOREIGN CURRENCY, EXPENDITURE
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المؤلفون: Iarossi, Giuseppe, Clarke, George R. G.
المساهمون: Iarossi, Giuseppe, Clarke, George R. G.
مصطلحات موضوعية: GENDER GAP, TAX RATES, TAX, ECONOMIC GROWTH, EMPLOYERS, ENTREPRENEUR, PERSONAL ASSETS, EXCHANGE RATES, EMPLOYMENT GROWTH, INFORMATIONAL ASYMMETRIES, OVERDRAFT, EXTERNAL FINANCING, BANKING SECTORS, FIRM SIZE, EMPLOYMENT, LICENSING, INCOMPLETE APPLICATION, MANUFACTURERS, INTERNAL FINANCE, INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS, MATERIAL OBSTACLE, PRODUCTIVITY, BRIBE, FINANCE COST, MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENTS, EXPANSION, TRADE FACILITATION, LOAN APPLICATIONS, WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS, RETURNS, BUSINESS OWNERS, ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT, COLLATERAL, COMPANY, CREDIT REPORT, OVERDRAFTS, COLLATERAL REQUIREMENT, LONG-TERM LOANS, BARRIERS TO WOMEN, INTERNAL FUNDS, BRIBES, LABOR COSTS, EARNINGS, HIGH INTEREST RATES, DEBT LEVELS, INVENTORIES, BORROWER, HIGH INTEREST RATE, HOLDING, GENDER GAPS, LOAN APPROVAL, EXPORTERS, ACCESS TO FINANCING, DEBT LEVEL, INTERNATIONAL MARKETS, STATE OWNED BANKS, WAGES, LINE OF CREDIT, RETAINED EARNINGS, FEMALE ENTREPRENEURSHIP, MICROENTERPRISES, DOMESTIC MARKETS, EXPORTER, LABOR MARKET, OVERDRAFT FACILITY, MATERNITY LEAVE, LONG-TERM INVESTMENT, INTEREST RATES, LONG-TERM FINANCE, DEBT, MACROECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT, COST OF CAPITAL, BANKING SECTOR, COUNTRY COMPARISONS, LOAN SIZE, AMOUNT OF COLLATERAL, WORKING CAPITAL, DOMESTIC CREDIT, CASH FLOW, TRADE CREDIT, FEMALE ENTREPRENEURS, FIXED ASSET, PROFITABILITY, FINANCIAL PRODUCTS, FIRM PERFORMANCE, WOMEN BUSINESS OWNERS, ACCESS TO FINANCE, GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS, RETURN, WAGE DIFFERENTIAL, FINANCING SOURCES, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, FAMILY RESPONSIBILITIES, COLLATERAL REQUIREMENTS, EMPLOYEE, FIXED ASSETS, POLICY ENVIRONMENT, FINANCE ACCESS, COLLATERAL AMOUNT, POOR CREDIT HISTORY, LOC, BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT, SMALL FIRM, LENDERS, LINES OF CREDIT, START-UP, ACCOUNTING, ENTREPRENEURIAL POTENTIAL, LENDER, LIMITED ACCESS TO FINANCE, TAXATION, FINANCES, WOMAN, FEMALE BUSINESS, GENDER DIFFERENCES, PENALTIES, SUPPLIERS, FINANCIAL SYSTEM, INDIRECT COST, EXCHANGE RATE, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, HUMAN CAPITAL, EQUIPMENT, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, CURRENCY, HOUSEHOLDS, INTERNAL FINANCING, PRIVATE CREDIT, SIZE OF FIRM, BANK LOANS, BANKS, FINANCIAL INSTITUTION, HUMAN RESOURCES, BORROWING, ECONOMIC CRITERIA, PUBLIC POLICY, LOAN, ACCESS TO CREDIT, ACTUAL COSTS, POLICY DESIGN, CHILD CARE, LEGISLATION, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, MATURITY, PROPRIETORSHIP, LOAN PERIODS, COST OF CREDIT, NEW ENTRANTS, POOR CREDIT, LIMITED ACCESS, BUSINESS OWNER, CREDIT HISTORY, DEVELOPMENT BANK, GENDER EQUALITY, FOREIGN FIRMS, ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE, CORRUPTION, JOB CREATION, NATURAL RESOURCES, SMALL FIRMS, ECONOMIES OF SCALE, TRANSPORT, FINANCIAL SUPPORT, LAWS, SAVINGS, START-UP CAPITAL, FINANCIAL STRUCTURE, UNACCEPTABLE COLLATERAL, WOMEN IN BUSINESS, COLLATERAL AMOUNTS, TAX ADMINISTRATION, GENDER, LOCAL CURRENCY, LAND AS COLLATERAL
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المؤلفون: International Monetary Fund, World Bank
مصطلحات موضوعية: TOTAL DEBT, EXISTING CREDIT, CORPORATE REORGANIZATIONS, DEBT FORGIVENESS, MOVABLE ASSETS, DEPOSIT, EVENT OF DEFAULT, LIQUIDATION, CREDITOR APPROVAL, ESTATE, PRIOR LAW, DEPOSIT INSURANCE, RESTRUCTURING PLAN, RIGHTS OF CREDITORS, FINANCIAL DIFFICULTY, ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES, FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES, AFFECTED CREDITORS, COLLATERAL, RECOVERY RATES, FRAUD, GOOD FAITH, JUDICIAL FORECLOSURE, CREDITORS COMMITTEE, BANKRUPTCY PROCESS, REORGANIZATION, TRANSPARENCY, DEBT RESOLUTION, MORTGAGE, BANK ACCOUNTS, NPL, COURT SYSTEM, INJUNCTIONS, WORKOUTS, HOLDING, DEPOSIT INSURANCE FUND, CREDITORS, ENFORCEMENT METHODS, FINANCIAL PROBLEMS, ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS, SMALL BUSINESSES, PROPERTY RIGHTS, STATE BANKS, INDEBTEDNESS, ASSET MANAGEMENT, CADASTRE, BALANCE SHEET, COMPANY LAW, REORGANIZATION PROCEDURES, AGRICULTURAL LOANS, LIQUIDITY, MORTGAGES, CORPORATE BANKRUPTCY, CORPORATE DEBTS, NEGOTIATIONS, CASH MANAGEMENT, CLAIM, DEBT RESTRUCTURING, DEBTS, ASSET SALES, FORECLOSURE PROCESS, LEGAL REMEDIES, BANK DEBT, CREDITOR RIGHTS SYSTEMS, FOREIGN BANK, ACTIONS BY CREDITORS, CORPORATE FRAUD, LAND RECORDS, OWNERSHIP RIGHTS, CREDIT PROVIDERS, INSOLVENCY, DEBT RECOVERY, BANKRUPTCY, NEGOTIATION, LENDERS, COURT APPROVAL, LEGAL SYSTEM, LENDER, ASSET MANAGEMENT COMPANY, POSSESSION, SOLVENT, INFORMAL WORKOUT PROCEDURES, CREDITOR BODY, INFORMAL WORKOUT, CAPITAL MARKETS, INVOLUNTARY BANKRUPTCY, FINANCIAL CRISES, CORPORATE WORKOUT, LIABILITY, FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS, COURT PROCEEDINGS, INFORMAL ARRANGEMENTS, BANKRUPTCY CASES, JUDGMENT, RETAIL DEBT, COLLECTION OF DEBTS, REORGANIZATION PLANS, LOAN, WORKOUT, IMMOVABLE PROPERTY, NONPERFORMING LOANS, LEGAL SYSTEMS, MINORITY CREDITORS, REPAYMENT, FOREIGN INVESTMENT, DISPOSITION, CLASSES OF CREDITORS, MAJORITY OF CREDITORS, COURT AGREEMENTS, RECEIVERS, ENFORCEMENT RIGHTS, FINANCIAL HEALTH, LEGAL ENVIRONMENT, ACCURATE INFORMATION, MORTGAGE FORECLOSURE, PENDING BANKRUPTCY, DEBTORS, LAND AS COLLATERAL, BANKRUPTCY PETITION, DISPOSITIONS, BANKING SYSTEM, RECEIVERSHIP, REORGANIZATION PROCEDURE, FRAUDULENT TRANSFERS, DISSOLUTION, DISTRIBUTIONS TO CREDITORS, PRIVATE REGISTRY, REORGANIZATION PLAN, CREDITOR, RECEIVER, COURT RULINGS, REORGANIZATION PROCESS, POSSIBLE BANKRUPTCY, FINANCIAL CRISIS, PLEDGES, DEBTOR, ASSETS, ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS, EQUITY SWAPS, ARREARAGES, FORMAL BANKRUPTCY, CORPORATE INSOLVENCY, SETTLEMENT, OWNERSHIP DATA, CORPORATE LAW, BORROWER, HOUSEHOLD DEBT, LAND OWNERSHIP, FINANCIAL DISTRESS, REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS, DISTRESSED COMPANIES, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, PROCEDURES FOR BANKRUPTCY, AUCTION PROCEDURES, CREDIT BUREAU, PUBLIC AUCTIONS, OUT-OF-COURT WORKOUT, PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS, DEFAULTS, INSOLVENCY PROCESS, CREDITOR CLAIMS, ORDERLY EXIT, DISTRESSED ENTERPRISES, CREDITS, BANK CREDITS, NATIONAL BANK, CORPORATE DEBT, OUT-OF-COURT SETTLEMENTS, DEBT RESCHEDULING, JUDICIAL FORECLOSURES, LEGITIMATE CLAIMS, WRIT OF EXECUTION, INSOLVENCY LAWS, CORPORATE DISTRESS, BILLS OF EXCHANGE, LOAN LOSS, REGISTRY SYSTEM, BANKRUPTCY LAW AMENDMENTS, EFFECTIVE INSOLVENCY, COURT PRACTICES, REPRESENTATIVE OF CREDITORS, LOAN MARKET, DISTRESSED ASSETS, OVERDUE DEBT, PENALTIES, RECOVERY RATE, JUDICIAL RESOLUTION, CORPORATE INSOLVENCY LAW, DEBT RESTRUCTURING MECHANISMS, ENFORCEMENT SYSTEMS, LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, CREDITOR PROTECTIONS, CORPORATE FINANCIAL DISTRESS, COURT DECISIONS, INSOLVENCY CASES, WORKOUT AGREEMENTS, OPEN BANK, INTERNATIONAL BANK, REORGANIZATIONS, RESOLUTION MECHANISMS, BANKRUPTCY LAWS, CREDIT CULTURE, MONETARY FUND, FORECLOSURE PROCEDURES, SIMILARLY SITUATED CREDITORS, CREDITOR RIGHTS, DEBT COLLECTION, PETITIONING CREDITORS, INSOLVENCY MECHANISMS, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, CASH COLLATERAL, FORMAL INSOLVENCY, BANKRUPTCY COMMENCEMENT, COMMERCIAL COURT, PLEDGE LAW, CREDITOR PASSIVITY, BANK CREDITORS, BANKRUPTCY LAW, ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURE
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المؤلفون: World Bank
مصطلحات موضوعية: PUBLIC PROCUREMENT LAW, FINANCIAL PLANNING, BUDGET DEFICITS, LABOR FORCE SURVEY, TOTAL DEBT, INTERNAL AUDIT, TAX, BANKING SYSTEM, ADJUDICATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH, GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, PRIVATE INVESTMENT, BASIC SERVICES, PRIVATE SECTOR INVESTMENT, FAMILIES, CASH BALANCES, TRUST FUND, INFLATION, INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, EMPLOYMENT, TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE, EXPROPRIATION, LAND MANAGEMENT, INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS, INVESTOR CONFIDENCE, UNEMPLOYMENT, TERRORISM, MANDATES, PRODUCTIVITY, BRIBE, BANK MARKETS, INVESTMENT FUND, MUNICIPALITIES, RULE OF LAW, DONOR SUPPORT, EXPATRIATE, LICENSES, CRIME, JUSTICE SYSTEM, PUBLIC PROCUREMENT, REGISTRATION SYSTEM, PENSION, AUDITING, STREETS, DOMESTIC BANK, PROCUREMENT, PUBLIC SPENDING, SOCIAL SERVICES, ECONOMIC RECOVERY, MUNICIPAL DEVELOPMENT, BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT, PROCUREMENT LAW, SETTLEMENT, VIOLENCE, TRANSPARENCY, FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE, BANK ACCOUNTS, IMPORT DUTIES, LIVING STANDARDS, BALANCE OF PAYMENTS, HOLDING, PUBLIC SERVICES, WAGES, FINANCIAL STATEMENTS, PROPERTY RIGHTS, GOVERNANCE REFORM, INDEBTEDNESS, SAFETY NET, CADASTRE, JUDICIAL SYSTEMS, PUBLIC EXPENDITURES, INFORMATION SYSTEM, GOVERNMENT EXPENDITURES, DONOR FUNDING, PUBLIC SECTOR, ARREARS, DEBT, FINANCIAL ACCOUNTABILITY, BANK BORROWING, SHORT-TERM BORROWING, MINISTER, PENSION REFORM, PROSECUTION, CAPITAL EXPENDITURES, LAND MARKET, LAND TITLING, EQUALITY, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, AUTONOMY, RETURN, PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION, INVESTMENT CLIMATE, ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, MINISTERS, SOLID WASTE COLLECTION, ELECTRICITY, JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE, ACCESS TO MARKETS, CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATION, FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY, FISCAL AUTONOMY, COLLATERAL FOR LOANS, CREDIBILITY, ECONOMIC SYSTEM, DEFICITS, EXCLUSION, SOCIAL JUSTICE, ROADS, ACCOUNTING, LEGAL SYSTEM, GREATER ACCESS, HUMAN DEVELOPMENT, COMMERCIAL BANK, CONSOLIDATION, JUDICIARY, DOMESTIC BORROWING, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT RATE, LOCAL GOVERNMENTS, POLICE, FISCAL POLICY, EXCHANGE RATE, EQUIPMENT, REMEDIES, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, SUPPLY CHAIN, HOUSEHOLDS, ECONOMIC POLICIES, PRIVATE SECTOR, CRIMINAL, RECURRENT DEFICIT, RECURRENT EXPENDITURES, ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS, BANKS, LAND ADMINISTRATION, TREASURY, INITIATIVE, PERISHABLE GOODS, GOOD GOVERNANCE, HUMAN RESOURCES, LOCAL BANKS, DOMESTIC BANKS, LAND REGISTRATION, NATURAL DISASTER, TAX REVENUES, PUBLIC FINANCE, BUDGET EXECUTION, COMMERCIAL BANKS, MONETARY AUTHORITY, PUBLIC, JUDICIAL SYSTEM, MONETARY FUND, REMEDY, FINANCE MANAGEMENT, REAL ESTATE, HOUSING, TRADING, NEW MARKETS, LEGAL FRAMEWORK, NATIONAL SECURITY, WATER SUPPLY, BUDGETING, NATURAL RESOURCES, TRANSPORT, BIDDING, LAWS, PORTS, PUBLIC INVESTMENT, DONOR INVESTMENTS, CIVIL LAW, REFUGEES, LEADERSHIP, MARKET ECONOMY, RECURRENT BUDGET DEFICIT, ACCOUNTABILITY, ENROLMENT RATE, EXPENDITURE, LAND AS COLLATERAL, OPERATING COSTS, TRANSACTION
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المؤلفون: World Bank
مصطلحات موضوعية: WAREHOUSE, MASS MARKET, INVESTMENT, VALUATION, TAX, COUNTRY RISK, FREE MARKET, CURRENCY HEDGING, REPAYMENT HISTORY, SHAREHOLDERS, DEPOSIT, CURRENCY CRISIS, INFLATION, TRANSACTION COSTS, DISCOUNT, EXPORT MARKETS, RISK OF DEFAULT, OPEN MARKET, STOCKS, AUCTION SYSTEM, FAIR, RURAL CREDIT, FUTURES MARKET, PLEDGE, SALE, LETTERS OF CREDIT, TRANSITION COUNTRIES, STOCK, ARBITRATION, COMPETITIVENESS, RETURNS, COLLATERAL, OPTIONS, REPAYMENT RISK, GUARANTEE, SHARES, TRANSACTIONS, GOODS, PROMISSORY NOTES, RISK MANAGEMENT, STORAGE, MORTGAGE, EXCHANGES, LAND PARCEL, COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE, CAPITAL INVESTMENT, FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, HOLDING, LAND OWNERSHIP, MARKETS, FUTURES CONTRACTS, PROFIT, AUCTION, FINANCE, BID, BANKING INSTITUTIONS, LAND HOLDINGS, PRICES, POLITICAL RISKS, TRADE UNION, HEDGE, FUTURES, SWAPS, WAREHOUSE RECEIPT, WORLD MARKET, SUPPLIER, OVERDRAFT FACILITY, PURCHASING, LIQUIDITY, OVERDRAFT FACILITIES, PRICING, PRICING POLICIES, PRODUCTS, MARKET, SUPPLY, AVERAGE PRICE, AMOUNT OF CREDIT, PROPERTY, DEBTS, AUCTIONS, MARKETING, RETURN, FORM OF COLLATERAL, DEMAND, SURPLUS, PRODUCT, CURRENCIES, TAX INCENTIVES, BANK ACCOUNT, INSURANCE PREMIUM, PRICE RISK, EXCHANGE, RISK MANAGEMENT TOOL, LEGAL SYSTEM, COMMERCIAL BANK, VALUE, DERIVATIVES, INSURANCE MARKET, INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, REPAYMENTS, INTERNATIONAL TRADE, SUPPLIERS, CROP LOSSES, RURAL FINANCE, EXCHANGE RATE, GOOD, EQUIPMENT, DATE OF MATURITY, INSURANCE, SUPPLY CHAIN, CURRENCY, PRICE, HOLDINGS, SPREAD, TRANSITION ECONOMIES, PRICE RISK MANAGEMENT, INTERNATIONAL STANDARD, INTRINSIC VALUE, DIRECT INVESTMENT, MARKET PRICE, PRICE VOLATILITY, DEFAULT, OPTION, PROFITS, DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, MATURITY, FUTURE, MARKET SHARE, FUTURES CONTRACT, CONTRACT, DISCOUNTS, CREDIT SYSTEMS, LIEN, CREDIT HISTORY, SALES, REPAYMENT, MARKET RISK, ISSUANCE, CONTRACTS, INTEREST, TRADING, LOCAL BANK, MARKET SHARES, TRANSACTION COST, SHARE, INTEREST RATE, LETTER OF CREDIT, CREDIT WORTHINESS, VOLATILITY, LAND AS COLLATERAL, TRANSACTION, FUTURES MARKETS
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المؤلفون: Geron, Maria Piedad S.
مصطلحات موضوعية: productivity, coconut industry, land management, collateral, credit market, sugar products, crop production
