المؤلفون: 陳佑鎧, Chen, Yu-Kai

المساهمون: 俞振華, Yu, Eric Chen-hua

مصطلحات موضوعية: 賓夕法尼亞州, 選舉權, 公民權, 歷史制度論, 黑人, Pennsylvania, Voting Rights, Civil Rights, Historical Institutionalism, Black

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Relation: 參考資料\n專書：\nAdams, Sean Patric. 2004. Old Dominion, Industial Commonwealth: coal, politcs, and economy in antebellum. Baltimore, MA: The Hohns Hopkins University Press.\nArthur, W. Brian. 1994. Increasing Returns and Path Dependence in the Economy. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.\nBeard, Charles A. 1913. An economic interpretation of the Constitution of the United States. New York, NY: The Macmillan company.\nBeard, Charles A. 1946 The Republic: Conversations on Fundamentals. New York, NY: The Viking Press.\nBeard, Charles A, and Mary R. Beard.1954. The Rise of American Civilization. New York, NY: The Macmillan company.\nBeers, Paul B. 1980. Pennsylvania Politics Today and Yesterday. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press.\nColeman, Arica L. 2013. That The Blood Stay Pure: Afican Americans, Native Americans, and the predicament of race and identity in Virginia. Bloominton, IN: Indiana University Press.\nDu Bois, W. E. B. 1996. The Philadelphia Negro a social study. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.\nDu Bois, W. E. B. 2007. Black reconstruction in America: an essay toward a history of the part which Black folk played in the attempt to reconstruct democracy in America, 1860-1880. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.\nDudden, Faye E. 2011. Fighting chance: the struggle over woman suffrage and Blcak suffrage in Reconstruction America. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.\nFoner, Eric. 1970. Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.\nInbody, Donald S. 2016. The soldier vote : war, politics, and the ballot in America. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan US.\nKlein, Philps S. and Ari Hoogenboom. 1980. A history of Pennsylvania. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press.\nOlson, Mancur. 1965. The logic of collective action : public goods and the theory of groups. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.\nSellers, Charles.1991. The Market Revolution: Jacksonian America, 1815-1846. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.\nSteinmo, Sven, Kathleen Thelen, and Frank Longstreth. 1992. Structuring Politics: Historical Institutionalism in Comparative Analysis. New York, NY: Cambrige University Press.\nTruman, David B. 1971. The governmental process; political interests and public opinion. New York, NY: Knopf.\nTurner, Edward Raymond. 1911. The Negro in Pennsylvania, slavery--servitude--freedom, 1639-1861. Washington, DC: The American historical association.\n\n\n學位論文：\nDavidow, Julie. 2017. "Citizens In The Making": Black Philadelphians, The Republican Party And Urban Reform, 1885-1913. Ph. D. diss. University of Pennsylvania.\nEvans, Eldon Cobb. 1917. A History of the Australian Ballot System in the United States. Ph. D. diss. The University of Chicago.\n\n期刊與專書論文：\nAnderson, Judith. 1936. “ANNA DICKINSON, ANTISLAVERY RADICAL.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 3(3): 147-163.\nBacon, Margaret Hope. 2006. “Quakers and Colonization.” Quaker History 95(1): 26-43.\nBeaney, William M. 1968. “The Warren Court and the Political Process.” Michigan Law Review 67(2): 343-352.\nBenson, Jocelyn F. 2008. “The Language Assistance Provisions of Voting Rights Act and the 2006 Reauthorization.” In America votes! : a guide to modern election law and voting rights, ed. Benjamin E. Griffith. Chicago, IL: American Bar Association.\nBernstein, Barton J. 1962. “Case Law in Plessy V. Ferguson.” The Journal of Negro History 47(3): 192-198.\nBiddle, Daniel R., and Murray Dubin. 2013. “"God Is Settleing the Account": African American Reaction to Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 137(1): 57–78.\nBinney, Charles C. 1892. “The Merits and Defects of the Pennsylvania Ballot Law of 1891.” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 2: 19-39.\nBishop, David W. 1977. “Plessy V. Ferguson: A Reinterpretation.” The Journal of Negro History 62(2): 125-133.\nBrown, Ira V. 1961. “PENNSYLVANIA AND THE RIGHTS OF THE NEGRO, 1865-1887.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 28(1): 45-57.\nBuckmaster, Henrietta. 1938. “The Underground Railroad.” The North American Review 246(1): 142-149.\nCapoccia, Giovanni, and R. Daniel Kelemen. 2007. “The Study of Critical Junctures: Theory, Narrative, and Counterfactuals in Historical Institutionalism.” World Politics 59(3): 341-369.\nCale, Edgar B. 1937. “EDITORIAL SENTIMENT IN PENNSYLVANIA IN THE CAMPAIGN OF 1860.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 4(4): 219-234\nCanton, David. 2008. “A DRESS REHEARSAL FOR THE MODERN CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT: RAYMOND PACE ALEXANDER AND THE BERWYN, PENNSYLVANIA, SCHOOL DESEGREGATION CASE, 1932-1935.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 75(2): 260-284.\nCarter, Robert L. 1968. “The Warren Court and Desegregation.” Michigan Law Review 67(2): 237-248.\nDavis, Hugh. 1997. “Northern Colonizationists and Free Blacks, 1823-1837: A Case Study of Leonard Bacon.” Journal of the Early Republic 17(4): 651-675.\nDuke University School of Law. 1965. “The Voting Rights Act of 1965.” Duke Law Journal 1966(2): 463-483.\nDun, James Alexander. 2011. “Philadelphia not Philanthropolis: The Limits of Pennsylvanian Antislavery in the Era of the Haitian Revolution.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 135(1): 73-102.\nFoner, Eric. 2013. “The Contested History of American Freedom.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 137(1): 13-31.\nGara, Larry. 1961. “WILLIAM STILL AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 28(1): 33-44.\nGara, Larry. 1962. “FRIENDS AND THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.” Quaker History 51(1): 3-19.\nGonzalez, Aston. 2014. “The Art of Racial Politics: The Work of Robert Douglass Jr., 1833–46.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 138(1), 5–37.\nHall, Peter A., and Rosemary C. R. Taylor. 1996. “Political Science and the Three New Institutionalisms.” Political Studies 44(5): 936-957.\nHewitt, Warren F. 1935. “THE KNOW NOTHING PARTY IN PENNSYLVANIA.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 2(2): 69-85.\nHutcheson, Austin E. 1936. “ PHILADELPHIA AND THE PANIC OF 1857.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 3(3): 182-194.\nKeller, Richard C. 1962. “PENNSYLVANIA`S LITTLE NEW DEAL.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 29(4): 391-406.\nKharem, Haroon. 2006. “THE AMERICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY.” Counterpoints 208: 75-101.\nKlein, Pillip S. 1936. “EARLY LANCASTER COUNTY POLITICS. ” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 3(2): 98-114.\nKutler, Stanley I. 1963. “PENNSYLVANIA COURTS, THE ABOLITION ACT, AND NEGRO RIGHTS. ” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies, 30(1): 14-27.\nLandis, Michael Tood. 2016. “Old Buck`s Lieutenant: Glancy Jones, James Buchanan, and the Antebellum Northern Democracy.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 140(2): 183-210.\nLevi, Margaret. 1997. “A Model, a Method, and a Map: Rational Choice in Comparative and Historical Analysis.” In Comparative Politics: Rationality, Culture and Structure, eds. Mark Irving Lichbach, and Alan S. Zuckerman. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.\nMaidment, Richard A. 1973. “Plessy v. Ferguson Re-Examined.” Journal of American Studies 7(2): 125-132.\nMcCoy, Michael B. 2012. “Forgetting Freedom: White Anxiety, Black Presence, and Gradual Abolition in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, 1780–1838.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 136(2): 141-170.\nMyrsiades, Linda. 2014. “Legal Practice and Pragmatics in the Law: The 1821 Trials of John Reed, "Fugitive Slave."” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 138(3): 305-338.\nNewman, Richard. 2000. “Not the Only Story in "Amistad": The Fictional Joadson and the Real James Forten.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 67(2): 218-239.\nNewman, Richard. 2013. “The Age of Emancipating Proclamations: Early Civil War Abolitionism and Its Discontents.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 137(1): 33-55.\nNye, Russel B. 1957. “FREEDOM ROAD: NAT TURNER.” The Centennial Review of Arts & Science 1(3): 242–263.\nOkur, Nilgun Anadolu. 1995. “Underground Railroad in Philadelphia, 1830-1860.” Journal of Black Studies 25(5): 537-557.\nOsborne, Christopher M. 2005. “INVISIBLE HANDS: SLAVES, BOUND LABORERS, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA, 1780–1820.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 72(1): 77-99.\nPennsylvania State Data Center. 2021. “State and County Estimates.” Pennsylvania State Data Center. https://pasdc.hbg.psu.edu/Data/PaSDC-Dashboards/State-and-County-Population-Estimates (accessed December 14, 2022)\nPierson, Paul. 2000. “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence, and the Study of Politics.” The American Political Science Review 94(2): 251-267.\nPrice, Edward. 1976. “The Black Voting Rights Issue in Pennsylvania, 1780-1900.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 100(3): 356-373.\nRobinson, Marcia C. 2016. “The Tragedy of Edward "Ned" Davis: Entrepreneurial Fraud in Maryland in the Wake of the 1850 Fugitive Slave Law.” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 140(2): 167-182.\nSchnell, George A. 1973. “THE CHANGING DISTRIBUTION OF PENNSYLVANIA`S BLACK POPULATION 1960 TO 1970. ” Proceedings of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science 47: 35-38.\nSelsam, J. Paul. 1934. “THE POLITICAL REVOLUTION IN PENNSYLVANIA IN 1776.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 1(3): 147-157.\nSherwood, Henry Noble. 1917. “The Formation of the American Colonization Society. ” The Journal of Negro History, 2(3), 209-228.\nShirk, Willis L. 1993. “Testing the Limits of Tolerance: Blacks and the Social Order in Columbia, Pennsylvania, 1800-1851.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 60(1): 35-50.\nSiebert, Wilbur H. 1896. “Light on the Underground Railroad. ” The American Historical Review 1(3): 455-463.\nSmith, Eric Ledell. 1996. “"Asking for Justice and Fair Play": African American State Legislators and Civil Rights in Early Twentieth-Century Pennsylvania. ” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 63(2): 169-203.\nSowle, Patrick. 1968. “The Abolition of Slavery. ” The Georgia Historical Quarterly 52(3): 237–255.\nStern, Mark. 1989. “Presidential Strategies and Civil Rights: Eisenhower, the Early Years, 1952-54.” Presidential Studies Quarterly 19(4): 769–795.\nStevens, S. K. 1937. “THE ELECTION OF 1896 IN PENNSYLVANIA.” Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 4(2): 65-87.\nThernstrom, Abigail. 2008. “ Section 5 and the Voting Rights Act Reauthorization and Amendments Act of 2006.” In America votes! : a guide to modern election law and voting rights, ed. Benjamin E. Griffith. Chicago, IL: American Bar Association.\nTurner, Edward Raymond. 1912a. “The Abolition of Slavery in Pennsylvania. ” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 36(2): 129-142.\nTurner, Edward Raymond. 1912b. “The Underground Railroad in Pennsylvania. ” The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography 36(3): 309-318.\nWeaver, Valeria W. 1969. “The Failure of Civil Rights 1875-1883 and its Repercussions.” The Journal of Negro History, 54(4): 368-382.\nWood, Nicholas. 2011. “"A Sacrifice on the Altar of Slavery": Doughface Politics and Black Disenfranchisement in Pennsylvania, 1837—1838. ” Journal of the Early Republic 31(1): 75-106.; G0107252011; https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw//handle/140.119/146646; https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/bitstream/140.119/146646/1/201101.pdf

الاتاحة: https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw//handle/140.119/146646
https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/bitstream/140.119/146646/1/201101.pdf

المؤلفون: 沈艺峰

المصدر: http://epub.cnki.net/grid2008/brief/detailj.aspx?filename=ZJJW200003003&dbname=CJFQ2000.

مصطلحات موضوعية: 反收购, 特拉华州, 公司控制权市场, 宾夕法尼亚州, 立法, 管理者, 企业收购, 市场理论, 主流理论, 代理投票权竞争

Relation: 中国经济问题, 2000, (03): 20-35; http://dspace.xmu.edu.cn/handle/2288/15288

الاتاحة: http://dspace.xmu.edu.cn/handle/2288/15288

المؤلفون: 王瑄, Wang, Hsuan

المساهمون: 林勳發

مصطلحات موضوعية: 醫療糾紛, 風險管理, 賓夕法尼亞州, 強制醫療責任保險, 醫療基金

Time: 96

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Relation: 中文文獻; 書籍; 1. 「醫師法解釋彙編」，衛生署印。; 2. 「醫療爭議參考手冊」，財團法人台灣醫療改革基金會編印，2006年。; 3. Atul Gawande著，廖月娟譯，「一位外科醫師的修煉」，天下文化出版，2003年。; 4. Emmett J. Vaughan著、陳尚婷譯，「風險管理」，台灣西書出版社，1997年。; 5. George J. Stigler著、吳惠林、鍾琴、黃美齡譯，「人民與國家 --- 管制經濟學論文集」，遠流出版，1991年。; 6. Richard A. Epstein著、簡資修譯，「自由社會之原則」，商周出版，2003年。; 7. 人身保險業務員資格測驗統一教材，中華民國人壽保險商業同業公會編印，2006年。; 8. 王澤鑑，「民法實例研究叢書(一)」，1982年。; 9. 王澤鑑，「法律思維與民法實例」，三民書局，2003年。; 11. 吳正吉，醫療與法律，古仁新醫股份有限公司，1994年。; 12. 宋明哲，現代風險管理，五南圖書出版公司，五版，2006年。; 13. 李聖隆著，醫護法規概論，華杏出版股份有限公司，1992年。; 14. 林勳發，論醫療行為之民事責任，「保險法論著譯作選集」，1991年。; 15. 邱聰智，醫療過失與侵權行為，「民法債編論文選輯」。; 16. 孫森焱，「民法債編總論(下)」，三民書局，2006年。; 17. 陳榮基，台灣醫療糾紛的現狀與處理(上下冊)，健康世界出版，1993年。; 18. 曾育裕著，醫護法規，四版，五南圖書出版股份有限公司，2007年。; 19. 曾淑瑜，「醫療過失與因果關係(下)」，翰蘆圖書出版有限公司，1998年。; 20. 黃丁全，「醫事法」，元照出版公司，2000年。; 21. 黃茂榮，醫療損害之危險責任，債法總編(第二冊)，植根法學叢書，2002年。; 22. 馮震宇、姜志俊、謝穎青、姜炳俊著，「消費者保護法解讀」，月旦出版社股份有限公司，三版，1995年。; 23. 楊誠對，「意外保險—理論與實務」，著者發行，1997年。; 24. 劉宗榮，「保險法」，三民書局，初版，1995年。; 25. 鄭玉波，「民法債篇各論(下)」，第6版，1981年。; 26. 鄧家駒，「風險管理」，三版，華泰文化事業公司，2002年。; 27. 盧瑞芬、謝啟瑞，醫療經濟學，學富文化事業有限公司，2001年。; 期刊; 1. 「我國醫療事故損害賠償問題的現況與展望」研討會(一)，侯英泠發言內容，台灣本土法學雜誌，第39期，2002年10月。; 2. 「我國醫療事故損害賠償問題的現況與展望」研討會(一)，楊秀儀發言，台灣本土法學雜誌，第39期，2002年10月。; 3. 石崇良，醫療錯誤之流行病學，臺灣醫學，第8卷第4期，2004年7月。; 4. 李聖隆，醫療衛生事務與消費者保護法的關係，律師通訊，第175期。; 5. 邱聰智，醫療過失與侵權行為，法律評論，第42卷第3期，1976年。; 6. 侯英泠，我國醫療事故損害賠償問題的現況與展望，台灣本土法學雜誌，第39期，2002年10月。; 7. 張曉卉，醫療糾紛碰到了怎麼辦？，康健雜誌，第110期，2008年1月1日。; 8. 莊逸洲、黃崇哲，醫療機構人力資源管理，華杏，2001年，; 9. 陳自強，民法侵權行為法體系之再構成（下），台灣本土法學雜誌，第17期，2000年12月。; 11. 陳忠五，醫療糾紛的現象與問題，台灣本土法學雜誌，第55期，2004年2月。; 12. 陳琬渝，論建立符合強制醫療責任保險制度之醫療鑑定及舉證責任制度，萬國法律，第162期，2008年12月。; 13. 陳榮基、謝啟瑞合著，醫療糾紛對醫療成本的影響—台灣西醫師的研究，行政院衛生署委託研究報告，1992年。; 14. 陳聰富，醫療法：第五講 --- 醫療侵權之歸責原則（下），月旦法學教室，第76期，2009年2月。; 15. 游宗憲，醫療糾紛病人自力救濟之個案分析，台灣醫學，第12卷第3期，2008年5月。; 16. 黃立，消保法第七條與民法第一九一條之三對醫療行為適用之研析，政大法學評論，第75期，2003年9月。; 17. 黃立，消費者保護法對醫療行為的適用，律師雜誌，第217期，1998年10月，陳忠五，醫療行為與消費者保護法服務責任之適用領域—台灣台北地方法院八十五年度訴字第五一二五號與台灣高等法院八十七年度上字第一五一號判決(馬偕醫院肩難產案件)評釋，台灣本土法學，第7期，2002年2月。; 18. 楊秀儀，醫療糾紛與醫療無過失制度—美國經驗四十年來之探討，政大法學評論，第68期，2001年。; 19. 楊秀儀著，論醫療糾紛之定義、成因及歸責原則，台灣本土法學雜誌，第39期，2002年10月。; 20. 盧映潔、葛建成、高忠漢，論醫療行為之常規診療義務，國立台灣大學法學論叢，2006年7月。; 21. 謝啟瑞著，台灣醫療責任、糾紛與訴訟—理論與實證的回顧，經濟論文叢刊，第19卷第1期，1991年。; 22. 謝啟瑞著，醫療糾紛風險與防禦性醫療行為，人文及社會叢刊，第6卷第2期，1994年。; 23. 顏兆熊、尹長生、陳福民合著，由婦產科醫師觀點看醫療糾紛，台灣醫界，第42卷第1期，1993年。; 24. 譚醒朝，公立醫院醫療糾紛賠償制度之探討，醫院，第29期，1996年。; 論文; 1. 王正治著，風險趨避程度對醫師業務責任險需求影響之研究，朝陽科技大學保險金融管理系碩士論文，2004年6月。; 2. 王惟琪，醫師專業賠償責任保險—兼論採行日本醫師會醫師賠償責任保險之可行性，台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文，2007年。; 3. 古秋菊，實證醫學對醫療過失訴訟的影響—從民事舉證法則的衡平切入探討，東吳大學法律系碩士論文，2006年。; 4. 朱曉娟，醫療事故之醫師責任風險分化機制之研究，東吳大學法律學系法律專業碩士班碩士論文，2007年6月。; 5. 吳俊達，醫療訴訟之舉證責任，政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，2007年。; 6. 吳建樑，醫師與病患『醫療關係』之法律分析，東吳大學法律研究所碩士論文，1994年。; 7. 林萍章，論醫療過失與刑事裁判，東吳大學法律學系碩士在職專班法律專業組碩士論文，2005年9月。; 8. 邱琪雯，醫師告知義務法律責任之再研究—以是否負刑事責任為中心，中原大學財經法律研究所碩士論文，2006年1月。; 9. 侯宜伶，台灣醫學中心及醫院醫療糾紛風險管理之實證研究，長庚大學管理學研究所碩士論文，2000年6月。; 11. 陳文袖，論強制醫師專業責任保險—以醫療事故受害人之損害填補為中心，東吳大學法律學系法律專業碩士班碩士論文，2005年7月。; 12. 陳自治，專屬保險機制運用在醫師責任險上相關問題之探討，成功大學法律研究所碩士論文，2007年7月。; 13. 陳怡安，全民健康保險法規範下的醫療關係，東吳大學法律研究所碩士論文，1998年。; 14. 陳欣瑋，醫療傷害補償機制之探討：從強制醫療責任保險談起，長庚大學醫務管理研究所碩士論文，2005年6月。; 15. 陳碧玉，醫療事故之民事損害賠償責任，國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，1976年。; 16. 陳麗芬，醫療行為之法律責任與保險之研究，政治大學風險管理與保險研究所碩士論文，1989年6月。; 17. 游宗憲，台灣醫療糾紛中病患採用自力救濟行為探討，長庚醫務管理研究所碩士論文，2003年。; 18. 黃天昭著，醫療糾紛之民事歸責原則，東吳大學法律研究所碩士論文，1995年6月。; 19. 楊慧鈴，「醫師說明義務之研究」，國立政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，1990年6月。; 20. 管靜怡，醫療之民事責任與風險分擔，台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文，1998年。劉玉中，證據保全之功能及定位之探討，中興大學法律研究所碩士論文，1998年。; 21. 蔡佩玲，醫療糾紛中民事責任之認定─論「醫療水準」與「醫療常規」，政治大學法律研究所碩士論文，2007年6月; 22. 魏宣儀著，從海峽兩岸醫療糾紛處理論醫療事故無過失補償制度之可行性，中國文化大學法律學研究所碩士論文，2005年6月。; 23. 嚴秋滿，相互保險公司與保險合作社之比較，逢甲大學保險學研究所碩士論文，1990年。; 研究計畫; 1. 詹森林、林志六，醫療判決之現況研究，行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告，1999年。; 2. 連吉時，醫療事故補償獲救濟制度之相關研究，行政院衛生署95年度科技研究計畫，2006年。; 3. 楊秀儀、盧瑞芬，台灣地區醫療傷害責任保險之實證研究，國科會補助專題研究計畫成果發表，2000年。; 4. 廖熏香、李素華、李拯怡、陳佳秀、林靖茨，95年度病人安全通報系統規劃與推廣計畫研究報告，行政院衛生署95年度委託研究計畫。; 報紙; 1. 施靜茹，醫醫相害？除罪化爭議又起，聯合報，2008年1月20日。; 2. 黃天如，糾紛不斷 醫生冤還是病患冤，中國時報，2008年1月20日。; 3. 林秀美，救人反被告—醫師：犯罪率最高行業，聯合晚報，2008年6月30日。; 4. 陳嘉文泰，醫師責任險 分攤賠償風險，經濟日報，2007年12月20日。; 5. 高麗玲，藥害最高可獲兩百萬救濟，自立早報，1998年10月14。; 6. 李伯璋，優質的醫療 勝於事後賠償，中國時報，2008年3月8日。; 7. 林萍章，醫療糾紛 民事代刑事，聯合報，2008年1月22日。; 網路資料; 1. 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Pennsylvania Medical Society, http://www.pamedsoc.org/Template.cfm?Section=Home&template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=7399; 18. Press releases of Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Insurance Department, July 20, 2007, available at http://www.ins.state.pa.us/ins/cwp/view.asp?Q=548411&A=11; 19. Randall R. Bovbjerg & Anna Bartow, Understanding Pennsylvania's Medical Malpractice Crisis, The Project on Medical Liability in Pennsylvania, (2003) at http://www.iii.org/members/full_text_reports/medical_malpractice/pew_medical_malpractice_0603.pdf; 20. Strategic Plan, Patient Safety Authority, at http://patientsafetyauthority.org/PatientSafetyAuthority/Pages/StrategicPlan.aspx; 21. U.S. Department of justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, Medical Malpractice Trials and Verdicts in Large Counties, 2001, NCJ 203098 (Apr. 2004).; 22. U.S. Gen. Accounting Office (GAO), Pub. No. GAO-03-702, Medical Malpractice Insurance: Multiple Factors Have Contribute to Increased Premium Rates (June 2003), available at http://www.gao.gov; G0095358014; http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw//handle/140.119/36971

الاتاحة: http://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw//handle/140.119/36971

المؤلفون: 王瑄, Wang, Hsuan

مصطلحات موضوعية: 醫療糾紛, 風險管理, 賓夕法尼亞州, 強制醫療責任保險, 醫療基金

الاتاحة: http://thesis.lib.nccu.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cdrfb3/gsweb.cgi?o=dstdcdr&i=sid=%22G0095358014%22.