يعرض 1 - 20 نتائج من 774 نتيجة بحث عن '"Giese, B."', وقت الاستعلام: 0.63s تنقيح النتائج
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    المساهمون: L.C. Slivinski, G.P. Compo, J.S. Whitaker, P.D. Sardeshmukh, B.S. Giese, C. Mccoll, R. Allan, X. Yin, R. Vose, H. Titchner, J. Kennedy, L.J. Spencer, L. Ashcroft, S. Bronnimann, M. Brunet, D. Camuffo, R. Corne, T.A. Cram, R. Crouthamel, F. Dominguez-Castro, J.E. Freeman, J. Gergi, E. Hawkin, P.D. Jone, S. Jourdain, A. Kaplan, H. Kubota, F.L. Blancq, T.-. Lee, A. Lorrey, J. Luterbacher, M. Maugeri, C.J. Mock, G.W.K. Moore, R. Przybylak, C. Pudmenzky, C. Reason, V.C. Slonosky, C.A. Smith, B. Tinz, B. Trewin, M.A. Valente, X.L. Wang, C. Wilkinson, K. Wood, P. Wyszynski

    Relation: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000495449800003; volume:145; issue:724; firstpage:2876; lastpage:2908; numberofpages:33; journal:QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY; http://hdl.handle.net/2434/698507; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85071142011

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    Academic Journal

    المصدر: Giese B, Friess JL, Schetelig MF, et al. Gene Drives: Dynamics and regulatory matters – A report from the workshop “Evaluation of spatial and temporal control of Gene Drives”, 4 – 5 April 2019, Vienna. BioEssays . 2019;41(11). doi: 10.1002/bies.201900151

    مصطلحات موضوعية: ddc:570

    Relation: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1521-1878; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000489502000001; https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/6857; https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/6857/6939

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    Academic Journal
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    Academic Journal

    المساهمون: F. Beaufil, N. Cmiljanovic, V. Cmiljanovic, T. Bohnacker, A. Melone, R. Marone, E. Jackson, X. Zhang, A. Sele, C. Borsari, J. Mestan, P. Hebeisen, P. Hillmann, B. Giese, M. Zvelebil, D. Fabbro, R.L. William, D. Rageot, M.P. Wymann

    مصطلحات موضوعية: Settore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceutica

    Relation: info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000411171700022; volume:60; issue:17; firstpage:7524; lastpage:7538; numberofpages:15; journal:JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY; https://hdl.handle.net/2434/1012750; info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85029493910

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    Conference

    المساهمون: Lee, T., NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109, Stammer, D., Institut für Meereskunde, KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany, Awaji, T., Division of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, Balmaseda, M., European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecast, ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading RG2 9AX, UK, Behringer, D., NOAA/National Center for Environmental Prediction/NOAA, 5200 Auth Rd, Camp Springs, MD 20746-4304, USA, Carton, J., Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, 3413 Computer & Spaces Sci. Bldg., Univ. MD., College Park, MD 20742, Ferry, N., Mercator-Océan, 8-10 rue Hermès, 31520 Ramonville Saint-Agne, France, Fischer, A., Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - 1 rue Miollis - 75732 Paris cedex 15 - France, Fukumori, I., NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, Giese, B., Dept of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA, Haines, K., Reading University, Marine Informatics and Reading e-Science Centre, ESSC, Harry Pitt Bld, 3 Earley Gate, Reading University, Reading RG6 6AL, UK, Harrison, E., NOAA/PMEL/OCRD, 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, WA 98115 USA, Heimbach, P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, MA 02139 USA, Kamachi, M., Oceanographic Research Department, Meteorological Research Institute, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba 305-0052, Japan., Keppenne, C., NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA, Kohl, A., Masina, S., Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia, Menemenlis, D., NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA, Ponte, R., Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, Remy, E., Mercator-Océan, 8-10 rue Hermès, 31520 RAMONVILLE ST AGNE, France, Rienecker, M., Rosati, A., NOAA Geophysics Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton University Forrestal Campus 201 Forrestal Road, Princeton, NJ 08540-6649, USA, Schroter, J., Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Postfach 12 01 61, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany, Smith, D., Met Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, EX1 3PB, UK, Weaver, A., Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique, 42 avenue Gaspard Coriolis, 31057 Toulouse, France, Wunsch, C., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge MA 02139 USA, Xue, Y., Hall, J., Nationale Institute of Water and Atmosphere, Hamilton Box 11-115, Hamilton, New Zeland, Harrison, D. E., NOAA/PMEL/OCRD, 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, WA 98125 USA

    Relation: Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations for Society; 1. Balmaseda, M.A., G.C. Smith, K. Haines, et al. 2007: Historical reconstruction of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation from the ECMWF operational ocean reanalysis. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L23615, doi:10.1029/2007GL031645. 2. Bahurel P., et al., 2006: MERCATOR OCEAN Global to regional ocean monitoring and forecasting. In “Ocean Weather Forecasting: An Integrated View of Oceanography”, E.P. Chassignet and J. Verron (Eds.), Springer, 381-395. 3. Bryden, H.L., H.R. Longworth, and S.A. Cunningham, 2005: Slowing of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 25 degrees N. Nature, 438, 655-657. 4. Cabanes, C., T. Lee, and L.-L. Fu, 2008: Mechanisms of Interannual Variations of the Meridional Overturning Circulation of the North Atlantic Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 467-480. 5. Capotondi A., A. Wittenberg , S. Masina, 2006. Spatial and temporal structure of ENSO in 20th century coupled simulations. Ocean Modelling, 15, (3-4), 274-298 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2006.02.004). 6. Carton, J.A., B.S. Giese, and S.A. Grodsky, 2005: Sea level rise and the warming of the oceans in the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA) ocean reanalysis. J. Geophys. Res., 110, C09006, doi:10.1029/2004JC002817. 7. Carton, J.A. and A. Santorelli, 2009: Global Decadal Upper-Ocean Heat Content as Viewed in Nine Analyses. J. Clim., 21, 6015-6035. 8. Chao BF, Au AY, Boy JP, et al., 2003: Time-variable gravity signal of an anomalous redistribution of water mass in the extratropic Pacific during 1998-2002, Geochem Geophys. Geosys. 4, Art. No. 1096. 9. Chassignet, E.P., H.E. Hurlburt, E.J. Metzger, O.M. Smedstad, J. Cummings, G.R. Halliwell, R. Bleck, R. Baraille, A.J. Wallcraft, C. Lozano, H.L. Tolman, A. Srinivasan, S. Hankin, P. Cornillon, R. Weisberg, A. Barth, R. He, F. Werner, and J. Wilkin, 2009: U.S. GODAE: Global ocean prediction with the HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM). Oceanography, 22(2), 48-59. 10. Cunningham, S.A., T. Kanzow, and D. Rayner, et al., 2007: Temporal variability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 26.5 degrees N. Science, 317, 935-938. 11. Dickey, J. O., S. L. Marcus, O. de Viron, and I. Fukumori, 2002. Recent Earth oblateness variations: Unraveling climate and postglacial rebound effects, Science, 298, 1975-1977. 12. Du, Y, T.-D. Qu, and G. Meyers, 2008: Interannual variability of sea surface temperature off Java and Sumatra in a global GCM. J. Clim., 21, 11, 2451-2465. 13. Dutkiewicz, S., Follows, M., Marshall, J and W. Gregg, 2001: Interannual variability in phytoplankton abundances in the North Atlantic. Deep-Sea Res. II, 48, 2323-2344. 14. Dutkiewicz, S., M.J. Follows, P. Heimbach and J. Marshall, 2006: Controls on ocean productivity and air-sea carbon flux: An adjoint model sensitivity study. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L02603, doi:10.1029/2005GL024987. 15. Fukumori, I., T. Lee, B. Cheng, and D. Menemenlis, 2004: The origin, pathway, and destination of NINO3 water estimated by a simulated passive tracer and its adjoint. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 582-604. 16. Fukumori, I., D. Menemenlis, T. Lee, 2007: A near-uniform basin-wide sea level fluctuation of the Mediterranean Sea. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 37, 338-358. 17. Gemmell, A. G. Smith, K. Haines and J. Blower (2009) Validation of ocean model syntheses against hydrography using a new web application J.Op. Oceangr., submitted. 18. Gross, R.S., I. Fukumori, and D. Menemenlis., 2005: Atmospheric and Oceanic Excitation of Decadal-Scale Earth Orientation Variations. J. Geophys. Res., 110, B09405, doi:10.1029/2004JB003565. 19. Halkides, D., and T. Lee, 2009: Mechanisms controlling seasonal-to-interannual mixed-layer temperature variability in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., 114, C02012, doi:10.1029/2008JC004949. 20. Kim, S.-B., T. Lee, and I. Fukumori, 2004: The 1997-99 abrupt change of the upper ocean temperature in the northcentral Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L22304, doi:10.1029/2004GL021142. 21. Kim, S.-B., T. Lee, I. Fukumori, 2007: Mechanisms controlling the interannual variation of mixed layer temperature averaged over the NINO3 region. J. Clim., 20, 3822-3843. 22. Köhl, A., D. Stammer, and B. Cornuelle, 2007: Interannual to decadal changes in the ECCO global synthesis. J. Phy. Oceanogr., 37, 313-337. 23. Köhl, A., and D. Stammer, 2008a: Decadal sea level changes in the 50-year GECCO ocean synthesis. J. Clim., 21, 1866-1890. 24. Köhl, A. and D. Stammer, 2008b: Variability of the meridional overturning in the North Atlantic from 50-year GECCO state estimation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 1913 -1930. 25. Lee, T., and I. Fukumori, 2003: Interannual to decadal variation of tropical-subtropical exchange in the Pacific Ocean: boundary versus interior pycnocline transports. J. Climate. 16, 4022-4042. 26. Lee, T., and M.J. McPhaden 2008: Decadal phase change in large-scale sea level and winds in the Indo-Pacific region at the end of the 20th century. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L01605, doi:10.1029/2007GL032419. 27. Masina S., P. Di Pietro, A. Navarra A., 2004. Interannual-to-decadal variability of the North Atlantic from an ocean data assimilation system. Climate Dynamics, 23, 531-546. DOI:10.1007/s00382-004-0453-6. 28. Masuda, S., T. Awaji, N. Sugiura, T. Toyoda, Y. Ishikawa, K. Horiuchi, 2006: Interannual variability of temperature inversions in the subarctic North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, doi:10.1029/2006GL027865. 29. McKinley, G. M.J. Follows and J. Marshall, 2000: Interannual variability of oxygen fluxes in the North Atlantic. Geo. Res. Letters., 27, 2933-2936. 30. McKinley, G., M.J. Follows and J. Marshall, 2004: Mechanisms of air-sea CO2 flux variability in the Equatorial Pacific and north Atlantic: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol 18,doi:10.1029/2003GB002179. 31. McPhaden, M.J., 2002: Mixed layer temperature balance on intraseasonal timescales in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. J. Clim., 15, 2632-2647. 32. Oke, P. R., and A. Schiller, 2007: A model-based assessment and design of a tropical Indian Ocean mooring array. J. Clim., 20, 3269-3283. 33. Ponte, R.M., D. Stammer and C. Wunsch, 2001: Improving ocean angular momentum estimates using a model constrained by data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1775-1778. 34. Rabe, B., F.A. Schott, and A. Köhl, 2008: Mean circulation and variability of the tropical Atlantic during 1952-2001 in the GECCO assimilation fields. J. Phy. Oceanpgr., 38, 177-192. 35. Romanova, V., A. Köhl, D. Stammer, C. Klepp, S. Bakan et al., 2009: Surface freshwater fluxes from GECCO and HOAPS. Submitted. 36. Schoenefeldt, R., and F. A. Schott, 2006: Decadal variability of the Indian Ocean cross-equatorial exchange in SODA. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L08602, doi:10.1029/2006GL025891. 37. Schott, F.A., W.-Q. Wang, and D. Stammer, 2007: Variability of Pacific subtropical cells in the 50-year ECCO assimilation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L05604, doi:10.1029/2006GL028478. 38. Schott, F.A., L. Stramma, W. Wang , et al., 2008: Pacific Subtropical Cell variability in the SODA 2.0.2/3 assimilation. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L10607, doi:10.1029/2008GL033757. 39. Stammer, D., C. Wunsch, I. Fukumori, and J. Marshall, 2002: State estimation improves prospects for ocean research. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Vol. 83, Nr. 27, p. 289, 294--295. 40. Stammer, D., C. Wunsch, R. Giering, C. Eckert, P. Heimbach, J. Marotzke, A. Adcroft, C.N. Hill, and J. Marshall, 2002: The global ocean circulation during 1992 –1997, estimated from ocean observations and a general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 107(C9), 3118, doi:10.1029/2001JC000888. 41. Stammer, D., C. Wunsch, and R. Giering, et al. 2003: Volume, heat, and freshwater transports of the global ocean circulation 1993-2000, estimated from a general circulation model constrained by World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) data. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 3007, doi:10.1029/2001JC001115. 42. Stammer, D., K. Ueyoshi, A. Köhl, W.B. Large, S. Josey, and C. Wunsch, 2004: Estimating Air-Sea Fluxes of Heat, Freshwater and Momentum Through Global Ocean Data Assimilation. J. Geophys. Res., 109, C05023, doi:10.1029/2003JC002082. 43. Stammer, D. 2005: Adjusting internal model errors through ocean state estimation. J. Phy. Oceanogr., 35, 1143-1153. 44. Sugiura, N., T. Awaji, S. Masuda, et al. 2008: Development of a four-dimensional variational coupled data assimilation system for enhanced analysis and prediction of seasonal to interannual climate variations. J. Geophys. Res., 113, C10017, doi:10.1029/2008JC004741. 45. Toyoda, T., T. Awaji, S. Masuda, N. Sugiura, H. Igarashi, T. Mochizuki, and Y. Ishikawa, 2009: Interannual variability of North Pacific eastern subtropical mode water formation in the 1990s derived from a 4-dimensional variational ocean data assimilation experiment. J. Geophys. Res., submitted. 46. Volkov, D. L., T. Lee, and L.-L. Fu, 2008: Eddy-induced meridional heat transport in the ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., doi:10.1029/2008GL035490. 47. Wang, W.-M and M.J. McPhaden, 2000: The surface-layer heat balance in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Part II: Interannual variability. J. Phy. Oceanogr., 30, 2989-3008. 48. Wang, O., I. Fukumori, T. Lee, and B. Cheng, 2004: On the cause of eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean T-S variations associated with El Nino. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L15310, doi:10.1029/2004GL02472. 49. Wunsch, C. and P. Heimbach, 2006: Estimated decadal changes in the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and heat flux 1993-2004. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 36, 11, 2012-2024. 50. Wunsch, C., R.M. Ponte, P. Heimbach, 2007: Decadal trends in sea level patterns: 1993-2004. J. Clim., 20, 5889-5911. 51. Zhang, S., M.J. Harrison, A. Rosati et al, 2007: System Design and Evaluation of Coupled Ensemble Data Assimilation for Global Oceanic Studies. Mon. Wea. Rev., 135, 3541-3564.; http://hdl.handle.net/2122/5826

  15. 15
    Conference

    المساهمون: Stammer, D., für Meereskunde, KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany, Kohl, A., Awaji, T., Faculty of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-01 – Japan, Balmaseda, M., ECMWF, Shinfield Park, Reading, RG2 9AX, UK, Behringer, D., Climate Prediction Center, NCEP/NOAA, 5200 Auth Road, Room 605, Camp Springs, MD 20746, Carton, J., Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, 3413 Computer & Spaces Sci. Bldg., Univ. MD., College Park, MD 20742, Ferry, N., Mercator-Océan, 8-10 rue Hermès, 31520 Ramonville Saint-Agne, France, Fischer, A., Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization - 1 rue Miollis - 75732 Paris cedex 15 - France, Fukumori, I., NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Dr., Pasadena, CA 91109, Giese, B., Dept of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA, Haines, K., e-Science Centre, ESSC, Harry Pitt Bld, 3 Earley Gate, Reading University, Reading RG6 6AL, Harrison, E., NOAA/PMEL/OCRD, 7600 Sand Point Way NE Seattle, WA 98125 USA, Heimbach, P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge MA 02139 USA, Kamachi, M., Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, 1-1 Nagamine, Tsukuba 305-0052, Japan, Keppenne, C., Global Modeling and Assimilation Office, Code 610.1, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA, Lee, T., Masina, S., Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione Bologna, Bologna, Italia, Menemenlis, D., Ponte, R., Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Inc., 131 Hartwell Avenue, Lexington, MA 02421-3126 USA, Remy, E., Rienecker, M., Rosati, A., Geophysics Fluid Dynamics, Princeton University, PO Box 308, Princeton NJ 08540, U.S.A., Schroter, J., Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Postfach 12 01 61, 27515 Bremerhaven, Germany, Smith, D., Met Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, UK, Weaver, A., Centre Européen de Recherche et de Formation Avancée en Calcul Scientifique, 42 avenue Gaspard Coriolis, 31057 Toulouse, France, Wunsch, C., Xue, Y., Hall, J., Nationale Institute of Water and Atmosphere, Hamilton Box 11-115, Hamilton, New Zeland, Harrison, D. E., Institut für Meereskunde, KlimaCampus, University of Hamburg, Bundesstr. 53, 20146 Hamburg, Germany

    Relation: Proceedings of OceanObs'09: Sustained Ocean Observations for Society; 1. Munk, W. & Wunsch C. (1982). Observing the Ocean in the 1990s. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond., A307, 439-464. 2. Marshall, J., Adcroft A., Hill C., Perelman L. & Heisey C. (1997). A finite-volume, incompressible Navier-Stokes model for studies of the ocean on parallel computers, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 5753-5766. 3. Giering, R. & Kaminski T. (1998). Recipes for adjoint code construction. ACM Trans. on Math. Software, 24, 437-474. 4. Marotzke, J., Giering R., Zhang Q. K., Stammer D., Hill C. N. & Lee T. (1999). Construction of the adjoint MIT ocean general circulation model and application to Atlantic heat transport sensitivity. J. Geophys. Research, 104, 29,529 - 29,548. 5. Stammer, D., Wunsch C., Giering R., Eckert C., Heimbach P., Marotzke J., Adcroft A., Hill C.N. & Marshall J. (2002a). The global ocean circulation during 1992 --1997, estimated from ocean observations and a general circulation model. J. Geophys. Res., 107(C9), 3118, doi:10.1029/2001JC000888. 6. Stammer, D., Wunsch C., Fukumori I. & Marshall J. (2002b). State estimation improves prospects for ocean research. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Volume 83, Nr. 27, p. 289, 294--295. 7. Lee, T. & Co-Authors (2010). Ocean State Estimation for Climate Research. In Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21-25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306 8. Stammer, D., Ueyoshi K., Köhl A., Large W.B., Josey S. & Wunsch C. (2004). Estimating Air-Sea Fluxes of Heat, Freshwater and Momentum Through Global Ocean Data Assimilation. J. Geophys. Res., 109, C05023, doi:10.1029/2003JC002082. 9. Carton, J.A. & Giese B.S. (2008). A reanalysis of ocean climate using Simple Ocean Data Assimilation (SODA). Mon. Wea. Rev., 136, 2999-3017. 10. Wunsch, C., Ponte R.M. & Heimbach P. (2007). Decadal trends in sea level patterns: 1993-2004. J. Clim., 20, 5889-5911. 11. Köhl, A. & Stammer D. (2008a). Variability of the meridional overturning in the North Atlantic from 50-year GECCO state estimation. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 38, 1913 -1930. 12. Köhl, A. & Stammer D. (2008b). Decadal sea level changes in the 50-year GECCO ocean synthesis. J. Clim., 21, 1866-1890. 13. Fukumori, I., Lee T., Cheng B. & Menemenlis D. (2004). The origin, pathway & destination of NINO3 water estimated by a simulated passive tracer and its adjoint. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 34, 582-604. 14. Wang, O., Fukumori I., Lee T. & Cheng B. (2004). On the cause of eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean T-S variations associated with El Nino. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L15310, doi:10.1029/2004GL02472. 15. Masuda, S., Awaji T., Sugiura N., Toyoda T., Ishikawa Y. & Horiuchi K. (2006). Interannual variability of temperature inversions in the subarctic North Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, doi:10.1029/2006GL027865. 16. Toyoda, T., Awaji T., Masuda S., Sugiura N., Igarashi H., Mochizuki T. & Ishikawa Y. (2009). Interannual variability of North Pacific eastern subtropical mode water formation in the 1990s derived from a 4-dimensional variational ocean data assimilation experiment. (submitted to J. Geophys. Res.). 17. Kim, S.-B., Lee T. & Fukumori I. (2004). The 1997-99 abrupt change of the upper ocean temperature in the northcentral Pacific. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L22304, doi:10.1029/2004GL021142. 18 Kim, S.-B., Lee T. & Fukumori I. (2007). Mechanisms controlling the interannual variation of mixed layer temperature averaged over the NINO3 region. J. Clim, 20, 3822-3843. 19. Halkides, D. & T. Lee (2009). Mechanisms controlling seasonal-to-interannual mixed-layer temperature variability in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean. J. Geophys. Res., in press. 20. Stammer, D., Wunsch C. & Giering R., et al. (2003). Volume, heat, and freshwater transports of the global ocean circulation 1993-2000, estimated from a general circulation model constrained by World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) data/ J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 108, 21. Masina S., Di Pietro P. & Navarra A. (2004). Interannual-to-decadal variability of the North Atlantic from an ocean data assimilation system. Climate Dynamics, 23, 531-546, doi:10.1007/s00382-004-0453-6. 22. Capotondi, A., Wittenberg A. & Masina S. (2006). Spatial and temporal structure of ENSO in 20th century coupled simulations. Ocean Modelling, 15, (3-4), 274-298. 23. Pierce, D. W., Barnett T. P., Tokmakian R., Semtner A., Maltrud M., Lynsey J. & Craig A. (2004). The ACPI project, element 1: Initializing a coupled climate model from observed initial conditions. Clim. Change, 62, 13-28. 24. Pohlmann, H., Jungclaus J., Marotzke J., Köhl A. & Stammer D. (2009). Improving Predictability through the Initialization of a Coupled Climate Model with Global Oceanic Reanalysis. J. Clim., 22, 10.1175/2009JCLI2535., p. 3926 — 3938. 25. Trenberth, K.E. & Co-Authors (2010). Atmospheric reanalyses: A major resource for ocean product development and modeling. In Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21-25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306 26. Balmaseda, M. & Co-Authors (2010). Initialization for Seasonal and Decadal Forecasts. In Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21-25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306 27 Heimbach, P. & Co-Authors (2010). Observational Requirements for Global-scale Ocean Climate Analysis: Lessons from Ocean State Estimation. In Proceedings of OceanObs’09: Sustained Ocean Observations and Information for Society (Vol. 2), Venice, Italy, 21-25 September 2009, Hall, J., Harrison, D.E. & Stammer, D., Eds., ESA Publication WPP-306 28. Domingues, C. M., Church J. A., White N. J., Gleckler P. J., Wijffels S. E., Barker P. M. & Dunn J. R. (2008). Improved estimates of upper-ocean warming and multi-decadal sea-level rise. Nature, 453, 1090–1093. 29. Wijffels, S. E., Willis J., Domingues C. M., Barker P., White N. J., Gronell A., Ridgeway K., Church J. A. (2008). Changing eXpendable BathyThermograph fall-rates and their impact on estimates of thermosteric sea level rise. J. Clim., 21, 5657-5672. 30. Munk W. (2003). Ocean freshening, sea level rising. Science, 300, 2041-2043. 31. Cazenave, A., Dominh K., Guinehut S., Berthier E., Llovel W., Ramillien G., Ablain M. & Larnicol G. (2009). Sea level budget over 2003–2008: A reevaluation from GRACE space gravimetry, satellite altimetry and Argo. 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