المؤلفون: Ghosh, Soumik, Miller, Arthur J., Subramaniam, Aneesh C., Bhatla, R., Das, Sushant, 1985

المصدر: Climate Dynamics. 61(7-8):3237-3251

مصطلحات موضوعية: Extended empirical orthogonal function (EEOF), Indian summer monsoon (ISM), Monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO), Northward propagation of monsoon, REGional Climate Model v4.7 (RegCM4.7)

وصف الملف: print

URL الوصول: https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-234653

المؤلفون: Mantilla Quintero, Juan Diego

المساهمون: Hoyos Ortiz, Carlos David

المصدر: Repositorio UN
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
instacron:Universidad Nacional de Colombia

مصطلحات موضوعية: Extended Empirical Orthogonal Function (EEOF), IndoPacífico tropical, Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), Variabilidad interanual, Inter-basin Interaction, 629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería [620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines], El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Climatic changes, Oscilación de Madden-Julian (MJO), Interacción entre cuencas, 551 - Geología, hidrología, meteorología [550 - Ciencias de la tierra], Indian Ocean basin-wide Mode (IOBM), Deterministic Chaos, Variabilidad intraestacional (ISV), Interannual variability, Caos determinístico, Intraseasonal variability (ISV), Cambios climáticos, Funciones ortogonales empíricas extendidas (EEOF), El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENSO), Dipolo del Océano Índico (IOD), CMIP6, Tropical Indo-Pacific

وصف الملف: 117 páginas; application/pdf

URL الوصول: https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=dedup_wf_001::d8d0e42f58c5709975684de054ecae42
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/82703

المؤلفون: Mantilla Quintero, Juan Diego

المساهمون: Hoyos Ortiz, Carlos David

مصطلحات موضوعية: 550 - Ciencias de la tierra::551 - Geología, hidrología, meteorología, 620 - Ingeniería y operaciones afines::629 - Otras ramas de la ingeniería, Cambios climáticos, Climatic changes, El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Inter-basin Interaction, Tropical Indo-Pacific, Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Indian Ocean basin-wide Mode (IOBM), Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), Intraseasonal variability (ISV), Interannual variability, CMIP6, Extended Empirical Orthogonal Function (EEOF), Deterministic Chaos, El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENSO), Interacción entre cuencas, IndoPacífico tropical, Dipolo del Océano Índico (IOD), Oscilación de Madden-Julian (MJO), Variabilidad intraestacional (ISV), Variabilidad interanual, Funciones ortogonales empíricas extendidas (EEOF), Caos determinístico

وصف الملف: 117 páginas; application/pdf

Relation: RedCol; LaReferencia; Achuta Rao, K. and Sperber, K. R. (2006). ENSO simulation in coupled ocean-atmosphere models: Are the current models better? Climate Dynamics, 27(1).; Alexander, M. A., Bladé, I., Newman, M., Lanzante, J. R., Lau, N. C., and Scott, J. D. (2002). The atmospheric bridge: The influence of ENSO teleconnections on air-sea inter- action over the global oceans. Journal of Climate, 15(16):2205–2231.; An, S. I. and Kim, J. W. (2018). ENSO Transition Asymmetry: Internal and External Causes and Intermodel Diversity. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(10):5095–5104.; Annamalai, H., Kida, S., and Hafner, J. (2010). Potential Impact of the Tropical Indian Ocean–Indonesian Seas on El Niño Characteristics*. Journal of Climate, 23(14):3933– 3952.; Annamalai, H., Murtugudde, R., Potemra, J., Xie, S. P., Liu, P., and Wang, B. (2003). Coupled dynamics over the Indian Ocean: Spring initiation of the Zonal Mode. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 50(12-13):2305–2330.; Annamalai, H., Xie, S. P., McCreary, J. P., and Murtugudde, R. (2005). Impact of Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature on Developing El Niño*. Journal of Climate, 18(2):302– 319.; Ashok, K., Guan, Z., and Yamagata, T. (2003). A look at the relationship between the ENSO and the Indian Ocean Dipole. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 81(1):41–56.; Bak, P. (1986). The Devil’s staircase. Physics Today, 39(12):38–45.; Baquero-Bernal, A., Latif, M., and Legutke, S. (2002). On Dipolelike Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in the Tropical Indian Ocean. Journal of Climate, 15(11):1358–1368.; Barnston, A. G., Tippett, M. K., L’Heureux, M. L., Li, S., and Dewitt, D. G. (2012). Skill of real-time seasonal ENSO model predictions during 2002-11: Is our capability increasing? Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 93(5):631–651.; Battisti, D. S. and Hirst, A. C. (1989). Interannual variability in a tropical atmosphere- ocean model: influence of the basic state, ocean geometry and nonlinearity. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 46(12):1687–1712.; Behera, S. K., Luo, J. J., Masson, S., Rao, S. A., Sakuma, H., and Yamagata, T. (2006). A CGCM study on the interaction between IOD and ENSO. Journal of Climate, 19(9):1688– 1705.; Bellenger, H., Guilyardi, E., Leloup, J., Lengaigne, M., and Vialard, J. (2014). ENSO representation in climate models: From CMIP3 to CMIP5. Climate Dynamics, 42(7- 8):1999–2018.; Benedict, J. J., Pritchard, M. S., and Collins, W. D. (2015). Sensitivity of MJO propagation to a robust positive Indian Ocean dipole event in the superparameterized CAM. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 7(4):1901–1917.; Bjerknes, J. (1969). Atmospheric Teleconnections from the Equatorial Pacific. Monthly Weather Review, 97(3):163–172.; Blanke, B., Neelin, J. D., and Gutzler, D. (1997). Estimating the effect of stochastic wind stress forcing on ENSO irregularity. Journal of Climate, 10(7):1473–1486.; Bohr, T., Bak, P., and Jensen, M. H. (1984). Transition to chaos by interaction of resonances in dissipative systems. II. Josephson junctions, charge-density waves, and standard maps. Physical Review A, 30(4):1970–1981.; Boucher, O., Denvil, S., Levavasseur, G., Cozic, A., Caubel, A., Foujols, M.-A., Meurdesoif, Y., Balkanski, Y., Checa-Garcia, R., Hauglustaine, D., Bekki, S., and Marchand, M. (2020). IPSL IPSL-CM5A2-INCA model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Boucher, O., Denvil, S., Levavasseur, G., Cozic, A., Caubel, A., Foujols, M.-A., Meurdesoif, Y., Balkanski, Y., Checa-Garcia, R., Hauglustaine, D., Bekki, S., and Marchand, M. (2021). IPSL IPSL-CM6A-LR-INCA model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Boucher, O., Denvil, S., Levavasseur, G., Cozic, A., Caubel, A., Foujols, M.-A., Meurdesoif, Y., Cadule, P., Devilliers, M., Ghattas, J., Lebas, N., Lurton, T., Mellul, L., Musat, I., Mignot, J., and Cheruy, F. (2018). IPSL IPSL-CM6A-LR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Boulanger, J. P., Menkes, C., and Lengaigne, M. (2004). Role of high- and low-frequency winds and wave reflection in the onset, growth and termination of the 1997-1998 El Niño. Climate Dynamics, 22(2-3):267–280.; Bracco, A., Kucharski, F., Molteni, F., Hazeleger, W., and Severijns, C. (2005). Internal and forced modes of variability in the Indian Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 32(12):1–4.; Brown, J. R., Brierley, C. M., An, S. I., Guarino, M. V., Stevenson, S., Williams, C. J., Zhang, Q., Zhao, A., Abe-Ouchi, A., Braconnot, P., Brady, E. C., Chandan, D., D’Agostino, R., Guo, C., Legrande, A. N., Lohmann, G., Morozova, P. A., Ohgaito, R., O’Ishi, R., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Richard Peltier, W., Shi, X., Sime, L., Volodin, E. M., Zhang, Z., and Zheng, W. (2020). Comparison of past and future simulations of ENSO in CMIP5/PMIP3 and CMIP6/PMIP4 models. Climate of the Past, 16(5).; Cai, W., Wu, L., Lengaigne, M., Li, T., McGregor, S., Kug, J.-S., Yu, J.-Y., Stuecker, M. F., Santoso, A., Li, X., Ham, Y.-G., Chikamoto, Y., Ng, B., McPhaden, M. J., Du, Y., Dommenget, D., Jia, F., Kajtar, J. B., Keenlyside, N., Lin, X., Luo, J.-J., Martı́n-Rey, M., Ruprich-Robert, Y., Wang, G., Xie, S.-P., Yang, Y., Kang, S. M., Choi, J.-Y., Gan, B., Kim, G.-I., Kim, C.-E., Kim, S., Kim, J.-H., and Chang, P. (2019). Pantropical climate interactions. Science (New York, N.Y.), 363(6430):eaav4236.; Cane, M. A. and Patton, R. J. (1984). A Numerical Model for Low-Frequency Equatorial Dynamics. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 14(12):1853–1863.; Cane, M. A. and Zebiak, S. E. (1985). A theory for El Niño and the Southern Oscillation. Science, 228(4703):1085–1087.; Cane, M. A., Zebiak, S. E., and Dolan, S. C. (1986). Experimental forecasts of El Niño. Nature, 321(6073):827–832.; Cao, J. and Wang, B. (2019). NUIST NESMv3 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Capotondi, A., Wittenberg, A. T., Newman, M., Di Lorenzo, E., Yu, J. Y., Braconnot, P., Cole, J., Dewitte, B., Giese, B., Guilyardi, E., Jin, F. F., Karnauskas, K., Kirtman, B., Lee, T., Schneider, N., Xue, Y., and Yeh, S. W. (2015). Understanding enso diversity. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96(6):921–938.; Cashin, P., Mohaddes, K., and Raissi, M. (2017). Fair weather or foul? The macroeconomic effects of El Niño. Journal of International Economics, 106.; Chai, Z. (2020). CAS CAS-ESM1.0 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Chang, P., Ji, L., Li, H., and Flügel, M. (1996). Chaotic dynamics versus stochastic pro- cesses in El Niño-Southern Oscillation in coupled ocean-atmosphere models. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 98(2-4):301–320.; Chang, P., Wang, B., Li, T., and Ji, L. (1994). Interactions between the seasonal cycle and the Southern Oscillation - Frequency entrainment and chaos in a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. Geophysical Research Letters, 21(25).; Changnon, S. A. (2000). El Niño 1997-1998: the climate event of the century. Oxford University Press.; Chekroun, M. D., Ghil, M., and Neelin, J. D. (2018). Pullback Attractor Crisis in a Delay Differential ENSO Model, pages 1–33. Springer International Publishing, Cham.; Chen, S., Wu, R., Chen, W., Yu, B., and Cao, X. (2016). Genesis of westerly wind bursts over the equatorial western Pacific during the onset of the strong 2015–2016 El Niño. Atmospheric Science Letters, 17(7):384–391.; Chiodi, A. M., Harrison, D. E., and Vecchi, G. A. (2014). Subseasonal atmospheric variability and El Niño waveguide warming: Observed effects of the Madden-Julian oscillation and westerly wind events. Journal of Climate, 27(10):3619–3642.; Chowdary, J. S., Gnanaseelan, C., Vaid, B. H., and Salvekar, P. S. (2006). Changing trends in the tropical Indian Ocean SST during La Niña years. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(18).; Clarke, A. J. (1991). On the reflection and transmission of low-frequency energy at the irregular western Pacific Ocean boundary. Journal of Geophysical Research, 96(S01):3289.; Clarke, A. J. (2008). An introduction to the dynamics of El Niño and the Southern Oscilla- tion. Elsevier.; Clarke, A. J. and Van Gorder, S. (2003). Improving El Niño prediction using a space- time integration of Indo-Pacific winds and equatorial Pacific upper ocean heat content. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(7).; Danabasoglu, G. (2019a). NCAR CESM2-FV2 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Danabasoglu, G. (2019b). NCAR CESM2 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Danabasoglu, G. (2019c). NCAR CESM2-WACCM-FV2 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Danabasoglu, G. (2019d). NCAR CESM2-WACCM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Danek, C., Shi, X., Stepanek, C., Yang, H., Barbi, D., Hegewald, J., and Lohmann, G. (2020). AWI AWI-ESM1.1LR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Ding, H., Keenlyside, N. S., and Latif, M. (2012). Impact of the Equatorial Atlantic on the El Niño Southern Oscillation. Climate Dynamics, 38(9-10):1965–1972.; Dix, M., Bi, D., Dobrohotoff, P., Fiedler, R., Harman, I., Law, R., Mackallah, C., Marsland, S., O’Farrell, S., Rashid, H., Srbinovsky, J., Sullivan, A., Trenham, C., Vohralik, P., Watterson, I., Williams, G., Woodhouse, M., Bodman, R., Dias, F. B., Domingues, C., Hannah, N., Heerdegen, A., Savita, A., Wales, S., Allen, C., Druken, K., Evans, B., Richards, C., Ridzwan, S. M., Roberts, D., Smillie, J., Snow, K., Ward, M., and Yang, R. (2019). CSIRO-ARCCSS ACCESS-CM2 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Dommenget, D., Semenov, V., and Latif, M. (2006). Impacts of the tropical Indian and Atlantic Oceans on ENSO. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(11).; Dong, L. and McPhaden, M. J. (2017). Why has the relationship between Indian and Pacific Ocean decadal variability changed in recent decades? Journal of Climate, 30(6):1971– 1983.; EC-Earth, E.-E. C. (2019a). EC-Earth-Consortium EC-Earth3 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; EC-Earth, E.-E. C. (2019b). EC-Earth-Consortium EC-Earth3-Veg model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; EC-Earth, E.-E. C. (2020a). EC-Earth-Consortium EC-Earth3-AerChem model output pre- pared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; EC-Earth, E.-E. C. (2020b). EC-Earth-Consortium EC-Earth3-Veg-LR model output pre- pared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; EC-Earth, E.-E. C. (2021). EC-Earth-Consortium EC-Earth-3-CC model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Eckert, C. and Latif, M. (1997). Predictability of a stochastically forced hybrid coupled model of El Niño. Journal of Climate, 10(7):1488–1504.; Eisenman, I., Yu, L., and Tziperman, E. (2005). Westerly wind bursts: ENSO’s tail rather than the dog? Journal of Climate, 18(24):5224–5238.; Eyring, V., Bony, S., Meehl, G. A., Senior, C. A., Stevens, B., Stouffer, R. J., and Taylor, K. E. (2016). Overview of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experimental design and organization. Geoscientific Model Development, 9(5):1937–1958.; Fasullo, J. T. (2020). Evaluating simulated climate patterns from the CMIP archives using satellite and reanalysis datasets using the Climate Model Assessment Tool (CMATv1). Geoscientific Model Development, 13(8):3627–3642.; Fasullo, J. T., Phillips, A. S., and Deser, C. (2020). Evaluation of Leading Modes of Climate Variability in the CMIP Archives. Journal of Climate, 33(13):5527–5545.; Fei-Fei Jin and Neelin, J. D. (1993). Modes of interannual tropical ocean-atmosphere inter- action - a unified view. Part III: analytical results in fully coupled cases. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 50(21):3523–3540.; Feng, M. and Meyers, G. (2003). Interannual variability in the tropical Indian Ocean: A two-year time-scale of Indian Ocean Dipole. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 50(12-13):2263–2284.; Feng, M., Meyers, G., and Wijffels, S. (2001). Interannual upper ocean variability in the tropical Indian Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 28(21):4151–4154.; Fischer, A. S., Terray, P., Guilyardi, E., Gualdi, S., and Delecluse, P. (2005). Two Indepen- dent Triggers for the Indian Ocean Dipole/Zonal Mode in a Coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 18(17):3428–3449.; Flato, G., Marotzke, J., Abiodun, B., Braconnot, P., Chou, S. C., Collins, W., Cox, P., Dri- ouech, F., Emori, S., Eyring, V., and Others (2013). Climate change 2013: the physical science basis. contribution of working group i to the fifth assessment report of the inter- governmental panel on climate change. Evaluation of Climate Models, eds TF Stocker, D. Qin, G.-K. Plattner, M. Tignor, SK Allen, J. Boschung, et al.(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).; Gadgil, S., Joseph, P. V., and Joshi, N. V. (1984). Ocean-atmosphere coupling over monsoon regions. Nature, 312(5990).; Garric, G., Parent, L., Greiner, E., Drévillon, M., Hamon, M., Lellouche, J.-M., Régnier, C., Desportes, C., Le Galloudec, O., Bricaud, C., Drillet, Y., Hernandez, F., Le Traon, P.-Y., Garric, G., Parent, L., Greiner, E., Drévillon, M., Hamon, M., Lellouche, J.-M., Régnier, C., Desportes, C., Le Galloudec, O., Bricaud, C., Drillet, Y., Hernandez, F., and Le Traon, P.-Y. (2017). Performance and quality assessment of the global ocean eddy-permitting physical reanalysis GLORYS2V4. Eguga, page 18776.; Gebbie, G., Eisenman, I., Wittenberg, A., and Tziperman, E. (2007). Modulation of westerly wind bursts by sea surface temperature: A semistochastic feedback for ENSO. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 64(9):3281–3295.; Godfrey, J. S. (1975). On Ocean Spindown I: A Linear Experiment. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 5(3):399–409.; Gualdi, S., Guilyardi, E., Navarra, A., Masina, S., and Delecluse, P. (2003). The interannual variability in the tropical Indian Ocean as simulated by a CGCM. Climate Dynamics, 20(6):567–582.; Guilyardi, E., Cai, W., Collins, M., Fedorov, A., Jin, F. F., Kumar, A., Sun, D. Z., and Wittenberg, A. (2012). New strategies for evaluating ENSO process es in climate models. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 93(2):235–238.; Guilyardi, E., Capotondi, A., Lengaigne, M., Thual, S., and Wittenberg, A. T. (2020). ENSO Modeling: History, Progress, and Challenges. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate, pages 199–226.; Guilyardi, E., Wittenberg, A., Balmaseda, M., Cai, W., Collins, M., McPhaden, M. J., Watanabe, M., and Yeh, S. W. (2016). Fourth clivar workshop on the evaluation of enso processes in climate models: Enso in a changing climate. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 97(5).; Guo, H., John, J. G., Blanton, C., McHugh, C., Nikonov, S., Radhakrishnan, A., Rand, K., Zadeh, N. T., Balaji, V., Durachta, J., Dupuis, C., Menzel, R., Robinson, T., Underwood, S., Vahlenkamp, H., Bushuk, M., Dunne, K. A., Dussin, R., Gauthier, P. P. G., Ginoux, P., Griffies, S. M., Hallberg, R., Harrison, M., Hurlin, W., Lin, P., Malyshev, S., Naik, V., Paulot, F., Paynter, D. J., Ploshay, J., Reichl, B. G., Schwarzkopf, D. M., Seman, C. J., Shao, A., Silvers, L., Wyman, B., Yan, X., Zeng, Y., Adcroft, A., Dunne, J. P., Held, I. M., Krasting, J. P., Horowitz, L. W., Milly, P. C. D., Shevliakova, E., Winton, M., Zhao, M., and Zhang, R. (2018). NOAA-GFDL GFDL-CM4 model output historical.; Ha, K. J., Chu, J. E., Lee, J. Y., and Yun, K. S. (2017). Interbasin coupling between the tropical Indian and Pacific Ocean on interannual timescale: observation and CMIP5 reproduction. Climate Dynamics, 48(1-2):459–475.; Ham, Y.-G., Choi, J.-Y., and Kug, J.-S. (2017). The weakening of the ENSO–Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) coupling strength in recent decades. Climate Dynamics, 49(1-2):249–261.; Ham, Y. G., Kug, J. S., and Park, J. Y. (2013). Two distinct roles of Atlantic SSTs in ENSO variability: North Tropical Atlantic SST and Atlantic Niño. Geophysical Research Letters.; Harrison, D. E. and Larkin, N. K. (1998). El Nino-Southern Oscillation sea surface temper- ature and wind anomalies, 1946-1993. Reviews of Geophysics, 36(3):353–399.; Harrison, D. E. and Schopf, P. S. (1984). Kelvin-wave-induced anomalous advection and the onset of surface warming in El Nino events. Monthly Weather Review, 112(5):923–933.; Harrison, D. E. and Vecchi, G. A. (1997). Westerly wind events in the tropical pacific, 1986-95. Journal of Climate, 10(12):3131–3156.; Hendon, H. H., Wheeler, M. C., and Zhang, C. (2007). Seasonal dependence of the MJO- ENSO relationship. Journal of Climate, 20(3):531–543.; Hendon, H. H., Zhang, C., and Glick, J. D. (1999). Interannual variation of the Madden- Julian oscillation during austral summer. Journal of Climate, 12(8 PART 2):2538–2550.; Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Biavati, G., Horányi, A., Muñoz Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Rozum, I., Schepers, D., Simmons, A., Soci, C., Dee, D., and Thépaut, J.-N. (2019). ERA5 monthly averaged data on single levels from 1979 to present. Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) Climate Data Store (CDS).; Hong, C. C., Li, T., LinHo, and Chen, Y. C. (2010). Asymmetry of the Indian Ocean basinwide SST anomalies: Roles of ENSO and IOD. Journal of Climate, 23(13).; Horii, T., Hase, H., Ueki, I., and Masumoto, Y. (2008). Oceanic precondition and evolution of the 2006 Indian Ocean dipole. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(3).; Hsiang, S. M., Meng, K. C., and Cane, M. A. (2011). Civil conflicts are associated with the global climate. Nature, 476(7361):438–441.; Huang, B., Thorne, P. W., Banzon, V. F., Boyer, T., Chepurin, G., Lawrimore, J. H., Menne, M. J., Smith, T. M., Vose, R. S., and Zhang, H. M. (2017). Extended reconstructed Sea surface temperature, Version 5 (ERSSTv5): Upgrades, validations, and intercomparisons. Journal of Climate, 30(20):8179–8205.; Huang, W. (2019). THU CIESM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Inness, P. M., Slingo, J. M., Guilyardi, E., and Cole, J. (2003). Simulation of the Madden- Julian oscillation in a coupled general circulation model. Part II: The role of the basic state. Journal of Climate, 16(3):365–382.; Izumo, T., Lengaigne, M., Vialard, J., Luo, J. J., Yamagata, T., and Madec, G. (2014). Influ- ence of Indian Ocean Dipole and Pacific recharge on following year’s El Niño: Interdecadal robustness. Climate Dynamics, 42(1-2):291–310.; Izumo, T., Masson, S., Vialard, J., de Boyer Montegut, C., Behera, S. K., Madec, G., Taka- hashi, K., and Yamagata, T. (2010a). Low and high frequency Madden-Julian oscillations in austral summer: Interannual variations. Climate Dynamics, 35(4):669–683.; Izumo, T., Vialard, J., Dayan, H., Lengaigne, M., and Suresh, I. (2016). A simple estimation of equatorial Pacific response from windstress to untangle Indian Ocean Dipole and Basin influences on El Niño. Climate Dynamics, 46(7-8):2247–2268.; Izumo, T., Vialard, J., Lengaigne, M., de Boyer Montegut, C., Behera, S. K., Luo, J.-J., Cravatte, S., Masson, S., and Yamagata, T. (2010b). Influence of the state of the Indian Ocean Dipole on the following year’s El Niño. Nature Geoscience, 3(3):168–172.; Jensen, M. H., Bak, P., and Bohr, T. (1984). Transition to chaos by interaction of resonances in dissipative systems. I. Circle maps. Physical Review A, 30(4):1960–1969.; Jia, F., Cai, W., Wu, L., Gan, B., Wang, G., Kucharski, F., Chang, P., and Keenlyside, N. (2019). Weakening Atlantic Niño–Pacific connection under greenhouse warming. Science Advances, 5(8).; Jiang, N., Neelin, J. D., and Ghil, M. (1995). Quasi-quadrennial and quasi-biennial variabil- ity in the equatorial Pacific. Climate Dynamics, 12(2):101–112.; Jin, F. F. (1997a). An equatorial ocean recharge paradigm for ENSO. Part I: Conceptual model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(7):811–829.; Jin, F. F. (1997b). An equatorial ocean recharge paradigm for ENSO. Part II: A stripped- down coupled model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(7):830–847.; Jin, F. F., Lin, L., Timmermann, A., and Zhao, J. (2007). Ensemble-mean dynamics of the ENSO recharge oscillator under state-dependent stochastic forcing. Geophysical Research Letters, 34(3).; Jin, F. F., Neelin, J. D., and Ghil, M. (1994). El Niño on the devil’s staircase: Annual subharmonic steps to chaos. Science, 264(5155):70–72.; Jin, F. F., Neelin, J. D., and Ghil, M. (1996). El Niño/Southern Oscillation and the annual cycle: Subharmonic frequency-locking and aperiodicity. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 98(2-4).; Jourdain, N. C., Lengaigne, M., Vialard, J., Izumo, T., and Gupta, A. S. (2016). Further insights on the influence of the Indian Ocean dipole on the following year’s ENSO from observations and CMIP5 models. Journal of Climate, 29(2).; Jungclaus, J., Bittner, M., Wieners, K.-H., Wachsmann, F., Schupfner, M., Legutke, S., Giorgetta, M., Reick, C., Gayler, V., Haak, H., de Vrese, P., Raddatz, T., Esch, M., Mauritsen, T., von Storch, J.-S., Behrens, J., Brovkin, V., Claussen, M., Crueger, T., Fast, I., Fiedler, S., Hagemann, S., Hohenegger, C., Jahns, T., Kloster, S., Kinne, S., Lasslop, G., Kornblueh, L., Marotzke, J., Matei, D., Meraner, K., Mikolajewicz, U., Modali, K., Müller, W., Nabel, J., Notz, D., Peters-von Gehlen, K., Pincus, R., Pohlmann, H., Pongratz, J., Rast, S., Schmidt, H., Schnur, R., Schulzweida, U., Six, K., Stevens, B., Voigt, A., and Roeckner, E. (2019). MPI-M MPI-ESM1.2-HR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Kajtar, J. B., Santoso, A., England, M. H., and Cai, W. (2015). Indo-pacific climate interac- tions in the absence of an Indonesian throughflow. Journal of Climate, 28(13):5017–5029.; Kalnay, E., Kanamitsu, M., Kistler, R., Collins, W., Deaven, D., Gandin, L., Iredell, M., Saha, S., White, G., Woollen, J., Zhu, Y., Chelliah, M., Ebisuzaki, W., Higgins, J., Janowiak, K., Ropelewski, C., Wang, J., Leetmaa, A., Reynolds, R., Jenne, R., and Joseph, D. (1996). 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 77(3):437–470.; Keane, A., Krauskopf, B., and Postlethwaite, C. (2016). Investigating irregular behavior in a model for the EI Niño Southern oscillation with positive and negative delayed feedback. SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems, 15(3):1656–1689.; Kessler, W. S. (2002). Is ENSO a cycle or a series of events? Geophysical Research Letters, 29(23).; Kessler, W. S. and Kleeman, R. (2000). Rectification of the Madden-Julian Oscillation into the ENSO cycle. Journal of Climate, 13(20):3560–3575.; Kessler, W. S., McPhaden, M. J., and Weickmann, K. M. (1995). Forcing of intraseasonal Kelvin waves in the equatorial Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research, 100(C6):10613.; Kirtman, B. P. and Schopf, P. S. (1998). Decadal variability in ENSO predictability and prediction. Journal of Climate, 11(11):2804–2822.; Kleeman, R. and Moore, A. M. (1997). A theory for the limitation of ENSO predictability due to stochastic atmospheric transients. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 54(6):753– 767.; Klein, S. A., Soden, B. J., and Lau, N. C. (1999). Remote sea surface temperature variations during ENSO: Evidence for a tropical atmospheric bridge. Journal of Climate, 12(4):917– 932.; Krasting, J. P., John, J. G., Blanton, C., McHugh, C., Nikonov, S., Radhakrishnan, A., Rand, K., Zadeh, N. T., Balaji, V., Durachta, J., Dupuis, C., Menzel, R., Robinson, T., Underwood, S., Vahlenkamp, H., Dunne, K. A., Gauthier, P. P. G., Ginoux, P., Griffies, S. M., Hallberg, R., Harrison, M., Hurlin, W., Malyshev, S., Naik, V., Paulot, F., Paynter, D. J., Ploshay, J., Reichl, B. G., Schwarzkopf, D. M., Seman, C. J., Silvers, L., Wyman, B., Zeng, Y., Adcroft, A., Dunne, J. P., Dussin, R., Guo, H., He, J., Held, I. M., Horowitz, L. W., Lin, P., Milly, P. C. D., Shevliakova, E., Stock, C., Winton, M., Wittenberg, A. T., Xie, Y., and Zhao, M. (2018). NOAA-GFDL GFDL-ESM4 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Krishnaswamy, J., Vaidyanathan, S., Rajagopalan, B., Bonell, M., Sankaran, M., Bhalla, R. S., and Badiger, S. (2015). Non-stationary and non-linear influence of ENSO and Indian Ocean Dipole on the variability of Indian monsoon rainfall and extreme rain events. Climate Dynamics, 45(1-2).; Kug, J. S. and Ham, Y. G. (2012). Indian ocean feedback to the ENSO transition in a multimodel ensemble. Journal of Climate, 25(20):6942–6957.; Kug, J. S. and Kang, I. S. (2006). Interactive feedback between ENSO and the Indian Ocean. Journal of Climate, 19(9):1784–1801.; Kug, J.-S., Kirtman, B. P., Kang, I.-S., Kug, J.-S., Kirtman, B. P., and Kang, I.-S. (2006a). Interactive Feedback between ENSO and the Indian Ocean in an Interactive Ensemble Coupled Model. Journal of Climate, 19(24):6371–6381.; Kug, J. S., Li, T., An, S. I., Kang, I. S., Luo, J. J., Masson, S., and Yamagata, T. (2006b). Role of the ENSO-Indian Ocean coupling on ENSO variability in a coupled GCM. Geo- physical Research Letters, 33(9).; Kug, J.-S., Vialard, J., Ham, Y.-G., Yu, J.-Y., and Lengaigne, M. (2020). ENSO Remote forcing: influence of climate variability outside the tropical Pacific. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate, pages 247–265.; Larkin, N. K. and Harrison, D. E. (2002). ENSO warm (El Niño) and cold (La Niña) event life cycles: Ocean surface anomaly patterns, their symmetries, asymmetries, and implications. Journal of Climate, 15(10):1118–1140.; Latif, M., Anderson, D., Barnett, T., Cane, M., Kleeman, R., Leetmaa, A., O’Brien, J., Rosati, A., and Schneider, E. (1998). A review of the predictability and prediction of ENSO. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 103(C7).; Latif, M., Barnett, T. P., Cane, M. A., Flügel, M., Graham, N. E., von Storch, H., Xu, J. S., and Zebiak, S. E. (1994). A review of ENSO prediction studies. Climate Dynamics, 9(4-5):167–179.; Latif, M., Barnett, T. P., Latif, M., and Barnett, T. P. (1995). Interactions of the Tropical Oceans. Journal of Climate, 8(4):952–964.; Lau, N. C. and Nath, M. J. (2000). Impact of ENSO on the variability of the Asian-Australian Monsoons as simulated in GCM experiments. Journal of Climate, 13(24):4287–4309.; Lau, N. C. and Nath, M. J. (2003). Atmosphere-ocean variations in the Indo-Pacific sector during ENSO episodes. Journal of Climate, 16(1):3–20.; Lee, J., Planton, Y. Y., Gleckler, P. J., Sperber, K. R., Guilyardi, E., Wittenberg, A. T., McPhaden, M. J., and Pallotta, G. (2021). Robust Evaluation of ENSO in Climate Models: How Many Ensemble Members Are Needed? Geophysical Research Letters, 48(20).; Lee, W.-L. and Liang, H.-C. (2020). AS-RCEC TaiESM1.0 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Lellouche, J.-M., Le Galloudec, O., Drévillon, M., Régnier, C., Greiner, E., Garric, G., Ferry, N., Desportes, C., Testut, C.-E., Bricaud, C., Bourdallé-Badie, R., Tranchant, B., Benkiran, M., Drillet, Y., Daudin, A., and De Nicola, C. (2013). Evaluation of global monitoring and forecasting systems at Mercator Océan. Ocean Science, 9(1):57–81.; Lengaigne, M., Boulanger, J.-P., Menkes, C., Masson, S., Madec, G., and Delecluse, P. (2002). Ocean response to the March 1997 Westerly Wind Event. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 107(C12):SRF 16–1–SRF 16–20.; Levine, A. F. Z. and McPhaden, M. J. (2016). How the July 2014 easterly wind burst gave the 2015–2016 El Niño a head start. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(12):6503–6510.; Li, T., Wang, B., Chang, C. P., and Zhang, Y. (2003). A theory for the Indian Ocean dipole-zonal mode. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 60(17).; Liang, Y. and Fedorov, A. V. (2021). Linking the Madden–Julian Oscillation, tropical cyclones and westerly wind bursts as part of El Niño development. Climate Dynamics, pages 1–22.; Liebmann, B. (1996). Description of a complete (interpolated) outgoing longwave radiation dataset. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 77:1275–1277.; Lorenz, S., Jungclaus, J., Schmidt, H., Haak, H., Reick, C., Schupfner, M., Wachsmann, F., Gayler, V., de Vrese, P., Raddatz, T., Mauritsen, T., von Storch, J.-S., Brovkin, V., Claussen, M., Crueger, T., Fiedler, S., Hagemann, S., Hohenegger, C., Jahns, T., Kinne, S., Kornblueh, L., Marotzke, J., Mikolajewicz, U., Modali, K., Müller, W., Nabel, J., Notz, D., Pincus, R., Pohlmann, H., Rast, S., Schnur, R., Schulzweida, U., Six, K., Stevens, B., Roeckner, E., Wieners, K.-H., Esch, M., Giorgetta, M., and Ilyina, T. (2021). MPI-M ICON-ESM-LR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Losada, T., Rodrı́guez-Fonseca, B., Polo, I., Janicot, S., Gervois, S., Chauvin, F., and Ruti, P. (2010). Tropical response to the Atlantic Equatorial mode: AGCM multimodel approach. Climate Dynamics, 35(1):45–52.; Lovato, T. and Peano, D. (2020). CMCC CMCC-CM2-SR5 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Lovato, T., Peano, D., and Butenschön, M. (2021). CMCC CMCC-ESM2 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Luo, J. J., Behera, S., Masumoto, Y., Sakuma, H., and Yamagata, T. (2008). Success- ful prediction of the consecutive IOD in 2006 and 2007. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(14):L14S02.; Luo, J. J., Zhang, R., Behera, S. K., Masumoto, Y., Jin, F. F., Lukas, R., and Yamagata, T. (2010). Interaction between El Niño and extreme Indian Ocean dipole. Journal of Climate, 23(3):726–742.; Madden, R. A. and Julian, P. R. (1971). Detection of a 40–50 Day Oscillation in the Zonal Wind in the Tropical Pacific. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 28(5).; Madden, R. A. and Julian, P. R. (1972). Description of Global-Scale Circulation Cells in the Tropics with a 40–50 Day Period. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 29(6).; Martı́n-Rey, M., Polo, I., Rodrı́guez-Fonseca, B., and Kucharski, F. (2012). Cambios en la Variabilidad Interanual del Pacı́fico Tropical Como Respuesta a un Forzamiento del Atlántico Ecuatorial. Scientia Marina, 76(SUPPL.1):105–116.; Martı́n-Rey, M., Rodrı́guez-Fonseca, B., Polo, I., and Kucharski, F. (2014). On the At- lantic–Pacific Niños connection: a multidecadal modulated mode. Climate Dynamics, 43(11):3163–3178.; McCreary, J. (1976). Eastern Tropical Ocean Response to Changing Wind Systems: with Application to El Niño. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 6(5):632–645.; McPhaden, M. J. (1992). The response of the western equatorial Pacific Ocean to westerly wind bursts during November 1989 to January 1990. Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(C9).; McPhaden, M. J. (1999). Genesis and evolution of the 1997-98 El Niño.; McPhaden, M. J. (2004). Evolution of the 2002/03 El Niño. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 85(5):677–695.; McPhaden, M. J., Freitag, H. P., Hayes, S. P., Taft, B. A., Chen, Z., and Wyrtki, K. (1988). The response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to a westerly wind burst in May 1986. Journal of Geophysical Research, 93(C9):10589.; McPhaden, M. J., Zebiak, S. E., and Glantz, M. H. (2006a). ENSO as an integrating concept in earth science.; McPhaden, M. J. and Zhang, X. (2009). Asymmetry in zonal phase propagation of ENSO sea surface temperature anomalies. Geophysical Research Letters, 36(13).; McPhaden, M. J., Zhang, X., Hendon, H. H., and Wheeler, M. C. (2006b). Large scale dy- namics and MJO forcing of ENSO variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(16):L16702.; Meinen, C. S. and McPhaden, M. J. (2000). Observations of warm water volume changes in the equatorial Pacific and their relationship to El Nino and La Nina. Journal of Climate, 13(20):3551–3559.; Menkes, C. E., Lengaigne, M., Vialard, J., Puy, M., Marchesiello, P., Cravatte, S., and Cambon, G. (2014). About the role of Westerly Wind Events in the possible development of an El Niño in 2014. Geophysical Research Letters, 41(18):6476–6483.; Merle, J. (1980). Variabilité thermique annuelle et interannuelle de l’océan Atlantique équatorial Est. L’hypothèse d’un ”El Niño” Atlantique. Oceanologica Acta, 3(2):209–220.; Meyers, G. (1996). Variation of Indonesian throughflow and the El Niño - Southern Oscilla- tion. Journal of Geophysical Research C: Oceans, 101(C5):12255–12263.; Moore, A. M. and Kleeman, R. (1999). Stochastic forcing of ENSO by the intraseasonal oscillation. Journal of Climate, 12(5 I):1199–1220.; Munnich, M., Cane, M. A., and Zebiak, S. E. (1991). A study of self-excited oscillations of the tropical ocean- atmosphere system. Part II: nonlinear cases. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 48(10):1238–1248.; Murtugudde, R. and Busalacchi, A. J. (1999). Interannual variability of the dynamics and thermodynamics of the tropical Indian Ocean. Journal of Climate, 12(8 PART 1):2300– 2326.; Murtugudde, R., McCreary, J. P., and Busalacchi, A. J. (2000). Oceanic processes associated with anomalous events in the Indian Ocean with relevance to 1997-1998.; N. H. Saji (2018). The Indian Ocean Dipole. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science, 1(March):1–35.; NASA/GISS, N. G. I. f. S. S. (2018). NASA-GISS GISS-E2.1G model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Neelin, J. D., Battisti, D. S., Hirst, A. C., Jin, F. F., Wakata, Y., Yamagata, T., and Zebiak, S. E. (1998). ENSO theory. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 103(C7):14261– 14290.; Neubauer, D., Ferrachat, S., Siegenthaler-Le Drian, C., Stoll, J., Folini, D. S., Tegen, I., Wieners, K.-H., Mauritsen, T., Stemmler, I., Barthel, S., Bey, I., Daskalakis, N., Heinold, B., Kokkola, H., Partridge, D., Rast, S., Schmidt, H., Schutgens, N., Stanelle, T., Stier, P., Watson-Parris, D., and Lohmann, U. (2019). HAMMOZ-Consortium MPI-ESM1.2-HAM model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Nidheesh, A. G., Lengaigne, M., Vialard, J., Izumo, T., Unnikrishnan, A. S., and Krishnan, R. (2019). Natural decadal sea-level variability in the Indian Ocean: lessons from CMIP models. Climate Dynamics, 53(9-10):5653–5673.; Ohba, M. and Ueda, H. (2005). Basin-wide Warming in the Equatorial Indian Ocean Asso- ciated with El Nino. Sola, 1:89–92.; Ohba, M. and Ueda, H. (2007). An impact of SST anomalies in the Indian Ocean in acceler- ation of the El Niño to La Niña transition. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 85(3):335–348.; Ohba, M. and Ueda, H. (2009). Role of nonlinear atmospheric response to SST on the asymmetric transition process of ENSO. Journal of Climate, 22(1):177–192.; Ohba, M. and Watanabe, M. (2012). Role of the Indo-Pacific interbasin coupling in predicting asymmetric ENSO transition and duration. Journal of Climate, 25(9):3321–3335.; Okumura, Y. M. and Deser, C. (2010). Asymmetry in the duration of El Niño and la Niña. Journal of Climate, 23(21):5826–5843.; Okumura, Y. M., Ohba, M., Deser, C., and Ueda, H. (2011). A proposed mechanism for the asymmetric duration of El Niño and La Niña. Journal of Climate, 24(15):3822–3829.; Park, S. and Shin, J. (2019). SNU SAM0-UNICON model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Parlitz, U. (2016). Estimating lyapunov exponents from time series. Chaos detection and predictability, pages 1–34.; Penland, C. and Sardeshmukh, P. D. (1995). The optimal growth of tropical sea surface temperature anomalies. Journal of Climate, 8(8):1999–2024.; Picaut, J., Loualalen, M., Menkes, C., Delcroix, T., and McPhaden, M. J. (1996). Mechanism of the zonal displacements of the Pacific warm pool: Implications for ENSO. Science, 274(5292):1486–1489.; Picaut, J., Masia, F., and Du Penhoat, Y. (1997). An advective-reflective conceptual model for the oscillatory nature of the ENSO. Science, 277(5326):663–666.; Planton, Y. Y., Guilyardi, E., Wittenberg, A. T., Lee, J., Gleckler, P. J., Bayr, T., McGre- gor, S., McPhaden, M. J., Power, S., Roehrig, R., Vialard, J., and Voldoire, A. (2021). Evaluating Climate Models with the CLIVAR 2020 ENSO Metrics Package. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 102(2):E193–E217.; Polo, I., Martin-Rey, M., Rodriguez-Fonseca, B., Kucharski, F., and Mechoso, C. R. (2015). Processes in the Pacific La Niña onset triggered by the Atlantic Niño. Climate Dynamics, 44(1-2):115–131.; Puy, M., Vialard, J., Lengaigne, M., and Guilyardi, E. (2016). Modulation of equatorial Pacific westerly/easterly wind events by the Madden–Julian oscillation and convectively- coupled Rossby waves. Climate Dynamics, 46(7-8):2155–2178.; Rao, S. A. and Behera, S. K. (2005). Subsurface influence on SST in the tropical Indian Ocean: Structure and interannual variability. Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, 39(1-2 SPEC. ISS.):103–135.; Rao, S. A., Behera, S. K., Masumoto, Y., and Yamagata, T. (2002). Interannual subsurface variability in the tropical Indian Ocean with a special emphasis on the Indian Ocean Dipole. Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 49(7-8):1549–1572.; Rao, S. A. and Yamagata, T. (2004). Abrupt termination of Indian Ocean dipole events in response to intraseasonal disturbances. Geophysical Research Letters, 31(19):L19306.; Rasmusson, E. M. and Carpenter, T. H. (1982). Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/ El Nino ( Pacific) . Monthly Weather Review, 110(5):354–384.; Reason, C., Allan, R., Lindesay, J., and Ansell, T. (2000). ENSO and climatic signals across the Indian Ocean Basin in the global context: part I, interannual composite patterns. International Journal of Climatology, 20(11):1285–1327.; Rodrı́guez-Fonseca, B., Polo, I., Garcı́a-Serrano, J., Losada, T., Mohino, E., Mechoso, C. R., and Kucharski, F. (2009). Are Atlantic Niños enhancing Pacific ENSO events in recent decades? Geophysical Research Letters, 36(20).; Rong, X. (2019). CAMS CAMS CSM1.0 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Rosenstein, M. T., Collins, J. J., and De Luca, C. J. (1993). A practical method for calculat- ing largest Lyapunov exponents from small data sets. Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena, 65(1-2).; Saji, N. H., Goswami, B. N., Vinayachandran, P. N., and Yamagata, T. (1999). A dipole mode in the tropical Indian ocean. Nature, 401(6751):360–363.; Saji, N. H., Jin, D., and Thilakan, V. (2018). A model for super El Niños. Nature Commu- nications, 9(1).; Saji, N. H. and Yamagata, T. (2003). Possible impacts of Indian Ocean Dipole mode events on global climate. Climate Research, 25(2):151–169.; Salby, M. L. and Hendon, H. H. (1994). Intraseasonal Behavior of Clouds, Temperature, and Motion in the Tropics. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 51(15):2207–2224.; Santoso, A., England, M. H., and Cai, W. (2012). Impact of indo-pacific feedback interactions on ENSO dynamics diagnosed using ensemble climate simulations. Journal of Climate, 25(21):7743–7763.; Scoccimarro, E., Bellucci, A., and Peano, D. (2020). CMCC CMCC-CM2-HR4 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Seiki, A., Nagura, M., Hasegawa, T., and Yoneyama, K. (2016). Seasonal onset of the Mad- den–Julian oscillation and its relation to the Southeastern Indian Ocean cooling. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 93A:139–156.; Seiki, A. and Takayabu, Y. N. (2007). Westerly wind burst and their relationship with intraseasonal variations and ENSO. Part I: Statistics. Monthly Weather Review, 135(10):3325–3345.; Semmler, T., Danilov, S., Rackow, T., Sidorenko, D., Barbi, D., Hegewald, J., Sein, D., Wang, Q., and Jung, T. (2018). AWI AWI-CM1.1MR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Shi, L., Alves, O., Hendon, H. H., Wang, G., and Anderson, D. (2009). The role of stochastic forcing in ensemble forecasts of the 1997/98 El Niño. Journal of Climate, 22(10).; Shinoda, T. and Hendon, H. H. (2001). Upper-ocean heat budget in response to the Madden- Julian oscillation in the Western Equatorial Pacific. Journal of Climate, 14(21):4147–4165.; Shinoda, T., Hendon, H. H., and Alexander, M. A. (2004). Surface and subsurface dipole variability in the Indian Ocean and its relation with ENSO. Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, 51(5):619–635.; Singh, P., Chowdary, J. S., and Gnanaseelan, C. (2013). Impact of prolonged La Niña events on the Indian Ocean with a special emphasis on southwest Tropical Indian Ocean SST. Global and Planetary Change, 100.; Song, Z., Qiao, F., Bao, Y., Shu, Q., Song, Y., and Yang, X. (2019). FIO-QLNM FIO- ESM2.0 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Stein, K., Schneider, N., Timmermann, A., and Jin, F. F. (2010). Seasonal synchronization of ENSO events in a linear stochastic model. Journal of Climate, 23(21).; Stein, K., Timmermann, A., and Schneider, N. (2011). Phase synchronization of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation with the annual cycle. Physical Review Letters, 107(12).; Stouffer, R. (2019). UA MCM-UA-1-0 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Stuecker, M. F., Timmermann, A., Jin, F. F., Chikamoto, Y., Zhang, W., Wittenberg, A. T., Widiasih, E., and Zhao, S. (2017). Revisiting ENSO/Indian Ocean Dipole phase relationships. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(5).; Suarez, M. J. and Schopf, P. S. (1988). A delayed action oscillator for ENSO. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 45(21):3283–3287.; Swart, N. C., Cole, J. N. S., Kharin, V. V., Lazare, M., Scinocca, J. F., Gillett, N. P., Anstey, J., Arora, V., Christian, J. R., Jiao, Y., Lee, W. G., Majaess, F., Saenko, O. A., Seiler, C., Seinen, C., Shao, A., Solheim, L., von Salzen, K., Yang, D., Winter, B., and Sigmond, M. (2019). CCCma CanESM5 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Tang, Y., Zhang, R. H., Liu, T., Duan, W., Yang, D., Zheng, F., Ren, H., Lian, T., Gao, C., Chen, D., and Mu, M. (2018). Progress in ENSO prediction and predictability study.; Tatebe, H. and Watanabe, M. (2018). MIROC MIROC6 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Taylor, K. E. (2001). Summarizing multiple aspects of model performance in a single dia- gram. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 106(D7):7183–7192.; Timmermann, A., An, S. I., Kug, J. S., Jin, F. F., Cai, W., Capotondi, A., Cobb, K., Lengaigne, M., McPhaden, M. J., Stuecker, M. F., Stein, K., Wittenberg, A. T., Yun, K. S., Bayr, T., Chen, H. C., Chikamoto, Y., Dewitte, B., Dommenget, D., Grothe, P., Guilyardi, E., Ham, Y. G., Hayashi, M., Ineson, S., Kang, D., Kim, S., Kim, W. M., Lee, J. Y., Li, T., Luo, J. J., McGregor, S., Planton, Y., Power, S., Rashid, H., Ren, H. L., Santoso, A., Takahashi, K., Todd, A., Wang, G., Wang, G., Xie, R., Yang, W. H., Yeh, S. W., Yoon, J., Zeller, E., and Zhang, X. (2018). El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity.; Tozuka, T., Luo, J. J., Masson, S., and Yamagata, T. (2007). Decadal modulations of the Indian Ocean dipole in the SINTEX-F1 coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 20(13):2881– 2894.; Trenberth, K. E., Branstator, G. W., Karoly, D., Kumar, A., Lau, N.-C., and Ropelewski, C. (1998). Progress during TOGA in understanding and modeling global teleconnections as- sociated with tropical sea surface temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 103(C7):14291–14324.; Tziperman, E., Cane, M. A., and Zebiak, S. E. (1995). Irregularity and locking to the seasonal cycle in an ENSO prediction model as explained by the quasi-periodicity route to chaos. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 52(3):293–306.; Tziperman, E., Stone, L., Cane, M. A., and Jarosh, H. (1994). El Niño chaos: Overlapping of resonances between the seasonal cycle and the pacific ocean-atmosphere oscillator. Science, 264(5155):72–74.; Ueda, H. and Matsumoto, J. (2000). A possible triggering process of east-west asymmetric anomalies over the Indian Ocean in relation to 1997/98 El Niño. Journal of the Meteoro- logical Society of Japan, 78(6):803–818.; Vecchi, G. A. and Harrison, D. E. (2000). Tropical Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies, El Nino, and equatorial westerly wind events. Journal of Climate, 13(11):1814–1830.; Vecchi, G. A. and Wittenberg, A. T. (2010). El Niño and our future climate: Where do we stand? Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 1(2):260–270.; Venzke, S., Latif, M., and Villwock, A. (2000). The coupled GCM ECHO-2. Part II: Indian Ocean response to ENSO. Journal of Climate, 13(8):1371–1383.; Waliser, D. E. and Graham, N. E. (1993). Convective cloud systems and warm-pool sea surface temperatures: coupled interactions and self-regulation. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98(D7).; Wang, B., Wu, R., and Fu, X. (2000). Pacific-East Asian teleconnection: How does ENSO affect East Asian climate? Journal of Climate, 13(9):1517–1536.; Wang, C. (2001). A Unified Oscillator Model for the El Nino-Southern oscillation. Journal of Climate, 14(1):98–115.; Wang, C. (2006). An overlooked feature of tropical climate: Inter-Pacific-Atlantic variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 33(12).; Wang, H., Kumar, A., Murtugudde, R., Narapusetty, B., and Seip, K. L. (2019). Covariations between the Indian Ocean dipole and ENSO: a modeling study. Climate Dynamics, 53(9- 10):5743–5761.; Wang, W., Chen, M., Kumar, A., and Xue, Y. (2011). How important is intraseasonal surface wind variability to real-time ENSO prediction? Geophysical Research Letters, 38(13).; Weare, B. C. and Nasstrom, J. S. (1982). Examples of extended empirical orthogonal function analyses. Monthly Weather Review, 110(6):481–485.; Weare, B. C., Navato, A. R., and Newell, R. E. (1976). Empirical Orthogonal Analysis of Pacific Sea Surface Temperatures. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 6(5):671–678.; Webster, P. (2020). Dynamics of The Tropical Atmosphere and Oceans. John Wiley & Sons.; Webster, P. J. (1995). The annual cycle and the predictability of the tropical coupled ocean- atmosphere system. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 56(1-2).; Webster, P. J. and Hoyos, C. D. (2010). Beyond the spring barrier? Nature Geoscience, 3(3):152–153.; Webster, P. J., Moore, A. M., Loschnigg, J. P., and Leben, R. R. (1999). Coupled ocean- atmosphere dynamics in the Indian Ocean during 1997-98. Nature, 401(6751):356–360.; Webster, P. J. and Yang, S. (1992). Monsoon and ENSO. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 118:877–926.; Weisberg, R. H. and Wang, C. (1997). A western Pacific oscillator paradigm for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. Geophysical Research Letters.; Wheeler, M. and Kiladis, G. N. (1999). Convectively Coupled Equatorial Waves: Analy- sis of Clouds and Temperature in the Wavenumber-Frequency Domain. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 56(3):374–399.; White, W. B. and Cayan, D. R. (2000). A global El Niño-Southern Oscillation wave in surface temperature and pressure and its interdecadal modulation from 1900 to 1997.; Wieners, C. E., de Ruijter, W. P. M., Ridderinkhof, W., von der Heydt, A. S., and Dijkstra, H. A. (2016). Coherent Tropical Indo-Pacific Interannual Climate Variability. Journal of Climate, 29(11):4269–4291.; Wieners, C. E., Dijkstra, H. A., and de Ruijter, W. P. (2017). The influence of atmospheric convection on the interaction between the Indian Ocean and ENSO. Journal of Climate, 30(24):10155–10178.; Wieners, K.-H., Giorgetta, M., Jungclaus, J., Reick, C., Esch, M., Bittner, M., Legutke, S., Schupfner, M., Wachsmann, F., Gayler, V., Haak, H., de Vrese, P., Raddatz, T., Mauritsen, T., von Storch, J.-S., Behrens, J., Brovkin, V., Claussen, M., Crueger, T., Fast, I., Fiedler, S., Hagemann, S., Hohenegger, C., Jahns, T., Kloster, S., Kinne, S., Lasslop, G., Kornblueh, L., Marotzke, J., Matei, D., Meraner, K., Mikolajewicz, U., Modali, K., Müller, W., Nabel, J., Notz, D., Peters-von Gehlen, K., Pincus, R., Pohlmann, H., Pongratz, J., Rast, S., Schmidt, H., Schnur, R., Schulzweida, U., Six, K., Stevens, B., Voigt, A., and Roeckner, E. (2019). MPI-M MPI-ESM1.2-LR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Wilson, E. A., Gordon, A. L., and Kim, D. (2013). Observations of the madden julian oscil- lation during Indian ocean dipole events. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 118(6):2588–2599.; Wu, R. and Kirtman, B. P. (2004). Understanding the impacts of the Indian ocean on ENSO variability in a coupled GCM. Journal of Climate, 17(20):4019–4031.; Wu, T., Chu, M., Dong, M., Fang, Y., Jie, W., Li, J., Li, W., Liu, Q., Shi, X., Xin, X., Yan, J., Zhang, F., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., and Zhang, Y. (2018). BCC BCC-CSM2MR model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Wyrtki, K. (1975). El Niño—The Dynamic Response of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean to Atmospheric Forcing. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 5(4):572–584.; Wyrtki, K. (1985). Water displacements in the Pacific and the genesis of El Nino cycles. Journal of Geophysical Research, 90(C4).; Xian, W. U., Okumura, Y. M., and Dinezio, P. N. (2019). What controls the duration of El Niño and La Niña events? Journal of Climate, 32(18):5941–5965.; Xie, S. P., Annamalai, H., Schott, F. A., and McCreary, J. P. (2002). Structure and mecha- nisms of South Indian Ocean climate variability. Journal of Climate, 15(8):864–878.; Xie, S. P., Hu, K., Hafner, J., Tokinaga, H., Du, Y., Huang, G., and Sampe, T. (2009). Indian Ocean capacitor effect on Indo-Western pacific climate during the summer following El Niño. Journal of Climate, 22(3):730–747.; Xie, S. P., Kosaka, Y., Du, Y., Hu, K., Chowdary, J. S., and Huang, G. (2016). Indo-western Pacific ocean capacitor and coherent climate anomalies in post-ENSO summer: A review. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 33(4):411–432.; Yamagata, T., Behera, S. K., Luo, J. J., Masson, S., Jury, M. R., and Rao, S. A. (2004). Cou- pled ocean-atmosphere variability in the tropical Indian ocean. In Geophysical Monograph Series, volume 147, pages 189–211. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.; Yamagata, T. and Masumoto, Y. (1990). A simple ocean-atmosphere coupled model for the origin of a warm El Nino Southern Oscillation event. The dynamics of the coupled atmosphere and ocean. Proc. Royal Society meeting, 1988, 329(1604):71–82.; Yasunari, T. (1985). Zonally Propagating Modes of the Global East-West Circulation Asso- ciated with the Southern Oscillation. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II, 63(6):1013–1029.; Yeh, S. W., Cai, W., Min, S. K., McPhaden, M. J., Dommenget, D., Dewitte, B., Collins, M., Ashok, K., An, S. I., Yim, B. Y., and Kug, J. S. (2018). ENSO Atmospheric Telecon- nections and Their Response to Greenhouse Gas Forcing. Reviews of Geophysics, 56(1).; Yu, J. Y. and Lau, K. M. (2005). Contrasting Indian Ocean SST variability with and without ENSO influence: A coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM study. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 90(3-4).; Yu, L. and Rienecker, M. M. (1999). Mechanisms for the Indian Ocean warming during the 1997-98 El Niño. Geophysical Research Letters, 26(6):735–738.; Yuan, D., Wang, J., Xu, T., Xu, P., Hui, Z., Zhao, X., Luan, Y., Zheng, W., and Yu, Y. (2011). Forcing of the Indian Ocean Dipole on the Interannual Variations of the Tropical Pacific Ocean: Roles of the Indonesian Throughflow. Journal of Climate, 24(14):3593– 3608.; Yuan, D., Zhou, H., and Zhao, X. (2013). Interannual climate variability over the tropical pacific ocean induced by the indian ocean dipole through the Indonesian Throughflow. Journal of Climate, 26(9):2845–2861.; Yuan, Y., Chan, C. L., Zhou, W., and Li, C. (2008a). Decadal and interannual variability of the Indian Ocean Dipole. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 25(5):856–866.; Yuan, Y., Hui, Y., and Chong-Yin, L. (2014). Possible influences of the tropical indian ocean dipole on the eastward propagation of mjo. Journal of Tropical Meteorology, 20(2):173– 180.; Yuan, Y., Zhou, W., Yang, H., and Li, C. (2008b). Warming in the northwestern Indian Ocean associated with the El Niño event. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 25(2).; Yukimoto, S., Koshiro, T., Kawai, H., Oshima, N., Yoshida, K., Urakawa, S., Tsujino, H., Deushi, M., Tanaka, T., Hosaka, M., Yoshimura, H., Shindo, E., Mizuta, R., Ishii, M., Obata, A., and Adachi, Y. (2019). MRI MRI-ESM2.0 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Zang, X., Fu, L. L., and Wunsch, C. (2002). Observed reflectivity of the western boundary of the equatorial Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 107(10).; Zavala-Garay, J., Zhang, C., Moore, A. M., and Kleeman, R. (2005). The linear response of ENSO to the Madden-Julian Oscillation. Journal of Climate, 18(13):2441–2459.; Zebiak, S. E. (1985). Tropical Atmosphere - Ocean Interaction and the El Nino/southern Oscillation Phenomenon. PhD thesis, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOL- OGY.; Zebiak, S. E. (1989). On the 30–60 Day Oscillation and the Prediction of El Niño. Journal of Climate, 2(11):1381–1387.; Zebiak, S. E. (1993). Air-sea interaction in the equatorial Atlantic region. Journal of Climate, 6(8):1567–1586.; Zebiak, S. E. and Cane, M. A. (1987). A Model El Niño–Southern Oscillation. Monthly Weather Review, 115(10):2262–2278.; Zhang, C., Dong, M., Gualdi, S., Hendon, H. H., Maloney, E. D., Marshall, A., Sperber, K. R., and Wang, W. (2006). Simulations of the Madden-Julian oscillation in four pairs of coupled and uncoupled global models. Climate Dynamics, 27(6):573–592.; Zhang, C. and Gottschalck, J. (2002). SST anomalies of ENSO and the Madden-Julian oscillation in the equatorial Pacific. Journal of Climate, 15(17):2429–2445.; Zhang, J., Wu, T., Shi, X., Zhang, F., Li, J., Chu, M., Liu, Q., Yan, J., Ma, Q., and Wei, M. (2018). BCC BCC-ESM1 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Jin, F. F., Stuecker, M. F., and Turner, A. G. (2015). Impact of different El Niño types on the El Niño/IOD relationship. Geophysical Research Letters, 42(20):8570–8576.; Zhao, Y. and Nigam, S. (2015). The Indian ocean dipole: A monopole in SST. Journal of Climate, 28(1):3–19.; Ziehn, T., Chamberlain, M., Lenton, A., Law, R., Bodman, R., Dix, M., Wang, Y., Dobro- hotoff, P., Srbinovsky, J., Stevens, L., Vohralik, P., Mackallah, C., Sullivan, A., O’Farrell, S., and Druken, K. (2019). CSIRO ACCESS-ESM1.5 model output prepared for CMIP6 CMIP historical.; Zuo, H., Balmaseda, M. A., Tietsche, S., Mogensen, K., and Mayer, M. (2019). The ECMWF operational ensemble reanalysis-analysis system for ocean and sea ice: A description of the system and assessment. Ocean Science, 15(3):779–808.; https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/82703; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de Colombia; https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/

الاتاحة: https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/82703
https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/